CHAPTER RESULTS
CHAPTER RESULTS CHAPTER RESULTS
CHAPTER RESULTS
- Page 2 and 3: 125 CIIAPTER 4 RESTJLTS II,O BIOI-O
- Page 4 and 5: t21 T.bh C-4 &i@ lhddD. ldtdfty bir
- Page 6 and 7: 129 f't]hLl In elt0 td.ttlturrol d$
- Page 8 and 9: l3t Mdr,?or var $bjd€d to. tt v,t
- Page 10 and 11: t3l T!bf. A- | /n rito rddD..r.ridf
- Page 12 and 13: B5 Ilble A-4 /n |t1@ diibd.will cln
- Page 14 and 15: 131 T!br. I-2 h vito i@ticlLrl aori
- Page 16 and 17: ll9 Taturi. dioiu cude .xt&r dtd fi
- Page 18 and 19: C,,tt@ i,red *t€ d$ nudi€d ,r'a
- Page 20 and 21: t43 T.blc P-, tt vrD phy@n( Erivitv
- Page 22 and 23: 45 T!6L P-s /, r,,ro ph''i.roxic !.
- Page 24 and 25: t47 T.bL Pl t /r tto pn'rotxi divny
- Page 26 and 27: l't9 nd l6id size of prltndmst md M
- Page 28: t5l T^b:t V -2 Efrerol Rt@w lnxh oj
- Page 31 and 32: 154 lrbLvaIn uo sttdt s t'ulrdu Ad
<strong>CHAPTER</strong><br />
<strong>RESULTS</strong>
125<br />
CIIAPTER 4<br />
RESTJLTS<br />
II,O BIOI-OCICAL ACTTVITIES OF NATURAL PRODUCTS'<br />
Tt 6dc srirtr'fidiols of Ardit@tua isnca l@ttFLt dioicq Rl@N sElcta'<br />
Sateadotu pcrsi@ utd Cwm rrtSd w!! $bjcicd foi tt v,to !d i' vlfu bioe$av'<br />
iEluding Cyiotoric. Altit i$Eoitl, Attrib-ari.l. lE clicidd AllifnC ttrd<br />
ar. li dr cyaot r|c litdy. Tb bdG CdmF bi6sv plc'due E rbpnd to<br />
@lrdud dE cylo.toxicity nudr.<br />
la.ltftrra i^.!i@ .tt/E .}itul.td it! Astio|! i! ditr rdn $l*nt3 E! 'glljcd<br />
ro<br />
brift sllinF b^e io d.l.miF D virfu qvrobxic ..dvili6. Crudc qr!!d a wll a<br />
mE ofd. ttcrid s foud ql.bxic ctc.pt clrton ffidtldi& TlE Ftt6mg'<br />
rbrr.lity otcltton clr*hldid..l hisnd doe s 03.33% TlE low srd upF dic<br />
@n6rttic w€4.5E0 sxl36.08 |lg/DL E3pccnElv ( IiDL C't<br />
irdJr rr'r'.r, cludc dtst dd firdond.d spl6 wF tl$<br />
'tttploycd<br />
fd th't "<br />
tto crlotoxi. cfFc! tgrinn bric ltlitnF l'*. NoDc ofoF qlid 3ltoxEd 3i8'ifi6m<br />
*tivity dept ie$rml ne Frcdtltg.<br />
noftslitv of m.tl|llDl f'aclon w 73 33%at<br />
0r higltBr @clEaior (Itbtc C4l lttc'nii,ll fif,iBotc!,!l@ lo'at' T@tt<br />
Dloica sd Sdw.latu p.ttlca @ studicd *!.rdclv. NoE of 6c plet<br />
'xt6c1<br />
3noqtd<br />
!i8!i66n -dviy (t!bl6 c-5. C-6 !d C_7).
126<br />
T.blc C-l BnN shribps kndiv biogv olcdL etui/6'chsof1'zdtetl<br />
rilnz in diftffir $lvod<br />
Noof {aivod in tah.ni Sroup<br />
P,E ccti cHcLr<br />
l0 l0 I9 30 l0<br />
30 t0 0l l0<br />
02<br />
@chtaikt:<br />
*i"". u;on v"t' t, nnu@dd.,.dlanrd<br />
iiii r-irj-tit, ii',,tt^^<br />
Llor.tLM<br />
tr' !r:'d*N:t4.ttu<br />
'ha,n tu etdei4 sc'pt c@hoh td"cttdtd'<br />
T.bL C-2 Bn'e shrimgs l.lbdilv bios*! ol 42di@l@ iftlia (CCla Ftt''jol<br />
Ga;#;a;pit @-k<br />
@M wtd, L.to 16365 d'tl<br />
T!bl. C., Bnnc shrirps btulitv bi@v of @dc q@/Fodim of l,dE s!ti'r4<br />
iiiT-wivm in tttrsl gouP<br />
P,E EIO,AC M.OH<br />
l0 !0 l0 2A 3o<br />
l0 30 26 26 ll<br />
t00o 20 22 u<br />
Wld<br />
b't'wd'tsnttd elbhl<br />
7.$25 .]0 0
t21<br />
T.bh C-4 &i@ lhddD. ldtdfty biry ol 818r. tttLla lli&H Ft't6)<br />
l0<br />
l0<br />
l.r<br />
t7<br />
22<br />
r7.109 7t135<br />
SN-k "t*"d "@'ffd "ytutrr etlh Lct| t7 309 F/81<br />
Tlhle C-5 Brin slrinps totnlli9 bi@y of md. dradnrdoB C'ero /o'ga<br />
Noof oPivc i. tr..rn rt gdP<br />
P,E<br />
cHcL.<br />
t0 t0 2C 10 l0 l0<br />
JO ]0<br />
l0 zt 2A<br />
ss* shMlt rc ./e'iti'v.<br />
1-1625 0<br />
Tdbl. C-6 Bnne shinDs lelhalitv bi65av of crud. .$&'frulids ol TMqX Diti'L<br />
No of 3ldivN in lEll@t @!P<br />
P,E cc! cHcL4 ErOAc M.OH<br />
t0 30 l0 l0 l0 2a l0 30<br />
100 t0 30 l0 30 29 30 30<br />
t000 l0 l0 30 .t0 l0 30 29<br />
so,pk n'N
t28<br />
Trbl. C.? Brim dnnp. hrh.lily bioet of cn d. cxtut4idi.ns Sdvad.d AEna<br />
Noof swivw i. trdE Stqp<br />
P.E cct cch<br />
l0 .,0 30 l0 JO 29<br />
tm ,0 l0 30 30 30 30<br />
r0o0 !0 ,0 t0 l0 to ,0 79<br />
sa'* ni'Nda.ru6bty.<br />
1,425 ]0<br />
12. L tlttu.rrl.bh'd&/ .et h ibo amil.tsh@ial &'ivir, ot crutb<br />
'fier<br />
&i fslio@.d @D\!3 of,lztd,@td indL. re t s.d !gti8 L "tqd<br />
(MHOM/PX./SE) ttwing 5r tdP'odrigol.t /nl). Cnlc cxtr d sd cston Lrshlotid'<br />
frsti@ JsN
129<br />
f't]hLl In elt0 td.ttlturrol d$v oa.ldt|ha Nb qe<br />
qnrcfi,.crid le.ind Ldjd (Pd(ir.ni isltL) 6ii8 Arpl$t ri.it'B<br />
sd. Drug<br />
?t.al too 0<br />
1,.t3 6194 t0t<br />
cctr r5.t6 lt37 IXt<br />
cHcLi ?o.62 15.,1 l||0 0<br />
EOC r3t8l ll.0l t||o 0<br />
2t6.14 10.56 tm 0<br />
ie"A!.tdn,!{ sta sc&i'tu I th!.u-.dtldtrt:<br />
lAt. Ld td btmre dh*v: Ntll: Nolad.'d-'tdabtt: P E Padt<br />
-citi ciiidw-, ctt, cnaitd** ttut W t@. tt'ott: rt:dtnt:<br />
iimhat<br />
bb. rdd {Et b loro thd t0 rghl<br />
taak tlw.dtgt@,r "auwca kkhdlddt tY.<br />
Ttbbu2. tn tito ,tn4tt,,,6i.t ',ifliry<br />
ol f@ix .llob q@haid<br />
.gri6t Lmjd (*irrd ioLr.) uinr An olqiciFB o.2Dslnl a d!n!d<br />
-t,<br />
t11.U 29,t0<br />
|l0.4t 45.51 t@ 0<br />
ctr. r''.tt 2515 lo0<br />
CHCLJ tm,9l t0o 0<br />
t!!.5r t7.5<br />
l]t.q ttt? t00
130<br />
T,l,LLS L rt o qdLn'ttu lal divivof&9lttidlasrddtdim<br />
ra.iic Ld.jd Oidd&i i.old.) Eing AmPbortniFB 0.2n!,'l G drd"d<br />
.3.16<br />
ll.tt 6.4<br />
cct4 9t.tt 25.11 t@<br />
cHc|-r t5.:t5 at31 t(D<br />
217.62 t8.ot t00 o<br />
r5.tJ t2.51<br />
S6tL |b'*d det kddbry.<br />
Atdt e.l, . ps. ooF@d % dlo inwniged fo. iB ,t tw rtdt 4rbn<br />
,rirrm,i, FBic! n @[at liotr! of 0.5,0l' t.5 td 02t6 *. t!3p'cliElv Amn!<br />
ib. tlt. tdcr t$o shdiN storlld .iifctlt @rr.&,t@t t' &tivilic! sith lh'ir<br />
D.rccnt.gr ir$ib,ritr of &2 17 .rd 869? %. ElFlirclv. Th' fon|er im elutoB<br />
lho\Gd Dod.rd. &,!ivity qitt tlFir Fttai.ge inbibitio ofst.E !d 6ryq F tctiElv<br />
(flt,l L4t At @n4t ro ltzdtr@tua Mca tlE tEa @Ibojd tza'thact'lin w<br />
droE ctuiE by 3lwiig 86.9x idtibilid (T.bL L{)<br />
rfrFLA tn rltu d,tiLitttmtd divtv of$rva&Ep.Erae addli..tis<br />
.g.h{ Lujd (PLi,r!i i$lr.) qinr Anlh.Gric B olosr'dl a 3bdttd<br />
ro9.tl 100<br />
tt2at<br />
cct4 126,11 10.52<br />
clrcL, 100.93 s.@ t(D<br />
t26.71 19.52 t00 0<br />
t4t.20 35,4t Ito 0
l3t<br />
Mdr,?or var $bjd€d to. tt v,to lebhmdicidd mtdv .glinn lzishtuia ldsites or<br />
Palisrui ielai€. An€r 72 ton, di 05% dd 0t% w& $sFaiotr of lhe 3md6<br />
sho*€
D2<br />
Te .V1 h ritre dtti!.tsls.ttial yJiivnv of A4$ico4 a''ol. I s ttl2%wtt<br />
sFBids !€rid L.s.jd (P.ti!ei iellL) 6i.e anphorricin_B 0 2ngml a<br />
100<br />
t00<br />
71.41 100<br />
82.6r<br />
rdpt rho4d tipfi.tu Nhxr.<br />
,1.3. /, rina utibt t tf.f .crMlr Crud. *ner ot Tzadnachlt tn.lica ltC<br />
ilcridded @pl6 ir diff@t elv.it3 !rcb 6 p.r etts cdoDfonr. @bon<br />
teirachldide, cthyl &et tc ed Dclhlnol qG subj-lcd for it<br />
'it<br />
otibacterial &tivitv<br />
amng dF .xlr&tfilcli@ chloofom A-dot slFved significitl dtivitv tgabn<br />
stapu.l@ds Mrc sd Shis.Ua lewi<br />
*nib mlnaDl freriotr showed<br />
sieDifi@t lclivig ari!!1 ,galtll,'l:l.''m @tu un Pe4L@ MgiM4 aa<br />
nod.rd *tiitr a|4ii9' 9,1g.Ia t6.@t mp.divelv- oth€t lietio6 slD\r€d<br />
EeligibL drivitie ari.4 0Es dg!.in3 Glblc A-l).<br />
The crude dcacr d wll s diff'.tn ff,.tiqs of Ttuit diotcd w'E spplied for<br />
dtibetei.l sntdy noft oflh. fr&tiq showd etib..ldis! lctivitv ('rabk A 2)<br />
Cnde *ract//fFcnons obtrin d tom ih. !.tial Pln ofl/tdla sttcra \@ al$ sludied<br />
against tht alove m€ntioned otgsilmg rh chloofom fi&rion showed siili@t<br />
eiivity aCni.sl all the o€siss included in te lesi excepi Midrcor8 luttu (ftble<br />
A'3)
t3l<br />
T!bf. A- | /n rito rddD..r.ridf -riviry of q& dblvtuiBot 'ltdt'@hto<br />
,dn clffibd* EftllG !r!dd dls Ervtld'tin (lo(,u/nl).<br />
Din i.. ofdE ofit0ibtid i! nD<br />
P.E<br />
CHCLJ<br />
ccr.<br />
t2+ | t.5<br />
2tr I.5<br />
t5+ 1.5<br />
TJL A-2rt r&elrit cril..tn ity of o!d.qttt/itciGof fffn D&id.a<br />
sdtrF.rt dE Efqqe r-d!d du! E tltMt i. ( loorg/ml}<br />
ttdl.-orag ofiil Mhin m.<br />
PE<br />
cltc|-,<br />
cct<br />
t(El<br />
lt +0J
Tlr mctllml'nd w'!.r fi&liodt of x^@r{ tt.ra tu<br />
t34<br />
3i8lific{t eiilc Pd dlE'<br />
crton t6..tldi4. lDd.i6y' @ 6.cli@ 3!oq!d Egli8ibl. *riviti'6 tglilr n'd<br />
ofth olstni.d (I!bl. A-3).<br />
Ch& crrrr'r s rtl tt chld orE dxittDl rld erdr i!.li@ of el@tu pqsra<br />
showd liglljfic. anih..lairl !.1iviri6 !s.id difEnd orsailo! (f.blc A4)<br />
Cw<br />
lor',qj,d€.tflaJd A*:!io|a.d 3!dpl6 in diftttd slv.na re sbj"Ld<br />
for etb..tn.l sliviliB indg lhd. cnd. Gxti.' chl@fornl mcdunol 3nd mtlr<br />
ns6c slo$td ligDificll slivilB .g.id tr. ltoE Eotiod dg.tdor qhib Fr<br />
.rlEr. crtor ctlchldidc.d ctltyl et c rhowd o.siiSibL e ih"lqi'l rclivili6<br />
Tr6L A-3 L v/@ nrib..ltit -rivnv of6i. ad.t rfttci@ o'X'4vrtrz<br />
MD.E to |h. aacGE rdd.d drug Eryrlnnttn! (loOICnl)<br />
I)i.n r- of<br />
's oa ilhititin in 4.<br />
TE<br />
cltcu<br />
ccl.<br />
2t4l 30* tJ JI<br />
2lal<br />
t2t t.5<br />
do&-idnryqls/N et,,,s*, slta P eB Ear'tttdtdffit<br />
-sd.tlnd
B5<br />
Ilble A-4 /n |t1@ diibd.will cln iD ul rud. .fu'fdiob<br />
"f lr'uld A'r&<br />
cm'm lo Lfie Ef€e studrd drus Er}{hNnJ cin I I00u/ml)<br />
ffi.of-*ri*iui-r..<br />
II+I<br />
231 | z2 lo3<br />
t31l<br />
07+ |<br />
t2+ t.5<br />
2t40-5 )l4 l<br />
)8 + 0.5 J241.5<br />
' ---<br />
sMpl. l@ M^'tt osot"tE an<br />
dnwed eetiltd rctbbt .qont a t@ ; tt*r dtuz. JeF<br />
-<br />
1 ibk A-5 /, vitu dibdtirl divity ols* slttd/tdiG of Che '4o<br />
@n!.8 to rh< Elffi rnddl &ug kt'rhmrin ( I mtt!/nl)<br />
DLn idofdGof i ibhid i. m<br />
PE<br />
cc!<br />
l9t I 2t + 0.5 20a I<br />
20+r<br />
t0+ I 28 * 0.5 Jl a 0.t .llrl .l)+0.1<br />
atrt' M;. Mj'-,,].. d6; tu'dAieM<br />
i|*'d ds"thcd dbltt asaid hat
l16<br />
.1.4, /, rto l$etlcid.l .dnity: tbr it t/to iosliciiltl sludv thc Eoe comon<br />
iB.rs ltibolfua .dta@un. Rhvzopenha dontntca atn Calloobtuchu Mlis werc<br />
snbjectql lo .tl plmls .xr6ct!4ia.tioa individu.llv<br />
)adwcl,la i,.lica 6r& at.4t@rbon Lt! chldide ed ndniml teljons of slFsEd<br />
signiicdn im$ricidd a.rivitis tgltrtsrltlboliun cast@M. RhJtoPc ha Nd<br />
'bnini'd<br />
aflosobwht Mlis. st le p€t ethd. chtorefom ad ethvl acctltc ffttio$ sho*€d<br />
low dd ne-qligible adivni€s Onbb Ll) rbntix diolca crud' dt@tfBtionaled<br />
sd€ }* siu
131<br />
T!br. I-2 h vito i@ticlLrl aoriviry ol ctui'.fretttuion T@w:rdbnL<br />
Pmdnrin 235.71Elo' u*d 6 tud.ld dntl.<br />
P.E<br />
n @!*r rsLliN<br />
0<br />
25 0<br />
,0 20<br />
xrd)E rticrd crud. .t'el qnd ndiot{.d @pl6 9d sntdi€d agaiin the abov€<br />
ndlioEd theo itMli cidc de- @!o! Lt! ctl@do chlmf@ ad n'lh'ml<br />
frlqtiois shosrd siSnificul activilies .gpr$i ditrwd insdt whilc pcl ethd ard e$yl<br />
@t{. showd rerli8ibl. lnd oo activilv f3pdi*lv (Tabl€ l-l)<br />
tulvo.k'ro E si@ 8d CMa l@aa exts|v ticli@ ** nudi€d agtiis rb' abov'<br />
netni@.d itr$t. &lwdnd?t'rtca sho*ld no efect d dll (IabL l-4). *lile b ct!' or<br />
c/.!ua /o,sa only meiheol fraciion shosd 3ig'ificdt eiivitv (Table l_5)<br />
T.bb l-3 In ,ri@ i@liciLl divitv of dud..{r.r/is&N olllzx on&<br />
P.mdrin 235.?l ttg/ori $.d s {td!n dus<br />
Pc@t eeI9!4L_<br />
P.E cc14 cHcL)<br />
20<br />
l0<br />
t0<br />
i;E tuii6;<br />
0<br />
@^fr;A;;i;'tfuii,t sctt 'a.1<br />
tk'to4 lho'ed !?'dkd Nttoxt$
1t8<br />
Tablo l-4.r, vitu i@licidal aotivitv of qud€.xtlodn*ions ofla&'d"a paic!<br />
Pennelhrin 215.? | uCcF': used s sbndltd drus.<br />
P,E ccr. cHcLr<br />
l5 25<br />
20 0 o 0 100<br />
0<br />
Tl'Ll-51'tlbinsricddrtiYtrv olc &6@t/fidjo$C@to'to<br />
P.m.lhrin 23t 71lrg/cm: usd 6 sltd.d ddg<br />
cHcfl<br />
ffii.d.,n;;das'indeh4<br />
.|J. ft tlt udn .g.t .cihitv: Crude extlct fiactod of the aboYe nention€d plmls<br />
'!G $bjeicd fo. i, vito t inDgtl stldi6 tgaiGr tutgi st'I\ a lilhowo"<br />
lonEijsis, AsPeryi\E JlM Cadidd olhtcM Midosporun c@is atd |wriw<br />
sdldr,, Esp@tirely. flF .dte €xta.t s wll 6 all offte tactioa of Azadir@hta lndica<br />
3howd tiifidt e$vni.s asliDsl difcnt tuDgi (Iable F_ r ,'
ll9<br />
Taturi. dioiu cude .xt&r dtd filction.Ld wples wde siudi'd dgainsi difierent<br />
turgi s me.IioEd t!ov.. Tne @de qtrd. pel. ethd dd neth@l filttions sbowd<br />
siSni6@l 4ti!ili6 aSrjn$ Dosl oflhe oBoiss Chloofom *dd od elhvl acdale<br />
riictiotu shos€d ncslieibL o. no adivig d tll (Table r_2) Rh4ta stticta shov'6<br />
sieriticd! &livitis againn diff@t orgdisns. while cNd' *tod !€t<br />
ether' csbon<br />
&tE hldi.t , ctbyl der't. a!.1 *zl€r t!.tio6 oflbe eid plttt 3lbqld FSlisibl' tnd @<br />
@rilitis. Bletiwty 6 @npor.d wilh lhc !t!td!d dru-! Oabl' F-l)'<br />
Trbbr'l ,' v@ Antfulglt erivirt of c.dc e|tuvfidiN ol rz&r"c<br />
,",*- -* o rr* -ti.*- r-,Ll 'ius<br />
Anptddicin B 0 2'l'r<br />
Di.mdd of d6 or i.h'biiid in 44<br />
P.E<br />
22+1-5 29!l<br />
]0 +0.t<br />
08+ l t.t<br />
:lrl<br />
;; ;;;sa'Ft=:;-'n;;amtm sd wa F df'Bdd,ur:<br />
i7q ii6,- w*" t n-' krolrk rz\4 c !! t:"dtd'<br />
e^ y:!f<br />
'iiil&iiTii; il"iii;;d;'a;: iid; "t*"dlsfi<br />
d dni@ "s'tu<br />
dt
T.bk F-,2 ln v,tu anlitulC dirny olcd& escvliE im or rtud<br />
d'od @m@F b d. cre;oc Mndttd Jrus \hphoFilin B a2dl''<br />
i.hib'd.4!4!<br />
P.E<br />
cHcLr<br />
cc!<br />
It +01.5<br />
-h.@Idoof<br />
2311<br />
ffi;ffiaiifr..s di6.z.hda aE'kffii"4t r'to"zilnsL' di cab@<br />
T.bl. f-l /' v,m A ifu.s.l &livi! of dud. c'fu,''lcltod or R'a! rtidr'<br />
@n@ ro the ref.m@ sbdtrd A nPnot*icin B 0 2nx/nr<br />
Ditr@ or d6 of innibitim in !!<br />
P,E<br />
CHCLJ 2l *0.51<br />
ccr.<br />
26+l<br />
sMPh lh^ed ry'ad @^'v<br />
2Jrl<br />
l3 + t_5<br />
Sdiad@ pe'i.t e*ttlft*im *w sobjc{.d for<br />
'i'<br />
t'to elitung't edviti6 Tte<br />
chloofom ed nein&ot ftt iios sho*.d ligtifiod a.liviri6 ar;!i'sl ndi of ll)e nrSi'<br />
$tile crud. dlr..1 Det .ihd. carhon i.nlchtond' sGr dd €rhvl acrde showd<br />
reCligibtc !d d &livily. cperiv.lv (I!!L !'a).
C,,tt@ i,red *t€ d$ nudi€d ,r'a aglrnn &e ahoE trmtiot|cd fiDgi Nd' oflh'<br />
eiEsv8&lic snowd sigtriEqm &dtugrl &livitv lgtitui uv tvF of orgtds<br />
(l!bl. F-5)<br />
T'hlc f-4 .t irv Arlif'dFt diyn' otsu& dn-t&did ofs'ur'z<br />
Pdd cdEoF b rh Ffqw r;'dtd dls Anptdiih B 42ap'i"<br />
P.E<br />
-i.|6orzffiolinnibi.imiq!!<br />
19+ 1.5<br />
It r l.t<br />
r@'pt. 'h.q.d<br />
,snqbd adatY<br />
f.bl. F_5 /t 4?E AntiuEal divit ofcod' 'xfrct6-&rios<br />
ofcffi4u<br />
/oa@ com@ @ th. rfRne 'llndld<br />
dflE AnphtrnciD B 42"f tr<br />
Di|t|erof aFof inhibirim in mm<br />
PI<br />
CHCLI<br />
cclj<br />
I+I<br />
08a l 07+15<br />
t2 ! 0-5<br />
Itrl.5<br />
l]*1.5
t42<br />
,.6 /r rrlD plrrototic .ctlvity: All ofthc above mendoned pllnls extlcis/ fiadios<br />
q6 dplord fo. itrGliedi@ rlen tt t D phltobnc poFri6<br />
Cntde extrad^?cdon t d sdples of A.odl@hta tu6ca i ln ditrftnr sohqrs showd<br />
sigri,icdt phrtotqic etivitid !t hi8*t co.cnilltiotu, Tn€ p€rcc'rsse activili's d<br />
hio.n @ndtlrions {1000 Pslnl)<br />
ofcrudc .xtEc1. €tt'n ttnchtdd' chl@rm cnd<br />
n|clndol frdic of w t-J, r.5. 90 md 87 5 %. Bpetiwlv (T!bl6 P-2 P- l P- 4' !!d<br />
P- 5). Whil€ ,et. €lba ed .lhvl a.ebte filctioB showd nesligibl' &tivin6<br />
T.bre Pr /, vrt phlotoxic altitr Atli^t ta i'Ll,, @& "rtu'ta'tiotu<br />
r8rin<br />
L.tuniw sinqgt4!^u0t16 |0/nl B std dDr-<br />
N;or ffisfli4<br />
i. lEt|ml sroup<br />
ccL<br />
l0 ll l2 t0 25 0<br />
29 l3 l0<br />
0l & 05<br />
T.bfe P-2 /' ,rp Ddyrddn atvity /'ni,shb btlt:a @e.fi,al €NBTI,m<br />
rrn' 6ins Pu{ul 0 0176 |t8/nl B slddn4:<br />
27 t2.5<br />
t00 2t 425<br />
0l<br />
su'ph d(^na onivia<br />
'hot.d
t43<br />
T.blc P-, tt vrD phy@n( Erivitv.rrer'tu&a ud" (Cthon coaliofl&l 4diNr<br />
l?ro dtl utinB P!44d 0 01 76 ICml 6 srd d e<br />
o0r76<br />
sdl thdN.n<br />
'ituitud tutub.<br />
Tabk r- 4 h vltu pfittctuic &rivv ,zntuhb bdiu \Cmo6te6\^Edulr I@<br />
6!{ P3!4u!r 0 0176 tlCnl s Sd drul"<br />
"d<br />
l0 !2 20<br />
l0o l0<br />
s&pk rhor.A rip4ld ..ti'rr<br />
TrblcP-5 /I vtpDlylobn @dti9,4,alr@,t' hr'id {M'lh@l n&tiotr){8ti"rl<br />
]tu niw rsa^gPdz{@t 0 0116 FgDl d Srd drue<br />
ssPh she.t! 'tpt4icd<br />
@tui<br />
25<br />
t7<br />
57.'<br />
05 87.5
TM& tlioica crud. €ttE t and tn toded sPtd wr! subj@l6d for r rtto<br />
phytotonc ndu.& NoE of th. dt*tfrt lid shos.d phrr'rioxic<br />
'tu d erv<br />
@ncrtralio. (Tlbtc P-6). Crude extld 6 wcll s tsdm of xldtg rttt'd i' ditreF l<br />
solrcnb n@ dudicd .r;u81 lelu nircr l, vlto phttotoxic &tiutv An@8 th*<br />
cnrdc qrnc! orbd icta chldide ed tn oDd tn tod showd sislifitu! phyotoxic<br />
!.livity d bend .ottmldid virh rbcir F@!t ge divilid E5' 77-5 'A t0%'<br />
Gspeclively (Tabl.s P'8. P_9 Md P' l0)<br />
T$LP5fi tu phylololic acliv ig TMit dtui.r 'tu& 'xtrctltuioN<br />
tgdii{ /dm<br />
rr@ Giis Pldaurr 0 OU6 us/nl a Sld- dtug'<br />
No6f nldsgriE i. tt t"ei srut<br />
.]8<br />
ccl cHcLl McOH<br />
0.0176<br />
0<br />
36<br />
T$f. P-? /r ,,1rc phybroxic eii ftt Rhdto fitctd crud'z anldJfa(ri@ Wnnsi<br />
/e'ro rt@ Bing PlEqulr 0,01?6 |r8/n! a Stddru&<br />
Noof iitrrdtmir. ii tqtn..t eNP<br />
t0<br />
|^i-"fr<br />
cf!<br />
CHCLJ<br />
2a<br />
20 26<br />
l5 2l 23<br />
;;6;'tu*N*-'d""ddiiotbttio''hNed\knnd&h6
45<br />
T!6L P-s /, r,,ro ph''i.roxic !.tvnt tu4.t ltrt tu (@tu.tttturr,{Iirlrl@ ni@<br />
uss ltdrqulr 0.0t 76 lrgfnl a srdrtlg<br />
t0 21.5<br />
t(x)<br />
t00o 3r,00<br />
sNpI.:tnva.! stE lled dtutY<br />
N<br />
T.Dk Pa tI y@ tlvbroxic *!ivi9 Ardw tt@ (C!6on rdrahkti'L Ddid)<br />
.srinsr i.d, ',;<br />
6irs P!"Aud 0 0l?6 uynl 6 Sld dus,<br />
IO ?T<br />
t00<br />
ta<br />
suPk tlwd '4'41@<br />
@tutd<br />
T.bL P'lo In ,iog Diyr.rolic eliviy fl@re sti, (Mdhml tdiod) t€'insl L@<br />
,rrm' sine Po!.q!.1 0.0175 rrdml G Sld dos<br />
ll<br />
to00 OE E0.m<br />
s@pk sh.sad shnwd 'di'tr
!116<br />
Sdlradora pe$ica e\r@ts w sfidted agdnsr lema hint tor phtloldic activ'lB<br />
Neithcrth. crul€ dir&t noi&y ffacri@ 3ho$!d sie flcam activitv (-l alle P-l I)<br />
T.bL Pl Lr vih ptrytororic &1i it S.nvubtu p.Bi@ cn'& 'x'lrcl/ftutim<br />
agridt<br />
/d,,, ,i,o' using Pudqut 0 0176 llCml s std dtug<br />
Noof iodssaiv. in lt!.indt gmuP<br />
P-E cct CHCLl<br />
l0 18 33<br />
\2 l5<br />
3o<br />
3I<br />
calcna lo,gt ctt1. .xbact sd ftaciioEtcd sPles \{G subj4led fot i' r'to<br />
phtlotoxic studies, Crude qt&l 6 wll $ chloofod ed d'thNl fietions shovtd<br />
lisnift@l phytoroiic *livitid (1abt6 P'14. P- l5 ard P- l6)<br />
T.bL Pl2 ,r tih ph'4olonc divilv Ced ldle cn dc cxo&/f'$$dr 4titur<br />
lm niM sia9Pd'4luto-o116 ug/ml 6 Sd-&ue!<br />
No of n$
t47<br />
T.bL Pl t /r tto pn'rotxi divny C4tw ,"i!sq Gnne dEl) '*ltd<br />
lem<br />
ri@ 6ins Pn{ul 0.0176 ll{r'd s Stdrnug<br />
t0 0<br />
29 21.5<br />
I00o t0 7t.00<br />
seet dffid<br />
'8,141@<br />
dituv<br />
r lbh P- l a l, v'1@ phyr.lqi diviq Ccfir /dsz (ctloofm as'iNr<br />
,.,@ cin! Pn{u10 0 | 76 F!r'd d sld ltrllE. 'Erid)<br />
'd<br />
sqd. stw.d ttsnlid dbtY<br />
T,bL Pl5 ,, vtz DhrLloric dlivD Ct,ld r/vas (Me{!El falrd) +tird<br />
t tu riw @ingPuado 0176 FCml6 Siddrug<br />
sert 'tE<br />
.d'r?Vaa4<br />
l] t1,5<br />
t5 62.5<br />
06
t48<br />
1.1. Is itu a llekhwhlal ettdigr in ntc.l<br />
tt riw dtileishn@idl *ndi6 ot tn€ aborc @nlioded pldts exn! is wr Frfomed in<br />
30 bie vnch ** divi(M itr si\ ercup3. ceh goup m codpri*d ol fiYe nie<br />
alFdy infsr.d d Gll h@ eirh Ool'n! leittnni1t cultuE hwing 3'ld<br />
pronNtigoteslnl. Fot 35 d^vs all the mi* Ft'ioed uEealzrl th€n d'dlfd Oe l6io6<br />
sire of all ni..4d detemined the nes. 'lhe p@heatFenl m€d ldiom 3id orthe<br />
Grcw l.2, l.4, 5 md 6<br />
'l@ 15.5 211.lJ2 2l8' r91 {\d 13l Eh Gpecl1v€tv<br />
Anr 35 dlys ofinfe.tio. nie gtuup 1.2 3 sd 4 l@ tre6led {ith 01 02 03 and<br />
't<br />
04"/0w/$ of Aadiffhta ltdid @d€ dtn't ointndn dFcrivelv Orcup 5 6 it'al.:d<br />
with slanddd dru8 (15% Pmoonv€i. oi me + 12% M€rhvl bedoth'niw chlorid€)<br />
Cnu! 6 M Elld.d c @gatiE 6nt!t tsr'rt Pith bla't ointn'nt (lable V l)-<br />
T@hF teord of .tl th* greup6 ed l6iot sis R* norcd e*ry 6k duing<br />
tRtn@r !p to 30 dtys. @dinued tne rhc sludv in irEd em{F up to 120 dlvs uiil<br />
conpletely cu.d, $!ile in ilE negative conirol grolp the 6dr *6 eorded up to 130<br />
dals. AAer 30 days it arnenl wit\lr '42adituclta indita crnde eitad ointnd1s tn€<br />
6A€.tiE m.m t6io$ si6 ofg$p 1.2.3 dd 4 9@ Edued lioh l5 5lo 7 6' 217<br />
b5.7. ll.2lo 1.8 mald218 io2.5<br />
'n Gpedv'lv rhe pet'nttg' cui'd rd' i!<br />
gmp 1.2,1ed4 Et 50.96. ?5.9t. E6'36 4d s8 53oz dFclieely (Table v_l)- Mice<br />
h Croup 5 wed iFal.d with standard ointn€nr @ult rcdtre $e m@ lsion siE Aon<br />
l9.7lo L7 6m lbowi4 91 37% €ltd die ln o'Sdtive ontrol (grcup 6) nice ireated<br />
vih pl@to oiftnot ({iihour dng) tftd 30 dqs Lqlnmt r!' lesroG ofdl die i!<br />
Mtd goup wr netsuEd tnd dclmincd rhc nrd l6io! sia omped wft tne
l't9<br />
nd l6id size of prltndmst md MIded th. rdutls Th@ I signjn'dlr ift'Ee in<br />
thc l6ion sift sh s tDm l3.l lo 69 ? m ftc peNntsse Fc in rbis sol4 wa<br />
'!Ed<br />
zcb pena . Co inwd th€ s$dv drihetlv one nose ou1 ofnve *s di'd on dlv 45 md<br />
lwo dEl@ di.d tdga 60A..d d.t!t5 duilglttd'oi rBletiElv (l-able V l)-<br />
|rhL\-t EPtdrol lzaliwhta ind,z obm d &!AmE MFr in Albino n'*<br />
- v{h' t h."-th.nium chldidc r' ! sdrd 'inlmoi<br />
",iicp*...r"i"<br />
Md l6id 3ir. r (m)<br />
5<br />
,5 5/5<br />
1t.,147.5<br />
86.36<br />
5 3t.51 515<br />
02 217+1.2<br />
0l<br />
t20<br />
515<br />
5 19.7 4.5<br />
9t_t7<br />
5<br />
rHn,i,bnr',s4oottsadtdtutzMnt'd'edbe-'ltEe'1a'noda<br />
'ini,liii-"i* t tc,*qda 4:t'rced*<br />
@a Ytue N m' d'2du 'tq<br />
ttiiai., n" aoa *.-,6a th o^d o0 k<br />
"*" 'tat'<br />
TIE @bptelely cud of.ll oe in grcup' I w uP 10 120 tLF $iil€ in groul!2' 3 dd<br />
4 re sith in 90 d.F Gable v' I) ln s'!ur 5 (posiri* co'tFl) all mice lr*<br />
cmlLr.ty cutd villt in 6lt ddF h c4 of th' Egdile gretp slatcd win Pl4bo<br />
oinrrn€d {witlFlt dmg) th€ lr1@ t*ion siz' s dtldged md ultiMtelv casine he<br />
deat ofa Gt nicc $tilc l[e .uEd de w0! ztlo p€Eert (Table v_ l )<br />
't. daiD:rt.rlE i, rt@ sttteish@b! etjriry ot Rfu4a \hkta 'NAe<br />
exrE r oErncnl<br />
in nie. slc pdtaot of sludv sid DetodoLogv w tdopted- ]tu oirhdls s$osed<br />
nodede io significani aciivitiG an t 30 dsys t!stn@l' bv t€ducing ih' 6peiv€ neD
150<br />
t6ion sie fid. I ?-l to 6 5. 2t.? ro 4.6 ard 15 2 ro ? 5 &d 25 ? nn to I 5 m itr e$up<br />
l.2.3 dd 4,GF.tirctv (l.ble v_2) llF Frnitc€ cd€d rd6 tnd ]0 tLvs wc<br />
62.42. ?8.80, 83-55%. dd 84 86% in gtulF]. 2. 3 sd 4 Bp€'tircly s @npared wilh<br />
0r. pdretMl 6d l4io! si* Obbt. V_2) lre'tnmt m @ntinud to nie in ttl<br />
grou!6 till @mpl€rcly cued dd e$tts 9ft E orded d dlr 30' 60' 120' ed lEo'<br />
6I..titty. h grouFt ald erou+2 nie *F Mpl€r'lv cEtd uP lo 120 ald 90 dty3'<br />
rcspectively. Whit. nicc i. Ctoup l. dd 4 conpterclv curtd with in 60 Gablev_2)<br />
'l$5<br />
Mie cmup 5 !!ded with standard oinln@t conrajlina lt% pdrcmoqtin s'n6rc<br />
pls t2% {Ar ne|hylb.!4rhoaiu chlotid' sho$td Frcnraee c@d Ere 95-12%<br />
dolded jlBl aft.t lo d.vs r.c'het( bv r'duing $e ttr6 l6ion sia in mic fiom 20'5<br />
ro Loo m. vhile mice l6io6 in dis goup *€ onpletelv cuFd wirn in 60 davr<br />
iEameit (table v_2) Mic is gtuup 6 we t!'ted with plrclbo ointned (*nnool<br />
drud whicb show€
t5l<br />
T^b:t V -2 Efrerol Rt@w lnxh ojnlmnl on lgiJ,tu'l mjor in Albino ni€ urng<br />
psonomlcin + Medryl btuthenium d 0 {lndctd o'nlmot<br />
No of qur.d hic.<br />
90 120 t30<br />
or 62,42 515<br />
78.81)<br />
2.5 +0J 81.55<br />
84.86<br />
20.5 !43 95.12 5/5<br />
Edq4a utdw 4'' r'trF<br />
ii:i;k i*;;i;;an;fi6<br />
*.ii i ii* ,;;"a i.'p *.i,/ htu6 ttf @ d't' d*'e "d "M<br />
0/3 0/.1<br />
l2adt@kin (t'te @69.rrn) w .te subjcd'd for it liM sn'dv in<br />
'rtiteri'Mi'l<br />
mie ehictr sho*ed sie 6@t sdtt in FiG S@ Pret@l of sdv B sppli'd urd'r<br />
tn. sinild ondirim. Bul ditr enl oEntFlioN of ointurs *e used Mi@ in<br />
Iroupn Ir* t@ted sirh 0j% ,'t ddiro.i'nt oitt cn! the petdlage c@l 6re a<br />
50.73% (Table VJ), Grcup_2, 3 sd 4 seF leiild wjth 0l r'5 ard 0270s/* ointncnl'<br />
d@tiv€lv. Ans 30 dlvs r..l6.d ih.n Frcdtlge cuF{t Fles wrc 79 69 83!0 dd<br />
93.58%, Esp.€dvely Tbe Fdnilge cord 6t' of iand'd oilhdt Bd in gro!p_5<br />
w 95.12% (table v-3) GmF6 r.st d *ith pls'bo obhd lhe lltd l6oc siz' of<br />
nic. in ths stoup 6 iNM!.d s comptrd wilh pFttueDl Dd lsid 3id dd<br />
slbqils zre Fre.t cur.d d. Cqninuc
l5l<br />
4A, Id ti@ Artit k,t@ial $rdis in hrDr! b.irB:<br />
Flnlr doubl. blitd ddoniz.t @ntDil.d ttials weF perfodd iD hm'n b'iug3 lo<br />
ehtul€ ihc.fr*tivoe$ of oidnefi co tini^g keiituchtd indicu crude ext6ct {l€31<br />
sple) veBE rcelmire drinodile (Gluatnire) injeiion (slandsd/Ffdence) in |tE<br />
ndrment of culrleoE leishnnisis A. iolal oI 600 patists *€ refcftd to the<br />
chsdt! M.dical Clblteca H@pir.t. r.ltrnt sindh for ioid'l diagMis od ol fie 200<br />
pdi.nis mel $e indNid ctireri! tui dd.':t'rut@l rraldst lltc Patiors wF<br />
divid.d @ddnly ilto fou souF rh6 ttltnsn go'4F td m ont'll arcut 50<br />
Dariems in @h croup (llble v4) DEog tn' nd visl PFireaEndt l6ion of d'h<br />
pati.nt in sll thee erouF w€re mesur.d PholoeBpbr w€ dtwn befoF ard *tcr<br />
tEalJn.nl in all tne .6*. lbe ned omb€r o{ l6ion per patidl M l 3 ed |h' n'd<br />
ldion sia oftn€ pafdts in gmup 1 2.3 ed 4 wG 12' l5 l-l and 12 cn"<br />
Bpe.liEtY ( l.ble v4)<br />
Pbriors in Ooulr 86 ftded wnn tk sde oinrdsr dc; CouF2 widr rle<br />
cmbih.tion of injecdon @daining ln. nsdltd dtus (Gl@tine) pls die pl'cebo<br />
oi.tm.nii in couF3 sit! conbination of both the inje'ti@ mntaidng ihe 3t'r&rd dDg<br />
plus ihc ssnple ointn€nq dd in crcup-4 lco'rot) *ilh lhe plaebo ointnenr 6lon' fo!<br />
2l consudve days in @h c4- lte c@ rlr€ s6 84% (the birlcn) in GJsuFs<br />
(trd.d w$ sddard drue plu len enplc). fouo*ed bv 760Z in Oreuel(trai'd qiitt<br />
spt. oiltm.nl aloE). 66% in GreuPz ltd oltv 6% in Greup a (@!toD GF{iwv<br />
Lll€r on th. patienls wm followd ad chct'd dcry ml duing th€ 661 di6 weks<br />
ed ih.i foltosed by ch6k ups anlr l. 3.5. ed 12 60 hs ft€ lsions sd indudlloE<br />
ar4 w.re ndsurd ed calculat€d sepsdiclv fo! o( @rd
154<br />
lrbLvaIn uo sttdt s t'ulrdu Ad ttu& ilrug oinl|Mr m Fli''<br />
t;;;;-''" cl*di" hn) *cictr *s u!€d s {'.nd!'d druu<br />
--No<br />
"f o.i-b rn .i;m<br />
':o'c^E<br />
ffi#:'tr!<br />
50 !!<br />
1.3<br />
l3 ]L<br />
11<br />
l_l<br />
1!_<br />
3<br />
",#,Tl:,I:H;I:'&;il;#;,Tiiiii;Ln;*" ^* zadsre b'dv * sh!<br />
'rd<br />
'ii"itilii-ii<br />
',*-.*<br />
i"*' o,'" ofud @n\r oinmdt Id :t '1,'<br />
6nq a<br />
'6 Rtua "h<br />
- "a. "*: n 4 @iL Elr s'dd o drzto Ltdtd tudadd'v<br />
'alw<br />
Similary !, vt studv w&s els pdfootd i' hum b€ins on "!:ail'ia"di'<br />
(pG<br />
compoud) oidrftnt on pdient3 *ith.ur4@6 /ets"d'6b- S8' pFt$ol ofstudid<br />
@ applied d in thc pEvios studv. Duita |hc f6l Yisil patFarrhcnr l*ion of dh<br />
paii.nt in oll $6e gouF w@ d6$'d Phobgnlhs r* dnM b'foF ad ind<br />
iEaioent in all lhe css.s |ne b@ no of l.sion pd patimrs M' I 5 dd lhe nem lesion<br />
sizc of tl€ patis$ in grelFl, 2. I dd fou *@ 1 5' r'2 1 4 sd l lcm dFcl'vcrv<br />
u<br />
!<br />
L<br />
Pan$ts i! c@Pl s@ tEr.d wil! thc s4ple oilhdt (01%vw t2dirrcltin) atorci<br />
OouF2 silh th. conbinaiion of ini.ciiot conlliMs the st$dard drue (c!&stine)<br />
ds the plc$o oinftcd; in GouP3 wilh combiMdon of bofi th' i'i€ctiod coftrin'ne<br />
th. sddard tttus ptB Oe @Ple oiturettt ed in onra (n's'tiw wid thc<br />
'ontol)<br />
ptebo ointnerf alo... for 2l coljgutis ttlvs in eeh @T 'llE cN Ere *6 86% (ih'<br />
highest) in GrcupJ (treaied with sl@dad drug pls le$ sanph) followed bv 80% in
155<br />
GtuuF(reaicd wifi sple ointnetrt olonc). 78'10 in GrcuF2 md o'lv {J4% in cmup 4<br />
{mgEtiE co'itrel), dpcliwlv (lhble V'5) t'c' on ilE palidrs lw folloEd s'd<br />
ctleked *ry ret durine t[. 6rn $e wlc. ed rb'n folloqe