Etudes et évaluation de processus océaniques par des hiérarchies ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

96 CHAPITRE 4. ETUDES DE PROCESSUS OCÉANOGRAPHIQUES A. Wirth, B. Barnier / Ocean Modelling 12 (2006) 101–111 105 tel-00545911, version 1 - 13 Dec 2010 Fig. 1. Temperature isosurface DT = 5.0 · 10 4 K (red) and vertical velocity isosurfaces w = .01 m/s (violet) and w = .01 m/s (green) at t = 1.5 days after the onset of cooling, for different latitudes on earth (a) NR (no rotation), (b) NP (90° N), (c) LS (60° N), (d) GL (45° N) and (e) EQ(0° N).
4.4. TILTED CONVECTIVE PLUMES IN NUMERICAL EXPERIMENTS 97 106 A. Wirth, B. Barnier / Ocean Modelling 12 (2006) 101–111 tel-00545911, version 1 - 13 Dec 2010 to deviate and follow the axis of rotation. By that time, the rotation inhibits changes of velocity along the axis of rotation (Taylor–Proudman theorem) in the entire domain and the cooled surface water now deviates immediately without an initial vertical sinking. This can be seen in Figs. 1(c) and (d), 2 and 3, where two venes of cold water are visible, a lower one formed by the initially vertically converting and the deviated water, and a upper one formed by the immediately deviating water cooled at later times. A closer analysis in Figs. 2 and 3, showing a north–south cross-section of the plumes suggests indeed that the plume dynamics is composed of a sinking in the direction of buoyancy force combined with a stretching along the axis of rotation forming ‘‘Taylor ink walls’’ or ‘‘Taylor curtains’’. These figures compare well to photos of laboratory experiments by Sheremet (2004) and the description in his article. Films composed of snapshots from the numerical data reveal that the heavier fluid actually spirals along the axis of rotation. The motion does indeed resemble a charged particle in a magnetic field, an analogy that is often advanced. The spiraling motion explains also the eastward drift and the downward drift with respect to the axis of rotation. Indeed, when a buoyant parcel spirals its gravitational acceleration depends on the steepness of the slope, the parcel has thus a faster velocity on the steeper and the following eastward leg, and is slower on the shallower and the following westward leg. This leads to a downward and eastward drift of the plume with respect to the axis of rotation (Figs. 2(b) and 3(b)), a fact also observed by Sheremet (2004). After having determined the direction of convection we proceed by looking at the vertical plume speed. After 1 h into the experiment and for the following next 7 h a constant acceleration Fig. 2. LS case (h = 60° N): (a) south–north cut through the center of the domain and (b) horizontal cut at 1500 m depth, temperature contour lines every DT = 5.0 · 10 4 K starting from DT = 3.1 · 10 3 K at t = 2 days after the onset of cooling.
Page 1 and 2:
Mémoire de Recherche présenté pa
Page 3 and 4:
tel-00545911, version 1 - 13 Dec 20
Page 5 and 6:
Table des matières I Etudes de pro
Page 7 and 8:
Première partie tel-00545911, vers
Page 9 and 10:
Chapitre 1 Avant-propos tel-0054591
Page 11 and 12:
Chapitre 2 Comprendre la dynamique
Page 13 and 14:
2.3. HIÉRARCHIE DE TYPES DE MODÈL
Page 15 and 16:
2.3. HIÉRARCHIE DE TYPES DE MODÈL
Page 17 and 18:
2.5. MA RECHERCHE DANS LE CONTEXTE
Page 19 and 20:
Page 21 and 22:
Chapitre 3 Dynamique océanique et
Page 23 and 24:
3.1. LA CIRCULATION OCÉANIQUE À G
Page 25 and 26:
3.1. LA CIRCULATION OCÉANIQUE À G
Page 27 and 28:
3.2. PROCESSUS SUBMÉSO ECHELLES ET
Page 29 and 30:
3.4. RETOUR À LA GRANDE ECHELLE PA
Page 31 and 32:
Page 33 and 34:
Page 35 and 36:
Bibliographie tel-00545911, version
Page 37 and 38:
Deuxième partie tel-00545911, vers
Page 39 and 40:
33 Curriculum Vitae du Dr. Achim WI
Page 41 and 42:
35 tel-00545911, version 1 - 13 Dec
Page 43 and 44:
Colloque bilan LEFE, Plouzané, Mai
Page 45 and 46:
Troisième partie tel-00545911, ver
Page 47 and 48:
Chapitre 4 Etudes de Processus Océ
Page 49 and 50:
4.1. VARIABILITY OF THE GREAT WHIRL
Page 51 and 52: 4.1. VARIABILITY OF THE GREAT WHIRL
Page 65 and 66: 4.2. THE PARAMETRIZATION OF BAROCLI
Page 79 and 80: 4.3. A NON-HYDROSTATIC FLAT-BOTTOM
Page 97 and 98: 4.4. TILTED CONVECTIVE PLUMES IN NU
Page 101: 4.4. TILTED CONVECTIVE PLUMES IN NU
Page 109 and 110: 4.5. MEAN CIRCULATION AND STRUCTURE
Page 125 and 126: 4.6. ESTIMATION OF FRICTION PARAMET
Page 137 and 138: 4.7. ON THE BASIC STRUCTURE OF OCEA
Page 151 and 152: 4.8. ESTIMATION OF FRICTION LAWS AN
Page 153 and 154:
4.8. ESTIMATION OF FRICTION LAWS AN
Page 155 and 156:
Page 157 and 158:
Page 159 and 160:
Page 161 and 162:
Page 163 and 164:
Page 165 and 166:
Page 167 and 168:
4.9. ON THE NUMERICAL RESOLUTION OF
Page 169 and 170:
Page 171 and 172:
Page 173 and 174:
Page 175 and 176:
Page 177 and 178:
Page 179 and 180:
Quatrième partie tel-00545911, ver
Page 181 and 182:
175 tel-00545911, version 1 - 13 De
Page 183 and 184:
177 Contents 1 Preface 5 tel-005459
Page 185 and 186:
179 Chapter 1 Preface tel-00545911,
Page 187 and 188:
181 Chapter 2 Observing the Ocean t
Page 189 and 190:
183 Chapter 3 Physical properties o
Page 191 and 192:
185 3.3. θ-S DIAGRAMS 11 3.3 θ-S
Page 193 and 194:
187 3.6. HEAT CAPACITY 13 tel-00545
Page 195 and 196:
189 3.7. CONSERVATIVE PROPERTIES 15
Page 197 and 198:
191 Chapter 4 Surface fluxes, the f
Page 199 and 200:
193 4.2. FRESH WATER FLUX 19 water.
Page 201 and 202:
195 Chapter 5 Dynamics of the Ocean
Page 203 and 204:
197 5.2. THE LINEARIZED ONE DIMENSI
Page 205 and 206:
199 5.4. TWO DIMENSIONAL STATIONARY
Page 207 and 208:
201 5.6. THE CORIOLIS FORCE 27 Whic
Page 209 and 210:
203 5.8. GEOSTROPHIC EQUILIBRIUM 29
Page 211 and 212:
205 5.10. LINEAR POTENTIAL VORTICIT
Page 213 and 214:
207 5.13. A FEW WORDS ABOUT WAVES 3
Page 215 and 216:
209 Chapter 6 Gyre Circulation tel-
Page 217 and 218:
211 6.1. SVERDRUP DYNAMICS IN THE S
Page 219 and 220:
213 6.2. THE EKMAN LAYER 39 In the
Page 221 and 222:
215 6.3. SVERDRUP DYNAMICS IN THE S
Page 223 and 224:
217 Chapter 7 Multi-Layer Ocean dyn
Page 225 and 226:
219 7.3. GEOSTROPHY IN A MULTI-LAYE
Page 227 and 228:
221 7.5. EDDIES, BAROCLINIC INSTABI
Page 229 and 230:
223 Chapter 8 Equatorial Dynamics t
Page 231 and 232:
225 Chapter 9 Abyssal and Overturni
Page 233 and 234:
227 9.2. MULTIPLE EQUILIBRIA OF THE
Page 235 and 236:
229 9.3. WHAT DRIVES THE THERMOHALI
Page 237 and 238:
231 Chapter 10 Penetration of Surfa
Page 239 and 240:
233 10.2. TURBULENT TRANSPORT 59 If
Page 241 and 242:
235 10.5. ENTRAINMENT 61 instabilit
Page 243 and 244:
237 Chapter 11 Solution of Exercise
Page 245 and 246:
239 65 Exercise 32: The moment of i
Page 247 and 248:
241 INDEX 67 Transport stream-funct
Page 249 and 250:
Annexe A Attestation de reussite au
Page 251 and 252:
Annexe B Rapports du jury et des ra
Page 253 and 254:
tel-00545911, version 1 - 13 Dec 20
Page 255 and 256:
tel-00545911, version 1 - 13 Dec 20
Page 257 and 258:
251 utilisés avec pertinence. Sur
Page 259 and 260:
253
Page 261 and 262:
tel-00545911, version 1 - 13 Dec 20
show all

Etudes et évaluation de processus océaniques par des hiérarchies ...

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?