pakistan geographical review 1954 - University of the Punjab
pakistan geographical review 1954 - University of the Punjab
pakistan geographical review 1954 - University of the Punjab
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150,000 tons <strong>of</strong> coal per year mined under Government Control. Total<br />
production <strong>of</strong> both <strong>the</strong> countries (Iran and West Pakistan) is decreasing.<br />
As regards production <strong>of</strong> petroleum, Middle East comes next to U.S.A.<br />
but most <strong>of</strong> this fluid wealth is exported as it is exploited by foreign nations<br />
with foreign capital. Only 1-3% is consumed locally, mostly in motor<br />
communication. It is only Egyptian oil from Ras Gharib fields that is retained<br />
within <strong>the</strong> country to satisfy 40% <strong>of</strong> its needs. Syria, Lebanon and Palestine<br />
use Iraq oil for <strong>the</strong> electrification <strong>of</strong> important cities.<br />
Development <strong>of</strong> electric energy is impeded by a great deficiency <strong>of</strong><br />
technical labour and capital. In <strong>the</strong> absence <strong>of</strong> heavy industry, electrical<br />
machinary (generators, turbines etc.) has to be imported. Hydro-electric power<br />
is little developed because <strong>of</strong> lack <strong>of</strong> fuel and water for coaling purposes. Even<br />
in <strong>the</strong>rmal plants copious quantities <strong>of</strong> water are essential for <strong>the</strong> generation<br />
<strong>of</strong> electricity. Turkey has been able to develop nearly 35% <strong>of</strong> her potential<br />
hydro-electric power. There are six projects each with an installed capacity<br />
<strong>of</strong> 4000-7000 K.W. They are scattered in <strong>the</strong> marginal areas <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Anatolian<br />
plateau. They are:<br />
(1) Sizir Project in Sivas and Kayseri area.<br />
(2) Tortum Project in Erzerum.<br />
(3) Golcuk Project in Elazic mines.<br />
(4) Goksu Project in Konya.<br />
(5) Degirmendere Project in Teabzon.<br />
(6) Kadincik Project in Taurusand Adana.<br />
There are three multi-purpose projects connected with irrigational and<br />
flood control works located at Sariyar, Gediz and Buyuk Menderes.<br />
Iraq has not tapped her resources <strong>of</strong> hydroelctric power in Tigris and<br />
Euphrates. She relies on cheaper means, that is, oil and gas. Thermal diesal<br />
plants have been installed in Baghdad and Basra with an annual capacity <strong>of</strong><br />
51,000 K. W. The Iraq Petroleum Company has a plant at Kirkuk generating<br />
14,000 K.W. <strong>of</strong> energy. [here are also small plants in various o<strong>the</strong>r places.<br />
In West Pakistan <strong>the</strong>re are five hydro-elctric projects<br />
(1) Malakand producing 20,000 K. W. per year.<br />
(2) Warsak producing 90,000 K.W. per year.<br />
(3) Dargai producing 15,000 K.W. per year.<br />
(4) Renala Khurd N. A.<br />
(5) Rasul producing 36,000 K.W. per year •<br />
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