INVESTIGATIONS INTO HYPERLIPIDEMIA AND ITS POSSIBLE ...

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177 58. Gleeson JM, Hejazi JS, Kwong L, et al. Plasma apolipoprotein-E, highdensity-lipoprotein 1 (HDL1) and urinary mevalonate excretion in pancreatectomized diabetic dogs: effects of insulin and lovastatin. Atherosclerosis 1990;84:1-12. 59. Huang HP, Yang HL, Liang SL, et al. Iatrogenic hyperadrenocorticism in 28 Dogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 1999;35:200-207. 60. Ling GV, Stabenfeldt GH, Comer KM, et al. Canine hyperadrenocorticism: pretreatment clinical and laboratory evaluation of 117 cases. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1979;174:1211-1215. 61. Anderson NV, Low DG. Diseases of the canine pancreas: a comparative summary of 103 cases. Anim Hosp 1965;1:189-194. 62. Anderson NV, Strafuss AC. Pancreatic disease in dogs and cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1971;159:885-891. 63. Cook AK, Breitschwerdt EB, Levine JF, et al. Risk factors associated with acute pancreatitis in dogs: 101 cases (1985-1990). J Am Vet Med Assoc 1993;203:673- 679. 64. Hess RS, Saunders HM, Van Winkle TJ, et al. Clinical, clinicopathologic, radiographic, and ultrasonographic abnormalities in dogs with fatal acute pancreatitis: 70 cases (1986-1995). J Am Vet Med Assoc 1998;213:665-670. 65. Hess RS, Kass PH, Shofer FS, et al. Evaluation of risk factors for fatal acute pancreatitis in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1999;214:46-51.
178 66. Williams DA, Steiner JM. Canine pancreatic disease. In: Ettinger SJ, Feldman EC. eds. Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine. St. Louis: Elsevier Saunders; 2005:1482-1488. 67. Bailhache E, Nguyen P, Krempf M, et al. Lipoproteins abnormalities in obese insulin-resistant dogs. Metabolism 2003;52:559-564. 68. Diez M, Michaux C, Jeusette I, et al. Evolution of blood parameters during weight loss in experimental obese Beagle dogs. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr 2004;88:166- 171. 69. Center SA, Smith CA, Wilkinson E, et al. Clinicopathological, renal immunofluorescent, and light microscopic features of glomerulonephritis in the dog: 41 cases (1975-1985). J Am Vet Med Assoc 1987;190:81-90. 70. DiBartola SP, Tarr MJ, Parker AT, et al. Clinicopathologic findings in dogs with renal amyloidosis: 59 cases (1976-1986). J Am Vet Med Assoc 1989;195:358-364. 71. Cook AK, Cowgill LD. Clinical and pathological features of protein-losing glomerular disease in the dog: a review of 137 cases (1985-1992). J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 1996;32:313-322. 72. DiBartola SP, Tarr MJ, Webb DM, et al. Familial renal amyloidosis in chinese Shar Pei dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1990;197:483-487. 73. Littman MP, Dambach DM, Vaden SL, et al. Familial protein-losing enteropathy and protein-losing nephropathy in Soft Coated Wheaten Terriers: 222 cases (1983-1997). J Vet Intern Med 2000;14:68-80.
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INVESTIGATIONS INTO HYPERLIPIDEMIA
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INVESTIGATIONS INTO HYPERLIPIDEMIA
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iv was found to be useful for the s
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vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to
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viii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ABSTRAC
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x LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE Page 1 Cor
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xii FIGURE Page 20 1-dimensional sl
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2 the results of these initial stud
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4 and HDL 1 concentrations and a de
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6 and, in smaller concentrations, L
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8 HDL molecules can be further subd
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10 reach the vasculature, they acqu
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12 Endocrine disease Most commonly,
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14 with varying frequencies in dogs
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16 hypercholesterolemia was found o
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18 Primary hyperlipidemia with hype
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20 Atherosclerosis Although dogs ap
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22 Dietary management Typically, th
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24 therapy when the latter fails to
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26 followed from the 1970s until to
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28 this theory, zymogen granules th
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30 be quite different, especially i
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32 Drugs As in humans, drug-induced
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34 Signalment Dogs of any age, bree
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36 erroneously direct the clinician
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38 of changes over time in serum Sp
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40 they have been shown to have a l
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42 revealed either a normal pancrea
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44 At present, a definitive diagnos
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46 factors should always be investi
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48 associated pancreatitis is much
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50 clear whether hyperlipidemia was
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52 hepatobiliary disease in both Mi
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54 the reference range, while Group
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56 ROC analysis and calculation of
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58 Figure 3. Serum cPLI concentrati
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60 There was no significant differe
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62 severe (typically ≥1,000 mg/dl
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64 gastrointestinal signs or suspec
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66 CHAPTER III SERUM TRIGLYCERIDE C
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68 logical assumption that a defect
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70 pancreatitis. For the same reaso
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72 Spec cPL concentrations were mea
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74 were significantly more likely t
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76 Figure 5. Comparison of serum tr
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78 Figure 7. Comparison of serum tr
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80 pancreatitis as it cannot be pre
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83 Although serum cholesterol conce
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85 Footnotes a Spec cPL ® , IDEXX
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87 several subfractions, with diffe
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89 Miniature Schnauzers (Group 2) T
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91 Assays Serum triglyceride (refer
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93 Figure 8. Custom-built fluoresce
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95 range HDL 1 has not been accurat
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97 mg/dL) were significantly higher
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99 Figure 10: Serum cholesterol con
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101 (Eigenvalues=0.5455; P=0.00017;
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103 Figure 12: Representative lipop
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105 Figures 14A and 14B: Representa
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107 Specifically, 97% of non-hypert
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109 The fraction of TRLs was a sign
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111 Schnauzers without hyperlipidem
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113 Footnotes a Roche/Hitachi MODUL
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115 The biochemical, metabolic, and
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117 Study design Each one of the do
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119 Questionnaires and consent form
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121 a target intensity of 30%, and
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123 might affect lipid metabolism (
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125 Figure 16. Serum triglyceride c
Page 140 and 141: 127 Figure 18. Serum Spec cPL conce
Page 142 and 143: 129 Figure 19. 1-dimensional sliced
Page 144 and 145: 131 Dogs that did not respond to th
Page 146 and 147: 133 Hypertriglyceridemia has been l
Page 148 and 149: 135 degrees. One possible explanati
Page 150 and 151: 137 Footnotes a Royal Canin Gastroi
Page 152 and 153: 139 concentrations and lipoprotein
Page 154 and 155: 141 inclusion criteria for the stud
Page 156 and 157: 143 light source j , located in a d
Page 159 and 160: 146 Serum triglyceride and choleste
Page 161 and 162: 148 Figure 22. Serum triglyceride c
Page 163 and 164: 150 Figure 24. 1-dimensional sliced
Page 165 and 166: 152 Discussion The purpose of the p
Page 167 and 168: 154 fraction of these dogs (about 3
Page 169 and 170: 156 of lipoproteins might also have
Page 171 and 172: 158 Footnotes a Roche/Hitachi MODUL
Page 173 and 174: 160 the etiology of pancreatitis, b
Page 175 and 176: 162 times (P=0.0343) for a serum cP
Page 177 and 178: 164 peaks than dogs of other breeds
Page 179 and 180: 166 19.3; 95% CI, 2.0-184.0; P=0.00
Page 181 and 182: 168 4) Specific lipoprotein classes
Page 183 and 184: 170 REFERENCES 1949;8:96-97. 1. Lew
Page 185 and 186: 172 17. Whitney MS, Boon GD, Rebar
Page 187 and 188: 174 33. Ford RB. Clinical managemen
Page 189: 176 50. Nelson RW, Turnwald GH, Wil
Page 193 and 194: 180 82. Yilmaz Z, Senturk S. Charac
Page 195 and 196: 182 97. Fojo SS, Stalenhoef AF, Mar
Page 197 and 198: 184 111. Lam CW, Yuen YP, Cheng WF,
Page 199 and 200: 186 127. Crispin SM. Ocular manifes
Page 201 and 202: 188 144. Lindsay S, Entenmann C, Ch
Page 203 and 204: 190 161. Steiner JM. Canine pancrea
Page 205 and 206: 192 176. Steiner JM, Teague SR, Wil
Page 207 and 208: 194 191. Steiner JM. Diagnosis of p
Page 209 and 210: 196 208. Talukdar R, Vege S. Recent
Page 211 and 212: 198 224. Koch K, Drewelow B, Liebe
Page 213 and 214: 200 241. Petrov MS, van Santvoort H
Page 215 and 216: 202 258. Ewald N, Hardt PD, Kloer H
Page 217 and 218: 204 274. Otvos JD, Jeyarajah EJ, Be
Page 219 and 220: 206 289. Carpentier YA, Scruel O. C
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