Etude de la combustion de gaz de synthèse issus d'un processus de ...

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Experimental study of engine-like turbulent combustion 20 500 Velocity (m/s) 15 10 5 400 300 200 100 Piston position (mm) 0 0 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 Time (ms) (a) 20 500 tel-00623090, version 1 - 13 Sep 2011 Velocity (m/s) Velocity (m/s) 400 15 300 10 200 5 100 0 0 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 Time (ms) (b) 20 15 500 400 300 10 200 5 100 0 0 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 20 Time (ms) (c) 500 Piston position (mm) Piston position (mm) Velocity (m/s) 15 10 5 400 300 200 100 Piston position (mm) 0 0 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 Time (ms) (d) Figure 5.15 - Piston velocity: (a) Without combustion. (b) 5 ms BTDC. (c) 7.5 ms BTDC. (d) 12.5 ms BTDC 154
Chapter 5 From figure 5.15 is possible to conclude that the piston velocity is higher on the compression stroke than on the expansion stroke for every case. The maximum velocity on the compression stroke is around 15 m/s decreasing to around 14 m/s on the expansion stroke. The piston speed of the movement is constantly changing in the cylinder. Relatively great in the middle of the stroke, some nearby the dead centre speed is relatively small and it is zero in the dead centre. On the compression stroke the maximum velocity occurs around 110 ms and is not influenced by combustion because ignition is made after that instant for the whole cases. On the expansion stroke the maximum speed occurs at around 162 ms for ignition timing of 5.0 ms BTDC, around 165 ms for 7.5 ms BTDC and 166 ms for 12.5 ms BTDC. An equivalent rotation speed could be defined by the following expression: Δ θ = 6NΔ t (5.1) tel-00623090, version 1 - 13 Sep 2011 Where θ is the crank angle in degrees, N the rotation speed and t the time. Taking into account that each stroke represents 180 crank angle degrees, the mean equivalent rotation speed for the compression stroke is 682 rpm. Considering the differences verified on the piston displacement on the expansion stroke for the different fuels and ignition timings, the mean equivalent rotation speed is also slightly changed. Considering a criterion of 1.0 mm for the final piston position, we have an equivalent rotation speed for the expansion stroke of 612 rpm for ignition timing of 5 ms BTDC and 588 rpm for other ignitions timings for updraft syngas. 5.2.1.3 In-cylinder pressure repeatability A set of three experiments was made for each syngas composition with various ignition timings in order to verify its repetition. The pressure traces are shown in figure 5.16 for updraft syngas after TDC synchronization. 155
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THÈSE Pour l’obtention du Grade
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Acknowledgements Acknowledgements T
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Résumé __________________________
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Nomenclature Nomenclature Roman tel
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Nomenclature Subscripts tel-0062309
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Contents tel-00623090, version 1 -
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Contents 6.4. SYNGAS FUELLED-ENGINE
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Introduction CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
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Introduction proves to have higher
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Introduction Chapter 3 - Experiment
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Bibliographic revision CHAPTER 2 BI
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Bibliographic revision point today
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Bibliographic revision - Boudouard
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Bibliographic revision Table 2.1 -
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Bibliographic revision Biomass Dryi
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Bibliographic revision Circulating
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Bibliographic revision or eliminate
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Bibliographic revision established
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Bibliographic revision Hydrogen Hyd
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Bibliographic revision of low moist
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Bibliographic revision scrubbing an
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Bibliographic revision suggests tha
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Bibliographic revision 1 d( δ A) 1
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Bibliographic revision Since n is
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Bibliographic revision 2 ( rsr ) 2
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Bibliographic revision This evoluti
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Bibliographic revision The burning
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Bibliographic revision δVG = − a
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Bibliographic revision 2 1 − −
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Bibliographic revision where the su
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Bibliographic revision the stretche
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Bibliographic revision burning velo
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Experimental set ups and diagnostic
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Chapter 4 CHAPTER 4 EXPERIMENTAL AN
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Chapter 4 4.1 Laminar burning veloc
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Chapter 4 4.1.1.1 Flame morphology
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Chapter 4 P i = 1.0 bar, Ti = 293 K
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Chapter 4 Figure 4.5 shows schliere
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Chapter 4 P i = 2.0 bar, T i = 293
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Chapter 4 Sn (m/s) 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5
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Chapter 4 5 ms 10 ms 15 ms 20 ms 25
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Chapter 4 behaviour of the curves r
Page 107 and 108: Chapter 4 1.50 Sn (m/s) 1.25 1.00 0
Page 109 and 110: Chapter 4 0.5 0.4 φ =1.0 Su (m/s)
Page 111 and 112: Chapter 4 variation of the normaliz
Page 113 and 114: Chapter 4 4.1.1.6 Comparison with o
Page 115 and 116: Chapter 4 The values of laminar bur
Page 117 and 118: Chapter 4 Pressure (bar) 7 6 5 4 3
Page 119 and 120: Chapter 4 0.5 0.4 φ=1.2 Su (m/s) 0
Page 121 and 122: Chapter 4 0.3 φ=0.8 Su (m/s) 0.2 0
Page 123 and 124: Chapter 4 a minimum pressure to exp
Page 125 and 126: Chapter 4 Notice the similar behavi
Page 127 and 128: Chapter 4 A very good agreement bet
Page 129 and 130: Chapter 4 ( ) Q = h T − T (4.21)
Page 131 and 132: Chapter 4 tel-00623090, version 1 -
Page 133 and 134: Chapter 4 are tested and discussed.
Page 135 and 136: Chapter 4 7 500 Pressure (bar) 6 5
Page 137 and 138: Chapter 4 Pressure (bar) 7 6 5 4 3
Page 139 and 140: Chapter 4 4.2.3.4 Quenching distanc
Page 141 and 142: Chapter 4 10000 Quenching distance
Page 143 and 144: Chapter 5 CHAPTER 5 EXPERIMENTAL ST
Page 145 and 146: Chapter 5 30 10 25 8 Pressure (bar)
Page 147 and 148: Chapter 5 30 Piston position (mm) 2
Page 149 and 150: Chapter 5 5.1.1.4 In-cylinder press
Page 151 and 152: Chapter 5 estimation of various par
Page 153 and 154: Chapter 5 TDC 1.25 ms 2.5 ms 3.75 m
Page 155 and 156: Chapter 5 Piston position (mm) 500
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Page 161 and 162: Chapter 5 From figure 5.16 is obser
Page 163 and 164: Chapter 5 80 Pressure (bar) 70 60 5
Page 165 and 166: Chapter 5 80 10 Pmax (bar) 70 60 50
Page 167 and 168: Chapter 5 -5.0 ms -3.75 ms -2.5 ms
Page 169 and 170: Chapter 5 observation emphasis the
Page 171 and 172: Chapter 6 CHAPTER 6 NUMERICAL SIMUL
Page 173 and 174: Chapter 6 centered at the spark plu
Page 175 and 176: Chapter 6 H 2 O, (3) N 2 , (4) O 2
Page 177 and 178: Chapter 6 For all the above express
Page 179 and 180: Chapter 6 motions within the cylind
Page 181 and 182: Chapter 6 tel-00623090, version 1 -
Page 183 and 184: Chapter 6 Heat transfer Wei et al.,
Page 185 and 186: Chapter 6 The calibration coefficie
Page 187 and 188: Chapter 6 6.3.2.2 In-cylinder volum
Page 189 and 190: Chapter 6 40 Experimental 30 Numeri
Page 191 and 192: Chapter 6 80 70 60 Numerical Experi
Page 193 and 194: Chapter 6 downdraft syngas than for
Page 195 and 196: Chapter 6 80 23º BTDC 60 29.5º BT
Page 197 and 198: Chapter 6 with experimental results
Page 199 and 200: Conclusions CHAPTER 7 CONCLUSIONS 7
Page 201 and 202: Conclusions radius and time for syn
Page 203 and 204: Conclusions conditions, therefore s
Page 205 and 206: Conclusions tel-00623090, version 1
Page 207 and 208: References References tel-00623090,
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References tel-00623090, version 1
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Appendix A - Overdetermined linear
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Appendix A - Overdetermined linear
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Appendix B- Syngas-air mixtures pro
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Appendix C -Rivère model Heat flux
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Appendix C -Rivère model The work
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tel-00623090, version 1 - 13 Sep 20
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