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242 赴北庭度陇思家 When Heading to Beiting and Passing Long Mountain I Think of Home 62 西向轮台万里余也知乡信日应疏陇山鹦鹉能言语 64 为报家人数寄书 West towards Luntai 63 is over ten thousand li, I also know that letters from home will be scarcer by the day. The parrots of Long mountain are able to speak: Send word for me and inform those at home to send more letters. 65 62 After returning to Chang'an in 751, Cen Shen returned to the frontier in 754 to serve on the staff of Feng Changqing 封常清 . Beiting 's 北庭 original territory is north of present day Jimusa'er 吉木萨尔 Xinjiang Autonomous Region. 63 Tang dynasty Luntai 轮台 was located in the environs of today's Miquan county 米泉县 , Xinjiang Autonomous Region. 64 CSJJZ, p. 141. 65 The parrots of Long mountain can be found just under six hundred years earlier in Mi Heng's 弥衡 (173-198) “Rhapsody on a Parrot” (“Yingwu fu” 鹦鹉赋 ). The poem is “the most important extant work by Mi Heng...an eccentric, unpredictable and sometimes arrogant young genius who lived at the end of the Han dynasty...It is ostensibly a representative example of the subgenre of the rhapsody known as 咏物赋 (yongwu fu “rhapsody on an object”)...The first third of the rhapsody is a treatment of the background and rare properties of the parrot. It is the remaining sixty-odd lines that the poet...expresses the parrot's misery over its fate and captive state...an allegorical plea to be freed from his own captivity and allowed to return north [after having offended Cao Cao 曹操 and banished south]”. See See William H. Nienhauser, Jr., ed., The Indiana Companion to Traditional Chinese Literature, pp. 625-626 and William T. Graham, Jr., “Mi Heng's Rhapsody on a Parrot“, Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, Vol. 39, No. 1 (Jun., 1979), pp. 39-54, especially pp. 42, 50. The parrots' language skills and habitat can be found early in Mi Heng's poem: “This marvellous bird from the Western Region,/Endowed by nature with unusual beauty,/Possesses the bright flames of the fire element./Intelligent and capable of speech,/Clever and gifted with foreknowledge...Thus the emperor,/Attracted by its far-reaching reputation,/Admiring the beauty of its form,/Sends his forester to the Long Mountains,/Dispatches Bo Yi to the Moving Sands,/Deploys archers across Kunlun,/Spreads nets about the clouds and rainbows...” See William Graham, tr., “Mi Heng's Rhapsody on a Parrot”, pp. 45-46. 唯西域之灵鸟兮 , 挺自然之奇姿 . 体金精之妙质兮 , 合火德之明辉 . 性辩慧而能言兮 , 才聪明以识机 ... 于是羡芳声之远畅 , 伟灵表之可嘉 . 命虞人于陇坻 , 诏伯益于流沙 . 跨昆仑而播弋 , 冠云霓而张罗 . See Wenxuan 13.25-26 in SKQS.
243 临洮泛舟赵仙舟自北庭罢使还京 Boating at Lintao: Dismissed From Office Zhao Xianzhou Returns to the Capital From Beiting 66 白发轮台使边功竟不成云沙万里地孤负一书生池上风回舫桥西雨过城醉眠乡梦罢 67 东望羡归程 White haired envoy from Luntai, In the end your meritorious service at the frontier was all for nought. This land of clouds and sand for ten thousand li Let down a scholar such as yourself. On the lake winds blow the boat about, West of the bridge the rain falls down on the town. In drunken sleep dreams of home dissipate; Gazing east I envy your return journey. 66 Lintao 临洮 was a garrison town located west of today's Lintan 临潭 , Gansu province. 67 CSJJZ, p. 142.
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Traversing the Periphery: Focalizat
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iii Supervisory Committee Dr. Tsung
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v 4.2. A Model of Focalization: Key
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Part One: Overview of High Tang Fro
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3 Part One: Overview of High Tang F
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5 recognition through martial emplo
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7 万里不惜死 Ten thousand
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9 “a far away place”; 边 also
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11 胡儿十岁能骑马 39 H
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13 胡人半解弹琵琶 54 T
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15 蕃书文字别 Fan 66 docum
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friends remain far from the front l
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19 poems”on the basis of geograph
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21 君子于役 My lord is in se
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23 probable setting of the poetic t
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particularly fitting in illustratin
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27 as for their relatives far from
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29 哥舒大夫破九曲之
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31 This sense of estrangement, as e
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33 and separation often found on th
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interest in describing the frontier
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37 Enduring Cold”. In Bao Zhao's
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39 Zhao's work intersects with the
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experience of having joined militar
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43 historical displacement (Han all
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45 To conclude, the preceding chapt
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47 the accepted definition of front
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49 to implement his vision of natio
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selection of High Tang poets must b
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53 “ 高岑迥别。高悲
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desire to dedicate oneself to the n
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57 and forever pacifying the border
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59 clearly encroaching upon the lit
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61 the Frontier” (“Saixia qu”
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63 铁门关西月如练双
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65 exemplifying High Tang advanceme
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67 孤城落日斗兵稀身
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69 traditional hermeneutics in whic
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wife, a domestic tearing caused by
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and his enduring memory. When read
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75 赤亭道口行人绝 The
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77 reinforced through a stacking of
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79 habits in creating the literary
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81 无花只有寒笛中闻
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Not only does Cen Shen surpass the
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85 the frontier and absence qualify
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87 its novelty and perspicacity; it
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Hao's “Hu” are compassionately
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91 the physically immediate scene o
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ather enticing (if, according to so
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95 (lines 5-10) The poem now moves
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97 also the non-militaristic intera
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99 non-Chinese languages of the Fan
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of the second quoted couplet by way
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integrate into his own previous exp
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105 Part Two: Focalization in Cen S
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frontier settings, the second part
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the country's near abroad, a time w
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111 argues that Cen Shen's frontier
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eathtaking scene depicted not only
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115 河岳英灵集 ) 31 states
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117 exemplification of “qi” (
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central Chinese physical and human
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121 subject of focalization. 62 In
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focalization, as discussed in this
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125 Prior to mentioning issues surr
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Aside from describing how the focal
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demonstrable bearing on the manner
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131 underlining methods of focalizi
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133 彷徉无所倚 He roams ai
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135 In short, the intention behind
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spouting upwards and overwhelming t
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139 the Fire Mountain theme through
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141 “carp” (liyu 鲤鱼 ) with
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143 ordinary mode of focalization.
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It should be noted, however, that f
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147 (“Song of Hot Lake”, lines
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149 obliterate the impact of the pu
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151 The traditionally dolorous doma
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153 towards the indefatigable and s
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of the exterior frontier. The most
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157 轮台东门送君去去
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159 Shifts from distance to nearnes
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161 It was previously noted in this
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163 胡天八月即飞雪忽
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associations of desolation and uses
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167 temperature, effects which tran
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169 Conclusion There is an underlyi
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171 Part Two : Focalization in Cen
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173 In addition to these visual per
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175 六月未春衣 21 In the s
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177 连年闻鼓鼙故山在
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179 空山啼夜猿既伤千
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181 poet-narrator's gaze (dong wang
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183 gazes westward, feelings of hom
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185 With the act of perceiving open
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187 isolation, are by far the lands
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189 frontier poetry and Chinese fro
Page 197 and 198: 191 为报家人数寄书 Sen
Page 199 and 200: 193 只在马蹄下明日归
Page 201 and 202: 195 为缩天山东 and contrac
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Page 205 and 206: 199 Tang dynasty. As discovered qui
Page 207 and 208: 201 alternates between that which t
Page 209 and 210: 203 Frankel, Hans. “Yueh-Fu Poetr
Page 211 and 212: 205 Rimmon-Kenan, Shlomith. Narrati
Page 213 and 214: 207 Gushiji 古诗记 . In Siku q
Page 215 and 216: 209 Tan Youxue 谭优学 .“Bian
Page 217 and 218: 211 Appendix I: Cen Shen's “Therm
Page 219 and 220: 213 火山云歌送别 Parting
Page 221 and 222: 215 使交河群 Mission To Jiao
Page 223 and 224: 217 风挚红旗冻不翻 The
Page 225 and 226: 219 走马川行奉送出师
Page 227 and 228: 221 Appendix III: Cen Shen's “Dis
Page 229 and 230: 223 经陇头分水陇水何
Page 231 and 232: 225 过燕支寄杜位 Passing
Page 233 and 234: 227 逢入京使 Encountering a
Page 235 and 236: 229 宿铁关西馆 Staying the
Page 237 and 238: 231 岁暮碛外寄元撝 At
Page 239 and 240: 233 碛西头送李判官入
Page 241 and 242: 235 安西馆中思长安 At
Page 243 and 244: 237 寄宇文判官 Sent to Adm
Page 245 and 246: 239 武威春暮闻宇文判
Page 247: 241 临洮客舍留别祁四
Page 251: 245 玉关寄长安李主簿
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