19 - acid-base neutralization.pdf
19 - acid-base neutralization.pdf
19 - acid-base neutralization.pdf
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Acid-Base Neutralization
Acid Base Neutralization Reaction<br />
Acid + Base Water + Salt<br />
Ex: HCl + NaOH H 2 O + NaCl<br />
Ex: H 2 SO 4 + NaOH<br />
H 2 0 + Na 2 SO 4<br />
• These reactions are basically Double-<br />
Displacement reactions, where the positive<br />
ions of each compound trade places.<br />
• A salt is an ionic compound that results<br />
from a <strong>neutralization</strong> reaction.
Neutralization<br />
Complete <strong>neutralization</strong> occurs when<br />
equal amounts of either equal amounts of:<br />
• A strong <strong>acid</strong> and strong <strong>base</strong> are mixed<br />
• A weak <strong>acid</strong> and a weak <strong>base</strong> are mixed<br />
• The pH will equal 7 (neutral)
Partial <strong>neutralization</strong> occurs when:<br />
• Unequal amounts of <strong>acid</strong> and <strong>base</strong> are mixed<br />
together.<br />
• A strong <strong>acid</strong> is mixed with a weak <strong>base</strong> (or<br />
vice versa).<br />
• The pH will move closer to 7, but will remain<br />
<strong>acid</strong>ic or basic.
Common Examples of Acid-Base<br />
Neutralizations<br />
Ant<strong>acid</strong>s (<strong>base</strong>) to treat heartburn (<strong>acid</strong><br />
reflux)<br />
Adding lime (<strong>base</strong>) to waterways and soil<br />
to reverse the effects of <strong>acid</strong> rain<br />
Bases are often used in wastewater<br />
treatment before wastewater is released to<br />
the environment
Predict the Products<br />
Strontium Hydroxide and Hydrochloric <strong>acid</strong><br />
are mixed together. Predict the products of<br />
the reaction and complete a balanced<br />
equation.<br />
HCl + Sr(OH) 2 →
Solution<br />
2 HCl + Sr(OH) 2 → 2 H 2 O + SrCl 2<br />
The H +1 and Sr -2 ions trade places,<br />
producing a salt and water.<br />
The equation is balanced using the standard<br />
rules for balancing equations.
Homework<br />
Page 173<br />
6, 12,<br />
Page 182<br />
6, 7, 8, 12, 13<br />
Page <strong>19</strong>1<br />
18, <strong>19</strong>, 28, 37<br />
You will have a quiz on <strong>acid</strong>s and <strong>base</strong>s on<br />
Monday. Your major chemistry unit test will be on<br />
Thursday.
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