3. - usaid

HECAP ON W0RT.mIDE COmmONs
USG
U. S. voluntary Agencies
$65,996,300
11,031,631
$ 77,027,931
United Nations (UNICEF & WFP)
Caritas, International
World Council of Churches
Other Nations
6,862,320
740,600
1,158,756
74,122,400
$ 82,884,076
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Total Contributions - A ll Sources
$159,912,007
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BACKGROUND AND HISTORY
Af'rica as a Whole
In any consideration of the emergency, it is important to bear in mind the
way in which African nations developed and their attitude toward territorial
change
&colonization, Boundaries and Institutional F'rameworks
The process of decolonization--most of it in the past ten years-has
resulted in 42 independent states on the continent and its off-shore
islands. The boundaries were not drawn in Af'rica by Af'ricans for Af'rican
- reasons and purposes, but by Eumpean colonial
powers. Last in the process were a host of
AFRICA
ethnic, religious, and econcmlc consideratians
which could have resulted in different and
more logical units and boundaries. Within
the boundaries little effort was made to
facilitate internal comnunications among
Aflrlcans which might have laid the framework
for future nationbuilding and cooperation
among natims. Moreover, In the earlier
colonial period, under authoritarian political
structures, national institutional frameworks
were absent.
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In the late colonial period, an effort was
made to reverse these policies, and for the
most part brief periods of self..govemnt
preceded independence. Yet the institutions
that emerged were often fragile and out of
tune with the needs and aspirations of
Af'rican societies.
Attitude Toward Territorial Change
The African governments have reacted to these inherited weaknesses by
taking a strong position against territorial change by force or subversion.