HEINRICH HEINE - Repositories

HEINRICH HEINE - Repositories HEINRICH HEINE - Repositories

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Heinrich Heine vantage-point at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles, Marcuse surveyed the storm that had raged about Heine in the heart of Europe and noted that one could trace the genealogy of German decay by tracing the increasing antagonism of Germans towards Heine from Count von Platen to Richard Wagner, from Wagner to Heinrich von Treitschke, from Treitschke to Adolf Bartels, and from Bartels to Julius Streicher. Marcuse held that anti-humanistic and anti-European Germany had always associated the name of Heine with everything that was opposed to national selfishness. In our day, however, after the defeat of the Third Reich, Heine had emerged more alive, more meaningful, and more contemporary than the majority of those who now write and orate as functionaries of weU-established parties. According to Marcuse, Heine opposed wars and revolutions and clung to the credo that mankind was destined for happiness and not for battling and killing. It is thus obvious, if we would judge from the most recent editions of Heine's works in the original tongue and in translation and from the unending flow of scholarly studies and critical appraisals, that the poet is still felt as a living force in England and America, in France and in Russia, and [174]

Citizen of the World again, to an increasing extent, in his native country, which has been liberated from the Nazi nightmare. Like all living forces, Heine is subject to change and transformation in time and space. The midtwentieth century legend of Heine is far removed from its pre-Victorian progenitor and the English legend bears the Anglo-Saxon imprint as surely as the Russian legend bears the Moscow imprint. Each age and each people have had an affinity for some distinct aspect of the complex personality and have superimposed their new insight upon the insights of their predecessors. A survey of the English legend from 1828 to the present day reveals many varying and often contradictory approaches and interpretations. And the real Heine? Was he the blackguard and apostate that the pre-Victorians saw or the martyr of Montmartre envisaged by the Early Victorians? Was he the continuator of Goethe, as proclaimed by the mid- Victorians, or the Hellenist and cultural pessimist heralded by the Late Victorians? Was he the Wandering Jew that his co-religionists perceived or the bard of democracy that the generation between two Worid Wars hailed? Finally, was he the Citizen of the World that the mid-t\\ cntieth century, sur- [175]

Heinrich Heine<br />

vantage-point at the University of Southern California<br />

in Los Angeles, Marcuse surveyed the storm<br />

that had raged about Heine in the heart of Europe<br />

and noted that one could trace the genealogy of<br />

German decay by tracing the increasing antagonism<br />

of Germans towards Heine from Count von Platen<br />

to Richard Wagner, from Wagner to Heinrich von<br />

Treitschke, from Treitschke to Adolf Bartels, and<br />

from Bartels to Julius Streicher. Marcuse held that<br />

anti-humanistic and anti-European Germany had<br />

always associated the name of Heine with everything<br />

that was opposed to national selfishness. In<br />

our day, however, after the defeat of the Third<br />

Reich, Heine had emerged more alive, more meaningful,<br />

and more contemporary than the majority<br />

of those who now write and orate as functionaries<br />

of weU-established parties. According to Marcuse,<br />

Heine opposed wars and revolutions and clung to<br />

the credo that mankind was destined for happiness<br />

and not for battling and killing.<br />

It is thus obvious, if we would judge from the<br />

most recent editions of Heine's works in the original<br />

tongue and in translation and from the unending<br />

flow of scholarly studies and critical appraisals,<br />

that the poet is still felt as a living force in England<br />

and America, in France and in Russia, and<br />

[174]

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