INVESTIGATIONS INTO HYPERLIPIDEMIA AND ITS POSSIBLE ...

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127 Figure 18. Serum Spec cPL concentrations in dogs with hypertriglyceridemia before and after diet change. Samples 1 and 2 were collected while dogs were on their original diets. Samples 3 and 4 were collected approximately 8 and 12 weeks after the dogs were placed on the study diet, respectively. There was no significant difference in serum Spec cPL concentrations after the diet change (P=0.14). The dashed line represents the upper limit of the reference interval. The solid line represents the cut-off for pancreatitis.
128 Lipoprotein profile analysis For analysis of the lipoprotein profiles in response to diet change, the lipoprotein profiles after the diet change were compared with those of the same dogs before the diet change as well as those of the group of healthy dogs. Before the diet change, there was a 98% separation between Group 1 and Group 2 using SIR analysis (Eigenvalues=0.7748; P=0.0003; Figure 19). One Miniature Schnauzer from Group 1 had only a very mildly increased serum triglyceride concentration, and this dog was misclassified as a control dog). Therefore, 15/16 (94%) of hyperlipidemic Miniature Schnauzers were classified as hyperlipidemic based on their lipoprotein profiles alone. After the diet change, significantly fewer Miniature Schnauzers (7/16; 44%; odds ratio: 19.3; 95% CI, 2.0 to 184.0; P=0.006) were still classified as hyperlipidemic by lipoprotein profile analysis, while the majority of the dogs of this group (56%) were classified as normal (Figure 20). This means that with the diet change >50% of hyperlipidemic dogs no longer had evidence of lipoprotein abnormalities based on their lipoprotein profiles. Logistic regression analysis of the baseline lipoprotein profiles (before the diet change) of dogs that eventually responded and dogs that did not respond to the diet change showed that dogs that responded to the diet change could be separated with 88% accuracy from the ones that did not respond based on lipoprotein profile analysis even before the diet change. The logistic regression model fit the data well (chi-square=8.99; P=0.003; -2 log likelihood=4.09; Nagelkerke R 2 =0.9; Hosmer-Lemeshow test p =1.0).
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INVESTIGATIONS INTO HYPERLIPIDEMIA
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INVESTIGATIONS INTO HYPERLIPIDEMIA
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iv was found to be useful for the s
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vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to
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viii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ABSTRAC
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x LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE Page 1 Cor
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xii FIGURE Page 20 1-dimensional sl
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2 the results of these initial stud
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4 and HDL 1 concentrations and a de
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6 and, in smaller concentrations, L
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8 HDL molecules can be further subd
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10 reach the vasculature, they acqu
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12 Endocrine disease Most commonly,
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14 with varying frequencies in dogs
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16 hypercholesterolemia was found o
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18 Primary hyperlipidemia with hype
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20 Atherosclerosis Although dogs ap
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22 Dietary management Typically, th
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24 therapy when the latter fails to
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26 followed from the 1970s until to
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28 this theory, zymogen granules th
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30 be quite different, especially i
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32 Drugs As in humans, drug-induced
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34 Signalment Dogs of any age, bree
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36 erroneously direct the clinician
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38 of changes over time in serum Sp
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40 they have been shown to have a l
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42 revealed either a normal pancrea
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44 At present, a definitive diagnos
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46 factors should always be investi
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48 associated pancreatitis is much
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50 clear whether hyperlipidemia was
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52 hepatobiliary disease in both Mi
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54 the reference range, while Group
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56 ROC analysis and calculation of
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58 Figure 3. Serum cPLI concentrati
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60 There was no significant differe
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62 severe (typically ≥1,000 mg/dl
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64 gastrointestinal signs or suspec
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66 CHAPTER III SERUM TRIGLYCERIDE C
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68 logical assumption that a defect
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70 pancreatitis. For the same reaso
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72 Spec cPL concentrations were mea
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74 were significantly more likely t
Page 89 and 90: 76 Figure 5. Comparison of serum tr
Page 91 and 92: 78 Figure 7. Comparison of serum tr
Page 93: 80 pancreatitis as it cannot be pre
Page 96 and 97: 83 Although serum cholesterol conce
Page 98 and 99: 85 Footnotes a Spec cPL ® , IDEXX
Page 100 and 101: 87 several subfractions, with diffe
Page 102 and 103: 89 Miniature Schnauzers (Group 2) T
Page 104 and 105: 91 Assays Serum triglyceride (refer
Page 106 and 107: 93 Figure 8. Custom-built fluoresce
Page 108 and 109: 95 range HDL 1 has not been accurat
Page 110 and 111: 97 mg/dL) were significantly higher
Page 112 and 113: 99 Figure 10: Serum cholesterol con
Page 114 and 115: 101 (Eigenvalues=0.5455; P=0.00017;
Page 116 and 117: 103 Figure 12: Representative lipop
Page 118 and 119: 105 Figures 14A and 14B: Representa
Page 120 and 121: 107 Specifically, 97% of non-hypert
Page 122 and 123: 109 The fraction of TRLs was a sign
Page 124 and 125: 111 Schnauzers without hyperlipidem
Page 126 and 127: 113 Footnotes a Roche/Hitachi MODUL
Page 128 and 129: 115 The biochemical, metabolic, and
Page 130 and 131: 117 Study design Each one of the do
Page 132 and 133: 119 Questionnaires and consent form
Page 134 and 135: 121 a target intensity of 30%, and
Page 136 and 137: 123 might affect lipid metabolism (
Page 138 and 139: 125 Figure 16. Serum triglyceride c
Page 142 and 143: 129 Figure 19. 1-dimensional sliced
Page 144 and 145: 131 Dogs that did not respond to th
Page 146 and 147: 133 Hypertriglyceridemia has been l
Page 148 and 149: 135 degrees. One possible explanati
Page 150 and 151: 137 Footnotes a Royal Canin Gastroi
Page 152 and 153: 139 concentrations and lipoprotein
Page 154 and 155: 141 inclusion criteria for the stud
Page 156 and 157: 143 light source j , located in a d
Page 159 and 160: 146 Serum triglyceride and choleste
Page 161 and 162: 148 Figure 22. Serum triglyceride c
Page 163 and 164: 150 Figure 24. 1-dimensional sliced
Page 165 and 166: 152 Discussion The purpose of the p
Page 167 and 168: 154 fraction of these dogs (about 3
Page 169 and 170: 156 of lipoproteins might also have
Page 171 and 172: 158 Footnotes a Roche/Hitachi MODUL
Page 173 and 174: 160 the etiology of pancreatitis, b
Page 175 and 176: 162 times (P=0.0343) for a serum cP
Page 177 and 178: 164 peaks than dogs of other breeds
Page 179 and 180: 166 19.3; 95% CI, 2.0-184.0; P=0.00
Page 181 and 182: 168 4) Specific lipoprotein classes
Page 183 and 184: 170 REFERENCES 1949;8:96-97. 1. Lew
Page 185 and 186: 172 17. Whitney MS, Boon GD, Rebar
Page 187 and 188: 174 33. Ford RB. Clinical managemen
Page 189 and 190: 176 50. Nelson RW, Turnwald GH, Wil
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178 66. Williams DA, Steiner JM. Ca
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180 82. Yilmaz Z, Senturk S. Charac
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182 97. Fojo SS, Stalenhoef AF, Mar
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184 111. Lam CW, Yuen YP, Cheng WF,
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186 127. Crispin SM. Ocular manifes
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188 144. Lindsay S, Entenmann C, Ch
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190 161. Steiner JM. Canine pancrea
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192 176. Steiner JM, Teague SR, Wil
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194 191. Steiner JM. Diagnosis of p
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196 208. Talukdar R, Vege S. Recent
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198 224. Koch K, Drewelow B, Liebe
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200 241. Petrov MS, van Santvoort H
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202 258. Ewald N, Hardt PD, Kloer H
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204 274. Otvos JD, Jeyarajah EJ, Be
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206 289. Carpentier YA, Scruel O. C
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