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PÀRT iI MODIFiCATION OF THORNTON'S (1977 ) OANN ADAPTÀTiON TEST ÀND MEÄSUREMENT OF DÀRK ÀDÀPTÀTION
Chapter 7 iNTRODUCTION Vitamin A deficiency is a major cause of preventable blindness in the world' especially in the third world countries. The problem is common in pre-school and school-age children. It has been estimated that up to 100,000 children become blind from vitamin À deficiency every year (McLaren, 1965). Nutrition intervention programs, which include activites to detect hypovitaminosis À (vitamin A deficiency) among children, could reduce the prevalence of xerophthalmia and blindness among populations at risk. The earliest clinical sign of hypovitaminosis À is night blindness. Night blindness is a decrease in the retinal sensitivity to light under dinr light condition (a decrease in dark adaptation ability). External synptoms of hypovitaminosis À, such as corneal, and conjunctival xerosis and Bitot's spotsr câIl not be used to detect early hypovitaminosis À, since these symptoms are not reflected during the early stages of development of the deficiency. Serum retinol (the active forn of Vitamin A in the blood) level is not a reliable measure of early hypovitaminosis À in individual subjects because of the wide range of border-line values where viLamin A dependent rod function may or ¡nay not be affecÈed (carney and Russel1, 1980). Moreover, serum retinol revels could be affected by a lack of Retinol Binding Prolein even when liver retinol stores are adequate (pitt, i981). A culturally based history of dark -58-
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NUTRTTiON SURVEY METHODS: EXPERiENC
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NUTRITION SURVEY I{ETHODS: EXPERIEN
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standardize a 1O-Second Dark Àdapt
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Finally, I wish to thank my wife, s
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.Vítamin A deficiency, a prevalent
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¿. RESUTTS 30 Data Cleaning 30 Des
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LIST OF TÀBIES Table paqe 1. ¿. 3
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tIST OF FIGURES Fiqure '1. Relation
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Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION Malnutrition
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Chapter 2 REVIEI^¡ OF THE TITERÀT
Page 21 and 22: growth. Measurable growth retardati
Page 23 and 24: LAND\ \ ÀGRI CULTURÀL PRODUCTION
Page 25 and 26: minimum salaries (indicator of low
Page 27 and 28: Possession of livestock (mirk anirn
Page 29 and 30: the 3rd percentile at about 7 to I
Page 31 and 32: Chavez and Ramirez (1963) also stat
Page 33 and 34: Chapter 3 MATERIÀtS ÀND METHODS 3
Page 35 and 36: 20 3 " 1 ,3 Food Production The siz
Page 37 and 38: 22 (a) egricultural Variables (rood
Page 39 and 40: 24 (E) uealth Variables (HeaIth Sta
Page 41 and 42: 26 3,2 METHODS 3.2.1 Data collecLio
Page 43 and 44: dependent variables. À significanc
Page 45 and 46: Chapter 4 RESULTS 4.1 DATÀ CTEANIN
Page 47 and 48: 32 TÀBtE '1 Age and sex distributi
Page 49 and 50: 34 TABLE 5 Size of land cultivated
Page 51 and 52: 36 TÀBLE 9 Classification of child
Page 53 and 54: 38 4.3 ÀSSOCIATTON OF SOCIO-ECONOM
Page 55 and 56: 40 TABTE 1 2 Effect of socio-econom
Page 57 and 58: 42 important (in the current survey
Page 59 and 60: 44 TABLE 1 5 Effects of child-feedi
Page 61 and 62: 46 TÀBIE 1 7 Age, health and socio
Page 63 and 64: Chapter 5 ÐI SCUSSI ON More childr
Page 65 and 66: Whether or not the child rvas recei
Page 67 and 68: (r=-0.42; p
Page 69 and 70: Chapter 6 CONCLUSION in this study,
Page 71: crops had significant effects on an
Page 75 and 76: Chapter I REVIEW OF LITERATURE 8.1
Page 77 and 78: During dark adaptation, a large amo
Page 79 and 80: Classical Dark Àdaptation Test has
Page 81 and 82: 66 centrate on the test light as th
Page 83 and 84: test light. 68 The stimulus consist
Page 85 and 86: 70 TÀBIE 1 9 Comparison of scores
Page 87 and 88: (1977 ). nner using poker chips, ex
Page 89 and 90: there vras a complaint related to n
Page 91 and 92: Chapter 9 MÀTERIAtS ÀND METHODS 9
Page 93 and 94: 10-Second Test were used. in experi
Page 95 and 96: were identified. Errors were reflec
Page 97 and 98: 9.3.3 Experirnent iII 82 Five child
Page 99 and 100: Chapter '10 RESUTTS AND DISCUSSION
Page 101 and 102: 86 Test times of adult subjects Tes
Page 103 and 104: 88 Sources of variability in TÀBIE
Page 105 and 106: (p.0.0001 ), indicating that trial
Page 107 and 108: 92 l1 t6 t5 ^lq v¡ êt3 o H¡Z vt
Page 109 and 110: Decision Procedure, indicating that
Page 111 and 112: 96 10. 3 EXPERIMENT Iii : APPLICÀT
Page 113 and 114: 98 Sources of variabiJ.ity in (1971
Page 115 and 116: For the 7-10 year old group, the me
Page 117 and 118: slight modification was made on the
Page 119 and 120: Chapter '11 CONCTUSiON This study s
Page 121 and 122: In conclusion, Thornton's (1977 ) n
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Hakim, P., and Solimano, G., 1978,
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Simko, M.0., Cowe11, C. and Gilbrid
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PART II - BIBTIOGRÀPHY Brown, G. C
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Sommer,4., Katz, J., and Tarwotjo,
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QUESTi ONNAI RE Appendix B REPRESEN
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118 ( ) 4. Divorced 18" Mother read
Page 135 and 136:
120 ( ) 4. For poultry purposes ( )
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122 No. of all-owed repl i es : 1 .
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124 ( ) 2. No ( ) 3. Not applicable
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126 86. I^Ihy don't question ) you
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128 108. I,ihat are the foods that
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130 126 " Eco-zones No. of alLowed
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132 I " He i gtrt of chi Id Cen t i
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134 27. What are pregnant ? Months
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Appendix D LiST AND CODES OF STUDY
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Àppendix E LETTER OF PERMiSSION T0
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Appendix F LETTER OF REQUEST Univer
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My telephone number is: 142 Phone 4
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