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has invested great capitals in the research on applied biotechnology. The prestigious ETH Zürich, one of the greatest beneficiaries of these investments and a key actor in Swiss debate usually shares and defends the opinions of the company. A high alarm about GMO will influence very negatively the allocation of public and private founds to the biotechnological research. On the other side of the barricade, the Union of Swiss Farmers considers the reject of GMO plants as a mark of distinction and quality of Swiss products. One of the first strategies in their fight against GMO plants was the creation of the Suisse garantie labels in 2004. The renunciation to the employ of gen techniques is a sine qua non requisite for national and regional products, which benefits from a great national costumers’ trust. Consumers associations are also highly concerned about technological evolution and their hypothetical risks. All the political parties made their own statements about the matter. The complexity of the Swiss federal system, in which very important rights to vote in referendum or promote a popular initiative are accorded to citizens, is one of the main causes of the great diversity of opinions between the parties and also inside the parties (CVP, SVP,…). That is why the Green Party, introducer of the popular initiative plays a key role but <strong>do</strong>esn’t monopolize the creation of public opinion in Switzerland. 191 FEDERALISM, DIRECT DEMOCRACY AND THE QUALITY OF PUBLIC DELIBERATION: THE GMO DEBATE José Luis Egío 9. GMO Plants in Saint Galler Tagblatt • First regional newspaper in Eastern Switzerland. Daily circulation: 99.000. • Presence of local editorial offices in 11 towns of the region. • Less dependent on national and international press agencies than La Opinión or El Periódico. • Period of news’ compilation: 2004-11 March 2010. • Key word of the research: gentechnisch, gentechnologie. • http://www.tagblatt.ch/suche/
INFORMATION PRO YEAR. TOTAL : 337 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010u.mars 64 132 (94 from October 27 to November 30) 31 35 46 22 7 Table 13: Information about GMO plants in Saint Galler Tagblatt newspaper Opinion about GMO in the news Quite positive Quite negative Almost neutral 58 134 145 Table 14: Opinion about GMO plants in the news of Saint Galler Tagblatt newspaper 192 DEMOCRACY TODAY SECTION OR GEOGRAPHIC AREA OF INFORMATION NUMBER OF NEWS National 124 Regional 78 Regional/National 21 Regional/International 11 National/International Total 48 National-EU 21 National-Other nations 28 Regional/National/International 4 International 61 International EU 26 International-Other nations 35 REGIONAL TOTAL 114 NATIONAL TOTAL 197 INTERNATIONAL TOTAL 123 Table 15: Section of the newspaper where information about GMO appears. Geographic provenance of the news.
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COLECÇÃO HESPÉRIDES FILOSOFIA/CU
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DEMOCRACIA HOJE DEMOCRACY TODAY ORG
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111 Designing the Public Realm a Pr
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8 DEMOCRACY TODAY in concrete local
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project; I am also grateful to Prof
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POLITICS AND EQUALITY IN GREEK INVE
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cultural conception of it, very clo
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here Philosophy! Philosophy is pole
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human capacity to self-determinatio
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ALEXIS DE TOCQUEVILLE’S NOTION OF
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elationships. In order to understan
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empire building bears the mark of a
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the “taste” for freedom, or the
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all individuals are considered as e
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Tocqueville’s Influence on Lefort
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l’homme et politique” (Lefort 1
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---- , 2000. Democracy in America.
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38 DEMOCRACY TODAY and key characte
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often used to indicate a new mode o
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42 Apart from output and the possib
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44 DEMOCRACY TODAY should act as ac
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46 DEMOCRACY TODAY a particular rol
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claim, made it possible to give a d
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50 DEMOCRACY TODAY provide citizens
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52 DEMOCRACY TODAY The democratic e
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54 DEMOCRACY TODAY of what’-quest
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References 56 DEMOCRACY TODAY ANKER
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PART II CONTEMPORARY THEORIES
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To assess forms of representation,
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64 DEMOCRACY TODAY bad democracy, b
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Unitarian critiques 66 DEMOCRACY TO
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concerns the level at which these a
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70 DEMOCRACY TODAY A focus on contr
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72 DEMOCRACY TODAY Deliberation and
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example, involve a real devolution
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OS DESÍGNIOS DA DEMOCRACIA GLOBAL
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sociedade civil como parte da compr
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outros o modo como os princípios e
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existentes - e mostra como a cidada
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A estabilidade da sociedade interna
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políticas e sociais justas, ou no
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DEMOCRACY, HOPE AND NIHILISM ON THE
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ecause in it there would be constan
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is never the result of an underlyin
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of a pluralist democracy is at the
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Let me illustrate this with a remar
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the problem just sketched would eva
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he look at her again. But Orpheus w
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as an act also counts for political
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hope precedes nihilism. Nihilism ca
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PETTIT, Philip, Republicanism. Oxfo
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DESIGNING THE PUBLIC REALM A PREREQ
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with this similar composition are t
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political decisions, a series of me
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to debate and decide on any topic t
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ability is granted as citizens have
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FETSCHER, Iring (2007): “Hannah A
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ZHU, Rui (2004): “Distinguishing
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FREEDOM, POWER AND REPRESENTATION:
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Freedom as Power The account of fre
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standard-bearers for his ‘negativ
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1) the power to get what I want, to
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morning football club, where the sa
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main problem with this account is t
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efore being represented; instead th
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Searle. The analysis of social real
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244 DEMOCRACY TODAY Whenever two or
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to see its effect within a social d
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248 DEMOCRACY TODAY survive even th
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250 DEMOCRACY TODAY level. And this
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252 DEMOCRACY TODAY claim [36] . Bu
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254 DEMOCRACY TODAY proposed in the
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References 256 DEMOCRACY TODAY AGAM
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DEMOCRACIA HOJE DEMOCRACY TODAY Org
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