INVESTIGATIONS INTO HYPERLIPIDEMIA AND ITS POSSIBLE ...
INVESTIGATIONS INTO HYPERLIPIDEMIA AND ITS POSSIBLE ...
INVESTIGATIONS INTO HYPERLIPIDEMIA AND ITS POSSIBLE ...
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the pancreas (e.g. pancreatic pseudocyst), and for obtaining pancreatic specimens for<br />
cytological evaluation. 202<br />
Other imaging modalities<br />
Several other imaging modalities are routinely used to diagnose or evaluate<br />
pancreatitis in human patients. Contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) is an<br />
extremely valuable tool for the evaluation of human patients with suspected pancreatitis<br />
and might also prove to be useful in dogs, but it has not been evaluated in an adequate<br />
number of canine pancreatitis cases. 203<br />
Other imaging modalities (e.g., endoscopic<br />
retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), endoscopic ultrasonography), have been<br />
studied in healthy dogs and dogs with gastrointestinal diseases with varying results. 204,205<br />
However, due to the lack of standardized criteria for the diagnosis of pancreatitis, the<br />
complexity of these modalities, their limited availability, and the cost of the equipment<br />
they cannot be currently recommended for the diagnosis of canine pancreatitis.<br />
Pathology<br />
Certain macroscopic lesions identified during surgery, laparoscopy, or necropsy<br />
are highly suggestive of pancreatitis and are preferred sites for biopsy collection. 177<br />
Macroscopic pancreatic lesions suggestive of pancreatitis may include peripancreatic fat<br />
necrosis, pancreatic hemorrhage and congestion, and a dull granular capsular surface. 177<br />
However, gross pathologic lesions may not always be apparent in dogs with pancreatitis,<br />
and in some cases, they might be difficult to differentiate from nodular hyperplasia. 206