Our sense organs 45

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A section of human skin. The layers of the epidemis, the dermis, and the inner skin are clearly visible. 40 Epidermis Dermis Subcutaneous layer Vein Artery Sweat gland Nerve Pacinian (Vater’s) corpuscle (pressure sensitive receptor) Hair muscle (erector pili) Internal root sheath Nerve sheath around hair root Sebaceous gland Meissner’s corpuscle (touch sensitive receptor)
glands, as well as blood capillaries and lymphatic vessels. In contrast, the thickness of the outer layer, the epidermis (Greek epi = upon, above; derma = skin), is only between 0.07 and 0.12 mm. Our skin separates our bodies from the outside world. It encloses us, gives us our individual shapes, protects us from intruders, cools or warms us, and conserves our body liquids. Surprisingly, it contributes about one sixth of our body weight, although the epidermis itself weighs only about 500 g. The total area of the skin amounts to approximately 1.6 square metres. It is watertight, washable, and elastic. The skin is thickest on the palms of our hands and on the soles of our feet, and thinnest in the armpits and on the eyelids. Our skin – by numbers: One square centimetre of skin contains: 6,000,000 cells 100 sweat glands 15 sebaceous glands 5,000 sensory corpuscles 200 pain points (receptor areas) 25 pressure points 12 cold-sensitive points 2 heat-sensitive points The most important property of the skin is that it contains our sense of touch, which is located in the dermal layer. The outer layer is insensitive, rubs off easily, and causes the ring left in the bath after bathing. The sense of touch is difficult to investigate. All the other senses have a definite key organ which can be studied, but the skin is spread over the entire body and cannot easily be delimited or “switched off”. In the case of vision, scientists can observe blind persons to learn more about seeing, and they can study deaf people to learn more about hearing. But this is impossible for the sense of touch. Touching is ten times as strong as verbal or emotional contact. If touching were not pleasant, living things would not procreate. If we did not enjoy touching and caressing, there would be no sex. A foetus feels the moist warmth inside the womb; it perceives the heartbeats and the internal rhythms of its mother. The sense of touch is the first sense to develop. It functions automatically, before the newborn baby’s eyes even open to observe the world. It has been discovered that there are many more kinds of receptors than the four basic ones through which we experience warmth, coldness, pain, and pressure. All the different tactile sensations are more complex than these four, and they cause us to respond variously. Tactile experiences (Latin tactilis = touchable): Mechanical stimuli cause several different sensations: stroking, touching, vibration, pressure, and tension. The fingertips and the tip of the tongue are especially sensitive. The fingertips can feel a sharp point if the impression is only 10 µm, and in the case of a vibrating stimulus pressed into the skin, can feel it even if this is less than 1 µm. Other functions of the skin: In addition to its important function as a tactile sense organ, there are several others, of which only a few are mentioned below: 1 The skin protects passively, as well as actively, against injurious external influences. It can destroy invading infective agents. 2 The skin plays an important role in controlling the temperature of the body, which should not deviate from 37° C because most organs function optimally at this temperature. Heat loss can be increased or reduced by increasing or reducing the flow of blood through the skin’s network of small blood vessels. About three quarters of the heat loss is effected by radiation and conduction. The other quarter is effected by the evaporation of water, partly unnoticed through the skin and the lungs, and partly by perspiration. The invisible evaporation through the skin comprises one third of the total dermal loss of water. 41
Page 4 and 5: 1 st English edition 1999 2 nd Expa
Page 6 and 7: Contents Foreword .................
Page 8 and 9: Foreword What would you expect from
Page 10 and 11: Part 1: Man - an ingenious construc
Page 13 and 14: The eye - our window to the outside
Page 15 and 16: the inside of the eyeball. It conta
Page 17 and 18: ➨ ➨ ➨ not mean that we can se
Page 19: eyes. There will be no more death o
Page 22 and 23: Malleus Head Long (lateral) process
Page 24 and 25: amplitudes. The pressure exerted by
Page 26 and 27: Whispering 25 Spacious office 50 Mo
Page 28 and 29: less viscous liquid, called the per
Page 30 and 31: The sense of smell - beyond words F
Page 32 and 33: finest detail, using plenty of imag
Page 35 and 36: The sense of taste - not just for c
Page 37: self will serve believers as his gu
Page 42: 3 In addition to sweat, the skin al
Page 46 and 47: Heaven: a) Heaven is a place where
Page 49 and 50: The heart - more than a high-tech p
Page 51 and 52: from the heart via the arteries. Th
Page 53 and 54: Foetal circulatory system. Neonatal
Page 55: “shunted on a siding” as far as
Page 58 and 59: 6 Transportation of hormones: The b
Page 60 and 61: One cell contains 32 pg (1 picogram
Page 62 and 63: each case. We can only stand amazed
Page 64 and 65: The Bible and blood: Having explore
Page 67 and 68: The kidneys - marvels of filtration
Page 69: ➡ ment, followed by the thin loop
Page 72 and 73: The cells - our body’s 100 millio
Page 75 and 76: DNA - information storage technolog
Page 77 and 78: total anatomy and physiology of a h
Page 79: The structure of the DNA molecule:
Page 82 and 83: Neurons are the building blocks of
Page 84 and 85: municate, to evaluate, and to be cr
Page 86 and 87: Motor cortex - body movements The
Page 88 and 89: The fact that Archimedes had hands
Page 91 and 92:
Body, soul, and spirit - man is mor
Page 93 and 94:
a) A small cube lies in the corner
Page 95 and 96:
MAN’S STRUCTURE Monism Dualism Tr
Page 97 and 98:
explained in terms of a technologic
Page 99 and 100:
What is man? Having learned of the
Page 101 and 102:
Genesis 1:28: “God blessed them a
Page 103 and 104:
TEKEL, PARSIN. This is what these w
Page 105 and 106:
with Abraham (Gen 15:7-21, 17:3-14)
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Does God also have sense organs? We
Page 109 and 110:
109
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Every person - known to God? Job sa
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- a distorted image evolutionary th
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A very special man: Jesus Today man
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117
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All unbelief is sin, as we read in
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water here will soon be death’s p
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single set yet constructed, Cameron
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en, but only he who does the will o
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engines and at 7.16 metres diameter
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Personal testimonies: Jesus found t
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friends whom I could consult. The b
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133
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Getting your name in the “Book of
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sheep... I am the good shepherd; I
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to make sure that the entire Word o
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Beloved of God Today many people al
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Man in heaven: sharing the glory of
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On the third of June 1998, possibly
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something special. The first night
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The Empress Elisabeth of Austria, b
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Jesus prays to His Father in John 1
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153
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© Copyrights and acknowledgements:
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Our sense organs 45

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