Hayes and Garber - Cucurbit Breeding

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66 BREEDING CROP PLANTS The grouping of varieties and strains so that those of similar habits of growth appear side by side removes to a considerable degree the evil effects of competition. The most effective means of overcoming competition is by the use of sufficiently wide borders which are discarded at harvest. 10. Results of field tests vary from year to year because of changing weather conditions, and for this reason it is necessary to extend a test over a period of several years. For varietal trials is recommended. a minimum of three years
CHAPTER V CONTROLLING POLLINATION Methods of controlling pollination have received considerable attention. Protecting self-fertilized plants from occasional natural crosses would seem to be a necessity in careful studies of heredity. The lack of technic of crossing may be a cause of failure to improve a particular crop. This entire field is one in which actual practice is needed before the worker can hope to accomplish best results. A few general principles will be given. Selfing Plants Artificially. Certain methods have already been worked out for particular crops. As an example, in the tobacco crop artificially self-fertilized seed may easily and cheaply be produced. The practical grower can well afford to save his seed by this practice. Before any of the blossoms have opened, the terminal inflorescence should be covered with a manila paper bag. The 12-lb. size has been found satisfactory for this purpose. If a few flowers have already been pollinated these may be removed before bagging. After a week or 10 days has elapsed, the bag should be taken off and all flowers except from 50 to 60 removed and the dead corollas shaken off. After sufficient flowers have been fertilized the bag may be removed, as the seed will mature somewhat more rapidly than when enclosed. Self-pollination of the tomato may be accomplished in very much the same manner as with tobacco. Small-sized bags are needed. In this case it is necessary to jar the flowering branches upon which the bags are placed as the tomato does not set seed freely unless some such practice is followed. Artificial self-pollination in corn is very easy. The ear and tassel may each be covered with a 12-lb. manila paper bag. It is necessary to cover the ear before any of the silks show. Foreign pollen accidentally enclosed with the tassel will not function after a period of more than two days. Approximately two to five days after the ear has been bagged the silks will have grown out and will be ready for pollination. The most favorable time for pollination is when the silks are 2 to 3 in. long, although the silks are receptive when much longer. 67
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AGRICULTURAL AND BIOLOGICAL PUBLICA
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s'g S 2 ! o s s
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COPYRIGHT, 1921, BY THE McGRAW-HiLL
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PREFACE Since the early development
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. Early CONTENTS CHAPTER I INTRODUC
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CONTENTS xiii PAGE Color of grain a
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CONTENTS XV PAGE Sorghum 178 Origin
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CONTENTS xvn CHAPTER XIX FARMERS' M
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2 BREEDING CROP PLANTS times by pri
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4 BREEDING CROP PLANTS "In the vege
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6 BREEDING CROP PLANTS more attenti
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8 BREEDL\C CROP PLANTS by one of it
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10 BREEDING CROP PLANTS 1. Variabil
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12 BREEDING CROP PLANTS bud sports
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14 BREEDING CROP PLANTS who gives t
Page 40 and 41: * CHAPTER II PLANT GENETICS 1 Since
Page 42 and 43: 18 BREEDING CROP PLANTS pair being
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Page 48 and 49: 24 BREEDING CROP PLANTS There is a
Page 50 and 51: 26 BREEDING CROP PLANTS and Pr. let
Page 52 and 53: ! 28 BREEDING CROP PLANTS The gener
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Page 56 and 57: 32 BREEDING CROP PLANTS a conceptio
Page 58 and 59: 34 BREEDING CROP PLANT* Group 4. Ve
Page 60 and 61: 36 BREEDING CROP PLANTS crosses. Sm
Page 62 and 63: 38 BREEDING CROP PLANTS mas protrud
Page 64 and 65: 40 BREEDING CROP PLANTS between the
Page 66 and 67: Average 42 BREEDING CROP PLANTS tob
Page 68 and 69: 44 BREEDING CROP PLANTS same for th
Page 70 and 71: 46 BREEDING CROP PLANTS order to il
Page 72 and 73: 48 BREEDING CROP PLANTS existence i
Page 74 and 75: 50 BREEDING CROP PLANTS basis of do
Page 76 and 77: 52 BREEDING CROP PLANTS certain con
Page 78 and 79: 54 BREEDING CROP PLANTS for the pur
Page 80 and 81: 56 BREEDING CROP PLANTS four plots.
Page 82 and 83: 58 BREEDING CROP PLANTS TABLE XI. T
Page 84 and 85: 60 BREEDING CROP PLANTS series then
Page 86 and 87: 62 BREEDING CROP PLANTS central row
Page 88 and 89: 64 BREEDING CROP PLANTS nating rows
Page 92 and 93: 68 BREEDING CROP PLANTS Two men may
Page 94 and 95: 70 BREEDING CROP PLANTS A common pr
Page 96 and 97: 72 BREEDING CROP PLANTS method (1),
Page 98 and 99: 74 BREEDING CROP PLANTS flowers whi
Page 100 and 101: 76 BREEDING CROP PLANTS Classificat
Page 102 and 103: 78 BREEDING CROP PLANTS crosses bet
Page 104 and 105: 80 BREEDING CROP PLANTS and those f
Page 106 and 107: 82 BREEDING CROP PLANTS generation
Page 108 and 109: 84 BREEDING CROP PLANTS nuclei, the
Page 110 and 111: 86 BREEDING CROP PLANTS crosses bet
Page 112 and 113: 88 BREEDING CROP PLANTS The Howards
Page 114 and 115: 90 BREEDING CROP PLANTS CC. Lemma w
Page 116 and 117: 92 BREEDING CROP PLANTS development
Page 118 and 119: 94 BREEDING CROP PLANTS grains on h
Page 120 and 121: 96 BREEDING CROP PLANTS susceptibil
Page 122 and 123: 98 BREEDING CROP PLANTS gous forms
Page 124 and 125: 100 BREEDING CROP PLANTS was though
Page 126 and 127: 102 BREEDING CROP PLANTS mediates b
Page 128 and 129: 104 BREEDING CROP PLANTS crosses ha
Page 130 and 131: 106 BREEDING CROP PLANTS Wild rye,
Page 132 and 133: 108 BREEDING CROP PLANTS same plant
Page 134 and 135: 110 BREEDING CROP PLANTS Time of cu
Page 136 and 137: 112 KREEDINd CHOP PLANTS variety te
Page 138 and 139: 114 BREEDING CROP PLANTS Selection.
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116 BREEDING CROP PLANTS of selecti
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CHAPTER IX SOME RESULTS OF SELECTIO
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120 BREEDING CROP PLANTS Briefly, i
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122 BREEDING CROP PLANTS In the abo
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124 BREEDING CROP PLANTS correlatio
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126 BREEDING CROP PLANTS likewise s
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128 BREEDING CROP PLANTS WHEAT SELE
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130 BREEDING CROP PLANTS TABLE XXVI
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CHAPTER X SOME RESULTS OF CROSSING
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134 BREEDING CROP PLANTS A Wheat Cr
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136 BREEDING CROP PLANTS Among othe
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138 BREEDING CROP PLANTS some of th
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140 BREEDING CROP PLANTS to quality
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142 BREEDING CROP PLANTS index is o
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144 BREEDING CROP PLANTS Factor sys
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146 BREEDING CROP PLANTS Later more
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148 BREEDING CROP PLANTS Parents Co
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150 BREEDING CROP PLANTS The Lyon b
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152 BREEDING CROP PLANTS isolated t
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154 BREEDING CROP PLANTS 4 FIG, 34.
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156 BREEDING CROP PLANTS same resul
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158 BREEDING CROP PLANTS grown for
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160 BREEDING CROP PLANTS longer tha
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162 BREEDING CROP PLANTS with the p
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164 BREEDING CROP PLANTS "4. When a
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166 BREEDING CROP PLANTS variabilit
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168 BREEDING CROP PLANTS 1910 to 19
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170 BREEDING CROP PLANTS
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172 BREEDING CROP PLANTS normal var
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174 BREEDING CROP PLANTS branching
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176 BREEDING CROP PLANTS hybrid seg
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178 BREEDING CROP PLANT* which are
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180 BREEDING CROP PLANTS the settin
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182 BREEDING CROP PLANTS organs. Th
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184 BREEDING CROP PLANTS Xenia may
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186 BREEDING CROP PLANTS manner as
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188 BREEDING CROP PLANTS to a singl
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190 BREEDING CROP PLANTS pure race
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192 BREEDING CROP PLANTS Studies of
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194 BREEDING CROP PLANTS B. RESULT
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196 BREEDING CROP PLANTS corn and g
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198 BREEDING CROP PLANTS TABLE XLV.
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200 BREEDING CROP PLANTS system of
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202 BREEDING CROP PLANTS Kempton we
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204 BREEDING CROP PLANTS general ru
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206 BREEDING CHOP PLANTS abnormalit
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208 BREEDING CROP PLANTS sis), Cana
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210 BREEDING CROP PLANTS plant sele
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212 BREEDING CROP PLANTS The practi
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214 BREEDING CROP PLANTS TABLE LIII
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216 BREEDING CROP PLANTS belong to
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218 BREEDING CROP PLANTS correlatio
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220 BREEDING CROP PLANTS approached
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222 BREEDING CROP PLANTS P. Segrega
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224 BREEDING CROP PLANTS 1. The het
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226 BREEDING CROP PLANTS TABLE LV.
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228 BREEDING CROP PLANTS These earl
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230 BREEDING CROP PLANTS For the 16
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232 BREEDING CROP PLANTS variety ca
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CHAPTER XVII BREEDING OF VEGETABLES
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236 BREEDING CROP PLANTS not known,
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238 BREEDING CROP PLANTS Le = long
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240 BREEDING CROP PLANTS TABLE LXI.
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242 BREEDING CROP PLANTS shell bean
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244 BREEDING CROP PLANTS data on th
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246 BREEDING CROP PLANTS TABLE LXII
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248 BREEDING CROP PLANTS need not b
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250 BREEDING CROP PLANTS radish pla
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252 BREEDING CROP PLANTS kohl-rabi.
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254 BREEDING CROP PLANTS TABLE LXV.
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256 BREEDING CROP PLANTS nucleus of
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258 BREEDING CROP PLANTS These data
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260 BREEDING CROP PLANTS recommende
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262 BREEDING CROP PLANTS varieties
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264 BREEDING CROP PLANTS TABLE LXVI
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266 BREEDING CROP PLANTS probably a
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268 BREEDING CROP PLANTS condition
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270 BREEDING CROP PLANTS very notic
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272 BREEDING CROP PLANTS these vari
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274 BREEDING CROP PLANTS bud sports
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The 276 BREEDING CROP PLANTS Stewar
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278 BREEDING CROP PLANTS made and 4
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280 BREEDING CROP PLANTS 1. A knowl
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282 BREEDING CROP PLANTS WHAT IS GO
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284 BREEDING CROP PLANTS METHODS OF
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286 BREEDING CROP PLANTS The seed p
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288 BREEDING CROP PLANTS report of
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290 BREEDING CROP PLANTS 5. Give sp
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292 BREEDING CROP PLANTS First Year
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DEFINITIONS 1 Acquired Character. A
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296 BREEDING CROP PLANTS Heredity.
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298 BREEDING CROP PLANTS Replicatio
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300 BREEDING CROP PLANTS BALLS, W.
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302 BREEDING CROP PLANTS CUMMINGS,
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304 BREEDING CROP PLANTS FRANDSEN,
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306 BREEDING CROP PLANTS HARRIS, J.
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308 BREEDING CROP PLANTS 1912. On t
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310 BREEDING CROP PLANTS LEAKE H. M
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312 BREEDING CROP PLANTS NILSSON-EH
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314 BREEDING CROP PLANTS RUSSELL, H
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316 BREEDING CROP PLANTS 1915. Die
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318 BREEDING CROP. PLANTS 1918. Inh
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320 INDEX Breeding, cotton, 177 cuc
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322 INDEX ( iaincs, disease resista
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324 INDEX Le Couteur, selection, sm
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326 INDEX Ray, species, first use o
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328 INDEX Wheat, artificial crossin
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Hayes and Garber - Cucurbit Breeding

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