il\VOLVEMENT OF RETII\OIC ACID II{ - MSpace at the University of ...

[.g. Attempts for reducing cardiotoxicity
I. g. 1 .Dose and schedule optimization
I.g.2.Search for less toxic analogues
I. g. 3. Calcium-channel b lockers
I. g.4. Antioxidant protection
16
t7
17
T7
18
II. Oxidative stress
ILa. Introduction and general facts
II.b. Molecular mechanisms of free radical injury
II.c. Antioxidant Reserve
23
23
24
25
III. Apoptosis
III.a. Introduction
III.b. Apoptosis and Heart Failure
III.a.1. Death receptor pathway
III. a. 2.Mitochondrial pathway
III.b.1. Stimuli that elicit cardiomyocyte apoptosis in
heart failure
III.b.2.The role of Bcl proteins in hèart failure
III.c. The role of oxidative stress in cardiac apoptosis
26
26
27
27
29
30
30
JJ
IV. Retinoic acid
IV.a. Introduction and chemical structure
IV.b. Retinoic acid metabolism
IV.b. l .Retinoic acid s¡mthesis
IV.b.2.Retinoic acid transport
34
34
35
36
38
ii