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Value Chain Vision of Sugar Industry for a Sustainable Supply Chain (SRDC, 2006) • Improvements across the entire value chain on a local region or mill area context. • Stronger participation from sector participants, leading to a better chance of adoption. Farming Sector • Evolution of larger production units (through aggregation, farming cooperatives, or share farming) to realize economies of scale. • Development of location-specific farming systems that benefit both the farming sector and the value chain as a whole. • Improved yields and more efficient use inputs of water and other inputs, leading to enhanced economic and environmental performance. • Improved varieties and better advisory systems for production management. Increased use of contractors in farming operations. • Individual negotiated cane supply contracts. Harvesting and transport Sector • Better integration of harvesting and transport operations with more effective use of capital. • Fewer harvesting groups handling much larger tonnages, with longer harvesting hours per day, and longer seasons. • Geographical harvesting to capture regional trends. • Rationalization of sidings and loading pads with more efficient transport systems. • Improved timely communication of cane yield and cane quality information to growers and harvesters allowing real-time modifications to operations. • New payment systems and contracts between miller, grower, and harvester to provide appropriate incentives to all parties to improve performance. Milling and marketing sector • Fewer mills handling larger tonnages of cane and making better use of capital. • Greater diversity of products derived from sugarcane and cane lands. Production of electricity, ethanol, and animal feeds will be higher. • Milling by-products will be utilised more efficiently. Some completely new products such as bioplastics and biopharmaceuticals will be in early trials. • The industry will be fully deregulated and this will lead to closer and more direct business relationships between millers, their suppliers and their various customers. A key issue will be to define who the Mallee Stakeholders are, now and into the future, their collective vision, the level of regulation in place, the level of trust between parties and the level of sharing and planning to date. Stakeholders will include the following Groups: 1. Seedling nurseries and contract tree planters. 2. Farmers. 3. Harvesting contractors, including haulout operators. 4. Road transport operators. 5. Preliminary biomass processors. 6. Biomass conversion industries. 7. Consumers of the products from conversion industries. 8. CRC, university and public sector industry development workers. 9. Private sector industry development individuals and corporations other than farmers. Current linkages across stakeholder groups are discussed below. 145
• There is close contact between nurseries/planters and farmers, however the increasing numbers of mallee being bulldozed out in WA indicates disengagement by farmers. • Harvesting contractors don’t exist yet however harvesting technologies are rapidly developing and will require an appropriate business model. • Road transport operators are not engaged as yet, however failure to vertically integrate harvesters and road transport will impact profit margins. • The concept of preliminary biomass processing, or upgrading, has little currency as yet. Most people see a large biomass conversion industry (eg power generator) being the sole processor. Such large industries have an expectation that supply will be just in time, externally managed with minimal stockpile requirements for the processor. There is a perception that preliminary processors would impose a risk for large scale processors, because if farmers extend their influence into the preliminary processing they will be in a position to sell partially upgraded material to other markets. • Large energy processors are currently the most prominent biomass conversion industries. They are large organisations and are generally reluctant to get too involved with farmers and supply chains. • It is debatable whether the scale at which groups 1-5 are able to operate now or in the near future is compatible with the minimum scale at which large biomass processing corporations can function. Consideration has to be given to build capacity in groups 1-5 by developing new small industries in 6, and so developing the capacity to underpin large industries like electricity generators in the longer term. • Consumers range between people connected to the electricity grid to a variety of potential customers who are probably largely unaware of the existence of mallees. The most significant role here is possibly through political routes and recent successes in raising the awareness of bioenergy options. • There is a range of small R&D organisations, public and private, investigating new harvesting technologies, farming systems and near-commercial biomass conversion processes, such as various forms of pyrolysis to produce syngas or bio-oil. These groups are likely to become dominant in uses and markets for biomass within 10-15 years, though some talk of being ready for commercialisation now. • Private sector industry groups are showing an interest in developing and operating components of the supply chain and recognise opportunity for profitable ventures as the market develops. There is at this point very little collective vision, trust and planning in the mallee biomass industry and the linkages described above are generally extended only as far as each group chooses to serve their own immediate needs. This is inevitable as there is no overarching responsible entity, from which might develop a collective vision in the absence of an actual industry. 146
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Value Chain<br />
Vision <strong>of</strong> Sugar Industry for a Sustainable Supply Chain (SRDC, 2006)<br />
• Improvements across the entire value chain on a local region or mill area context.<br />
• Stronger participation from sector participants, leading to a better chance <strong>of</strong> adoption.<br />
Farming Sector<br />
• Evolution <strong>of</strong> larger production units (through aggregation, farming cooperatives, or share farming) to<br />
realize economies <strong>of</strong> scale.<br />
• Development <strong>of</strong> location-specific farming systems that benefit both the farming sector and the value<br />
chain as a whole.<br />
• Improved yields and more efficient use inputs <strong>of</strong> water and other inputs, leading to enhanced economic<br />
and environmental performance.<br />
• Improved varieties and better advisory systems for production management. Increased use <strong>of</strong><br />
contractors in farming operations.<br />
• Individual negotiated cane supply contracts.<br />
Harvesting and transport Sector<br />
• Better integration <strong>of</strong> harvesting and transport operations with more effective use <strong>of</strong> capital.<br />
• Fewer harvesting groups handling much larger tonnages, with longer harvesting hours per day, and<br />
longer seasons.<br />
• Geographical harvesting to capture regional trends.<br />
• Rationalization <strong>of</strong> sidings and loading pads with more efficient transport systems.<br />
• Improved timely communication <strong>of</strong> cane yield and cane quality information to growers and harvesters<br />
allowing real-time modifications to operations.<br />
• New payment systems and contracts between miller, grower, and harvester to provide appropriate<br />
incentives to all parties to improve performance.<br />
Milling and marketing sector<br />
• Fewer mills handling larger tonnages <strong>of</strong> cane and making better use <strong>of</strong> capital.<br />
• Greater diversity <strong>of</strong> products derived from sugarcane and cane lands. Production <strong>of</strong> electricity, ethanol,<br />
and animal feeds will be higher.<br />
• Milling by-products will be utilised more efficiently. Some completely new products such as bioplastics<br />
and biopharmaceuticals will be in early trials.<br />
• The industry will be fully deregulated and this will lead to closer and more direct business<br />
relationships between millers, their suppliers and their various customers.<br />
A key issue will be to define who the Mallee Stakeholders are, now and into the future, their<br />
collective vision, the level <strong>of</strong> regulation in place, the level <strong>of</strong> trust between parties and the level <strong>of</strong><br />
sharing and planning to date. Stakeholders will include the following Groups:<br />
1. Seedling nurseries and contract tree planters.<br />
2. Farmers.<br />
3. Harvesting contractors, including haulout operators.<br />
4. Road transport operators.<br />
5. Preliminary biomass processors.<br />
6. Biomass conversion industries.<br />
7. Consumers <strong>of</strong> the products from conversion industries.<br />
8. CRC, university and public sector industry development workers.<br />
9. Private sector industry development individuals and corporations other than farmers.<br />
Current linkages across stakeholder groups are discussed below.<br />
145