novel approaches to expression and detection of oestrus in dairy cows
novel approaches to expression and detection of oestrus in dairy cows novel approaches to expression and detection of oestrus in dairy cows
failed to record cow interaction, but these events were in small proportion; 16.7% in POC 2 and 14.1% in POC 3. Results differed when the automated script was applied to analyse the UWB data (see Table 5.3 and 5.4). The matching rate between UWB declared mounts and visually observed mounts was determined by the optimised script; 76.4% in POC 2 and 67.4% in POC 3. Accuracy of the optimised script was less good at detecting true mounts; 56.07% in POC 2 and 51.24% in POC 3. It was clear from the individual results presented in Tables 5.3 and 5.4 that the total number of mounts declared by script analysis exceeded the number of mounts that were observed visually. The incidence of UWB error and mounts not declared by the script were low when compared to the number of false mounts declared by the script, indicating that specificity of the script for individual mounting and standing events was poor. Approximately half of all actual mounts were detected. In an attempt to increase the accuracy of detection and specificity of the script ‘tight limits’ were used to analyse UWB data. Here the script accuracy decreased for POC 2, 54.8%, and increased slightly for POC 3, 52.2%. Matching rate however decreased dramatically to 55.7% for POC 2 and 41.9% for POC 3, which was as expected. However, without improvements to the script accuracy this approach did not benefit accurate oestrous detection. 114
Figure 5.2 Graph showing mounting between 2 cows with 8 numbered points showing the sequence in time as cow 533 (blue line) stood to be mounted by cow 543 (red line). The 3 dimensional positions are shown; horizontal x and y local coordinates and height z position in cm Figure 5.3 Graph complementing Figure 5.2 showing only the height changes in sequence of mounting as cow 533 (blue line) stood to be mounted by cow 543 (red line) in real-time, with time in the x axis and height to the nearest cm on y axis 115
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Figure 5.2 Graph show<strong>in</strong>g mount<strong>in</strong>g between 2 <strong>cows</strong> with 8 numbered po<strong>in</strong>ts<br />
show<strong>in</strong>g the sequence <strong>in</strong> time as cow 533 (blue l<strong>in</strong>e) s<strong>to</strong>od <strong>to</strong> be mounted by<br />
cow 543 (red l<strong>in</strong>e). The 3 dimensional positions are shown; horizontal x <strong>and</strong> y<br />
local coord<strong>in</strong>ates <strong>and</strong> height z position <strong>in</strong> cm<br />
Figure 5.3 Graph complement<strong>in</strong>g Figure 5.2 show<strong>in</strong>g only the height changes<br />
<strong>in</strong> sequence <strong>of</strong> mount<strong>in</strong>g as cow 533 (blue l<strong>in</strong>e) s<strong>to</strong>od <strong>to</strong> be mounted by cow<br />
543 (red l<strong>in</strong>e) <strong>in</strong> real-time, with time <strong>in</strong> the x axis <strong>and</strong> height <strong>to</strong> the nearest cm<br />
on y axis<br />
115
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