Motor proteins, cellular motility Regulation of actin treadmilling

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04/10/2013 Directionality • Track polarity: + and – ends of the actin filaments and the microtubules • Motors move unidirectionally − − − myosin: toward the + end of microfilaments kinesin: toward the + end of microtubules dynein: toward the – end of microtubules Myosins • Actin-based motors • conventional myosins (myosin II – 1864: Wilhelm Kühne) • nonconventional myosins • Myosin families: myosin I-XVIII • Functions: − muscle contraction − cytokinesis 4
04/10/2013 Myosin II Head: actin binding and nucleotide binding region Neck Tail S1 head tilting model • S1 head attaches to the actin filament • The angle of attachment change from 90° to 45° → sliding of the filament • detachment Huxley AF, Simmons RM. Proposed mechanism of force generation in striated muscle. Nature. 1971 Oct 22;233(5321):533-8 5
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Motor proteins, cellular motility Regulation of actin treadmilling

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