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In the current sludy, the 1O-second Test appeared to be appropriate for use with children as young as 3-112 years of age. The children tested had no difficulty in understanding the testing inslructions and manipulating test objects. Test times of children under five years of age for the 10-Second Test were similar to that of adults in a similar 1O-Second Test. There r+ere no significant differences between trials Ii and III for children under five years of age and adults. Trial IIi of the 10-Second Test for under five year olds and adults was not significanlly different from trial III for children between the ages of 7 and 10. The 10-second Test was reproducible over two trials and test times were not influenced by inter-subject variability when the test was performed by children (under five and 7-'10 year old) twice on a single day. Thornton's RDAT appeared to be applicable in 7-10 year o1d children. This group of children was able to understand and follow the testing instructions and had no difficulty in manipulating test objects. Test scores were reproducible over two trials. 10s Test scores were not dependent on which trial was performed and this same observation was also noted for adult subjects in the same test. There was, however, a difference of about one minute in test times, for Thornlon's Test, between children and adulls. In general, this sLudy indicated that sources of variability for both Thornton's and 10-Second Tests were not identical. However, sources of variability common to both tests were observed and similar paÈterns of responses for both tests were also noled. The variabilities observed in these two tests could have been brought abouÈ partly by the small sample size.
In conclusion, Thornton's (1977 ) no¡t appeared applicable in children 7-10 year old. The 1O-Second Test procedure appeared suitable for use with children as young as 3-'1/2 years of age. However, whether or not the'1O-Second Test could be used for screening vitamin A deficient individuals from a given population, needs further investigation. 106
Page 1 and 2:
NUTRTTiON SURVEY METHODS: EXPERiENC
Page 3 and 4:
NUTRITION SURVEY I{ETHODS: EXPERIEN
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standardize a 1O-Second Dark Àdapt
Page 7 and 8:
Finally, I wish to thank my wife, s
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.Vítamin A deficiency, a prevalent
Page 11 and 12:
¿. RESUTTS 30 Data Cleaning 30 Des
Page 13 and 14:
LIST OF TÀBIES Table paqe 1. ¿. 3
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tIST OF FIGURES Fiqure '1. Relation
Page 17 and 18:
Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION Malnutrition
Page 19 and 20:
Chapter 2 REVIEI^¡ OF THE TITERÀT
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growth. Measurable growth retardati
Page 23 and 24:
LAND\ \ ÀGRI CULTURÀL PRODUCTION
Page 25 and 26:
minimum salaries (indicator of low
Page 27 and 28:
Possession of livestock (mirk anirn
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the 3rd percentile at about 7 to I
Page 31 and 32:
Chavez and Ramirez (1963) also stat
Page 33 and 34:
Chapter 3 MATERIÀtS ÀND METHODS 3
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20 3 " 1 ,3 Food Production The siz
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22 (a) egricultural Variables (rood
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24 (E) uealth Variables (HeaIth Sta
Page 41 and 42:
26 3,2 METHODS 3.2.1 Data collecLio
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dependent variables. À significanc
Page 45 and 46:
Chapter 4 RESULTS 4.1 DATÀ CTEANIN
Page 47 and 48:
32 TÀBtE '1 Age and sex distributi
Page 49 and 50:
34 TABLE 5 Size of land cultivated
Page 51 and 52:
36 TÀBLE 9 Classification of child
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38 4.3 ÀSSOCIATTON OF SOCIO-ECONOM
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40 TABTE 1 2 Effect of socio-econom
Page 57 and 58:
42 important (in the current survey
Page 59 and 60:
44 TABLE 1 5 Effects of child-feedi
Page 61 and 62:
46 TÀBIE 1 7 Age, health and socio
Page 63 and 64:
Chapter 5 ÐI SCUSSI ON More childr
Page 65 and 66:
Whether or not the child rvas recei
Page 67 and 68:
(r=-0.42; p
Page 69 and 70: Chapter 6 CONCLUSION in this study,
Page 71 and 72: crops had significant effects on an
Page 73 and 74: Chapter 7 iNTRODUCTION Vitamin A de
Page 75 and 76: Chapter I REVIEW OF LITERATURE 8.1
Page 77 and 78: During dark adaptation, a large amo
Page 79 and 80: Classical Dark Àdaptation Test has
Page 81 and 82: 66 centrate on the test light as th
Page 83 and 84: test light. 68 The stimulus consist
Page 85 and 86: 70 TÀBIE 1 9 Comparison of scores
Page 87 and 88: (1977 ). nner using poker chips, ex
Page 89 and 90: there vras a complaint related to n
Page 91 and 92: Chapter 9 MÀTERIAtS ÀND METHODS 9
Page 93 and 94: 10-Second Test were used. in experi
Page 95 and 96: were identified. Errors were reflec
Page 97 and 98: 9.3.3 Experirnent iII 82 Five child
Page 99 and 100: Chapter '10 RESUTTS AND DISCUSSION
Page 101 and 102: 86 Test times of adult subjects Tes
Page 103 and 104: 88 Sources of variability in TÀBIE
Page 105 and 106: (p.0.0001 ), indicating that trial
Page 107 and 108: 92 l1 t6 t5 ^lq v¡ êt3 o H¡Z vt
Page 109 and 110: Decision Procedure, indicating that
Page 111 and 112: 96 10. 3 EXPERIMENT Iii : APPLICÀT
Page 113 and 114: 98 Sources of variabiJ.ity in (1971
Page 115 and 116: For the 7-10 year old group, the me
Page 117 and 118: slight modification was made on the
Page 119: Chapter '11 CONCTUSiON This study s
Page 123 and 124: Hakim, P., and Solimano, G., 1978,
Page 125 and 126: Simko, M.0., Cowe11, C. and Gilbrid
Page 127 and 128: PART II - BIBTIOGRÀPHY Brown, G. C
Page 129 and 130: Sommer,4., Katz, J., and Tarwotjo,
Page 131 and 132: QUESTi ONNAI RE Appendix B REPRESEN
Page 133 and 134: 118 ( ) 4. Divorced 18" Mother read
Page 135 and 136: 120 ( ) 4. For poultry purposes ( )
Page 137 and 138: 122 No. of all-owed repl i es : 1 .
Page 139 and 140: 124 ( ) 2. No ( ) 3. Not applicable
Page 141 and 142: 126 86. I^Ihy don't question ) you
Page 143 and 144: 128 108. I,ihat are the foods that
Page 145 and 146: 130 126 " Eco-zones No. of alLowed
Page 147 and 148: 132 I " He i gtrt of chi Id Cen t i
Page 149 and 150: 134 27. What are pregnant ? Months
Page 151 and 152: Appendix D LiST AND CODES OF STUDY
Page 153 and 154: Àppendix E LETTER OF PERMiSSION T0
Page 155 and 156: Appendix F LETTER OF REQUEST Univer
Page 157 and 158: My telephone number is: 142 Phone 4
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