Physical fitness of elite women's rugby union players over a ...

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3.4 ASSESSMENT SCHEDULE ........................................................................................ 45 3.5 DATA COLLECTION .................................................................................................. 46 3.6 TESTING PROTOCOL ................................................................................................ 46 3.6.1 Stature ............................................................................................................... 47 3.6.2 Body Mass ........................................................................................................ 48 3.6.3 Skinfolds ........................................................................................................... 48 3.6.4 Flexibility .......................................................................................................... 50 3.6.5 Power ................................................................................................................ 51 3.6.6 Speed ................................................................................................................. 52 3.6.7 Muscle Strength Test ........................................................................................ 52 3.6.8 Muscle Endurance Test ..................................................................................... 53 3.6.9 Maximal Aerobic Power ................................................................................... 54 3.7 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS ......................................................................................... 55 3.8 ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS .................................................................................. 56 CHAPTER FOUR: RESULTS ................................................................................................. 57 4.1 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................... 57 4.2 ANTHROPOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS ................................................................. 57 4.2.1 Stature ............................................................................................................... 57 4.2.2 Body Mass ........................................................................................................ 59 4.2.3 Sum <strong>of</strong> Skinfolds............................................................................................... 59 4.2.4 Percentage Body Fat ......................................................................................... 62 4.3 PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS ................................................ 62 4.3.1 Flexibility .......................................................................................................... 62 4.3.2 Muscle Power .................................................................................................... 65 viii
4.3.3 Speed ................................................................................................................. 65 4.3.4 Muscle Strength ................................................................................................ 68 4.3.5 Muscle Endurance ............................................................................................. 74 4.3.6 Aerobic Endurance ............................................................................................ 74 CHAPTER 5 : DISCUSSION, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS ................... 77 5.1 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................... 77 5.2 ANTHROPOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS ............................................................. 77 5.2.1 Stature ............................................................................................................... 77 5.2.2 Body Mass ........................................................................................................ 78 5.2.3 Sum <strong>of</strong> Skinfolds............................................................................................... 79 5.2.4 Percentage Body Fat ......................................................................................... 81 5.3 PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS ................................................ 82 5.3.1 Flexibility .......................................................................................................... 82 5.3.2 Muscular Power ................................................................................................ 83 5.3.3 Speed ................................................................................................................. 85 5.3.4 Muscle Strength ................................................................................................ 86 5.3.5 Muscle Endurance ............................................................................................. 89 5.3.6 Aerobic Endurance ............................................................................................ 90 5.4 SUMMARY ................................................................................................................. 92 5.5 CONCLUSIONS ........................................................................................................... 95 5.6 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH ............................................. 96 REFERENCES ......................................................................................................................... 98 ix
Page 1 and 2: PHYSICAL FITNESS OF ELITE WOMEN'S R
Page 3 and 4: ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to ack
Page 5 and 6: In both positional groups, no signi
Page 7: 2.3 PHYSIOLOGICAL DEMANDS OF RUGBY
Page 11 and 12: LIST OF TABLES PAGE Table I: Body M
Page 13 and 14: CHAPTER ONE STATEMENT OF THE PROBLE
Page 15 and 16: 2007). Static exertion requires gre
Page 17 and 18: From the time men’s rugby union b
Page 19 and 20: • 10 and 40 m speed • 1 RM benc
Page 21 and 22: (Gabbett, 2007; Quarrie et al., 199
Page 23 and 24: Physical performance characteristic
Page 25 and 26: CHAPTER TWO REVIEW OF RELATED LITER
Page 27 and 28: LEOPARDS No of Women’s Clubs: 7 N
Page 29 and 30: 2.2.3 International Women’s Rugby
Page 31 and 32: 2.3.1 Movement Patterns Time-motion
Page 33 and 34: Analysis of work-to-rest periods in
Page 35 and 36: 2.4.1 Body Mass There has been a ma
Page 37 and 38: Table I: Body Mass (kg) of female r
Page 39 and 40: Table II: Stature (cm) of female ru
Page 41 and 42: Table III: Comparison of 10m and 40
Page 43 and 44: etween age groups (Durandt et al.,
Page 45 and 46: Durandt et al., (2006) indicate tha
Page 47 and 48: Table IV: Comparison of Vertical Ju
Page 49 and 50: to allow accurate comparison (Duthi
Page 51 and 52: 1988; Ueno, Watai, & Ishii, 1988).
Page 53 and 54: staff with regards to selection and
Page 55 and 56: male rugby players may be associate
Page 57 and 58: Union. The players were sub-divided
Page 59 and 60:
Body mass Skinfolds (biceps, tricep
Page 61 and 62:
held at 90 degrees to the surface o
Page 63 and 64:
knees extended (straight), and bare
Page 65 and 66:
controlled manner to the center of
Page 67 and 68:
withdraw from the test if they are
Page 69 and 70:
CHAPTER FOUR RESULTS 4.1 INTRODUCTI
Page 71 and 72:
the descriptive analysis indicated
Page 73 and 74:
Sum of skinfolds (mm) 200 180 160 1
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Percentage Body Fat (%) 40 35 30 25
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Within forwards, there was a small
Page 79 and 80:
10m speed (sec) 2.4 2.2 2.0 1.8 1.6
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40m speed (sec) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 * * *
Page 83 and 84:
No difference was apparent within p
Page 85 and 86:
Pull ups 10 8 6 4 2 * * Forwards Ba
Page 87 and 88:
50 40 * * * Forwards Backs Push-ups
Page 89 and 90:
CHAPTER 5 DISCUSSION, CONCLUSION AN
Page 91 and 92:
Cup (Schick et al., 2006). Attentio
Page 93 and 94:
skinfold thickness throughout the s
Page 95 and 96:
likelihood of injury during a train
Page 97 and 98:
can be possibly attributed to a gre
Page 99 and 100:
provide a good measure of the upper
Page 101 and 102:
mid-season, which performed 12 and
Page 103 and 104:
A reasonably high aerobic fitness l
Page 105 and 106:
these two broad positional groups h
Page 107 and 108:
physical fitness, it may also be ac
Page 109 and 110:
The current study has described the
Page 111 and 112:
Baker, D. and Nance, S. (1999). The
Page 113 and 114:
Crewther, B.T., Gill, N., Weatherby
Page 115 and 116:
Ellis, L., Gastin, P., Lawrence, S.
Page 117 and 118:
Hrysomallis, C. (2010). Upper body
Page 119 and 120:
Maud, P.J. (1983). Physiological an
Page 121 and 122:
Rienzi, E., Reilly, T., and Malkin,
Page 123 and 124:
Spencer, M., Bishop, D., Dawson, B.
Page 125 and 126:
APPENDIX A PARTICIPATION INFORMATIO
Page 127 and 128:
APPENDIX B CONSENT FORM Faculty of
Page 129 and 130:
3.SPEED AND ACCELARATION 10 m (sec)
Page 131 and 132:
Forwards Backs Vertical Jump (cm) T
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