Fikireselassie Samuel.pdf - Addis Ababa University

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Figure 4: Map of the study area (Aklilu, 2010) 5.2. Study Population School children were selected as the study population because school-age children typically have the highest intensity of worm infection. In addition, the most cost-effective way to deliver drugs regularly to children is through schools because schools offer a readily available, extensive and sustained infrastructure with a skilled workforce that is in close contact with the community (www.who.int/wormcontrol). Deworming has also an important impact on child development, physical fitness and working capacity. Its effect on growth and anemia is also improved by simultaneous treatment of intestinal parasites and the provision of adequate iron supplementation 17 Created by PDF Generator (http://www.alientools.com/), to remove this mark, please buy the software.
(Richter, 2003). The data collected from this age group can be used to assess not only whether soil-transmitted helminthiasis threaten the health of school-age children, but also as a reference for evaluating the need for community intervention (Montresor et al., 1998). Hence, the study population consisted of 298 (155 males and 143 females) school children (5-16 years) enrolled in Shesha Kekele Primary Schools. The study was cross=sectional and the children were selected by simple random sampling. 5.3. Sample size Determination The required sample was calculated using the following formula (Daniel, 1995): n= Z 2 E (1 E) d 2 Where, n is the sample size Z = Z statistic for 95% level of confidence d = precision, and E = expected efficacy of the albendazole drug According to Legesse et al. (2002), the efficacy of a single dose of 400 mg albendazole was highly effective against Ascaris lumbricoides infection, with cure rate of over 96% and egg reduction of over 99.8%. However, the efficacy of the drug against Trichuris trichiura infection was 13.9% cure rate and 63.4% egg reduction rate. Also Legesse et al. (2004) reported that 400 mg single dose of albendazole have 92.5% high cure rate and 99.9% egg reduction rate against A. lumbricoides. It has 17.1% of cure rate and 69.8% egg reduction rate against T. trichiura. In other study, Albendazole showed a cure rate of 83.9% and egg reduction rate of 96.3% against Ascaris lumbricoides and a cure rate of 84.2% and egg reduction rate of 95% against hookworm infection (Adugna et al., 2007). The expected efficacy was taken the lowest cure rate of A. lumbricoides from above reports, which is 83.9%, reported by Adugna et al. (2007) and estimation of effects with 95% confidence levels. Hence, based on the above formula the sample size (n) would be 206. Besides, the presence of excess material and to make allowance for nonresponse rate, 44.6 percent of the sample size was added to the normal sample (206 + 92= 298). Thus, a total of 298 schoolchildren (155 females and 143 males) were selected from Shesha Kekele, Primary school. 18 Created by PDF Generator (http://www.alientools.com/), to remove this mark, please buy the software.
Page 1 and 2: ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF L
Page 3 and 4: 5.3.Sample Size Determination……
Page 5 and 6: List of Tables Table 1: Classes of
Page 7 and 8: List of Abbreviations and Acronyms
Page 9 and 10: ABSTRACT The three major soil-trans
Page 11 and 12: Studies have highlighted the profou
Page 13 and 14: Infection with T. trichiura (trichu
Page 15 and 16: 1.3. Soil-transmitted Helminth Infe
Page 17 and 18: educe morbidity and avoid mortality
Page 19 and 20: (ATP), which is the energy required
Page 21 and 22: 1.5.4. Mechanism of Anthelminthic D
Page 23 and 24: National prevalence of hookworm is
Page 25: 4. OBJECTIVES 4.1.1. General Object
Page 29 and 30: 5.5. Assessment of Post-treatment S
Page 31 and 32: 5.8. Ethical Considerations This st
Page 33 and 34: Table 2. Demographic characteristic
Page 35 and 36: 6.2. Cure Rate Cure rate is defined
Page 37 and 38: and 78.6 %( 33) of abdominal pain w
Page 39 and 40: factors as high treatment frequency
Page 41 and 42: 8. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Page 43 and 44: Bethony, J., Chen, J. and Lin, S. (
Page 45 and 46: Hotez, P.J., Zhan, B. and Bethony,
Page 47 and 48: school-age children in Kabale Distr
Page 49 and 50: WHO (2006a). Preventive chemotherap
Page 51 and 52: Appendix 2: Questionnaire to Survey
Page 53 and 54: 11. DECLARATION I, the undersigned,

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