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Fall 2010
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QUANTIFYING
COMFORT
Annual Textile
and Component Issue
Holiday
Gift Guide
Eco-Profiling
Manufacturing
Financing
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C O N T E N T S
Fall 2010
18
Departments
DATA POINTS
8 Try triathletes, tech support, freer delivery, camp
sights, and more
GREENSHEETS
12 GUARDIANS OF GREEN
Groups flex their eco-muscles
31
TEXTILE NEWS & NOTES
26 ON-SPEC AND IN-STOCK
Component swatches and shorts
BACK OFFICE
38 FACTORING & LEASING
Growing beyond cash flow
THE GREEN GLOSSARY
40 Defining the movement
FEATURES
18 QUANTIFYING COMFORT
Comfort is implied in every purchase of outdoor performance apparel,
but sometimes the concept of comfort gets lost amidst the mounds of
technical data and protective properties. Comfort, however, now can be
sold much like we sell performance, as textile scientist and researchers
are building on their knowledge bases of clothing physiology, while
investigating the relationship between psychological perceptions and
objective measurements in an effort to quantify “wearer comfort.”
By Martin Vilaboy
6 Letter from the Editor
10 Rep News & Notes
46 Advertiser Index
31 2010 IO HOLIDAY GIFT GUIDE
While consumers are expected to keep a close check on their Christmas
Cheer this year, there are some indications that impulse, once again,
will be a part of the holiday shopping season. With that in mind, our
annual gift guide provides retailers with some last-minute gift
ideas for outdoor adventurers of all ages, many of which fall
within the prime gift price range and still can be delivered
to your store in time for the final holiday rush.
4 | InsideOutdoor | Fall 2010

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Editor’s Letter
Experts over Elitists
In 1980, an Austrian baselayer company outfitted its nation’s Winter
Olympics women’s team in Lake Placid with the world’s first double-face
underwear. It combined synthetic fibers lying against the skin to transport
perspiration quickly and effectively away from the body with an outer
cotton layer that offered a solid buffering effect and evaporation of the
moisture. Soon after, when the double-face baselayers were introduced
into the general market with resounding success, many said it marked the
beginning of a period of popularity for functional textiles.
About that time, technologies such as Gore-Tex, Thinsulate and Cordura
likewise were moving from R&D labs to U.S. patent offices to consumer
goods, and since then, the fibers and fabrics that make up our footwear,
jackets, t-shirts, sleeping bags and backpacks have become less a product
of available natural resources and more a product of science.
Even more recently, the fabric technologies built into outdoor gear and
apparel have become increasingly scientific, often involving elements of
physics, physiology, mathematics and chemistry. They can require substantial
amounts of information and education on the sales floor. What it doesn’t
require, however, is an air of superiority on the part of sales associates.
As Darren Bush, owner of Rutabaga Paddlesports in Monona, Wis.,
puts matters, “If you want customers to ask questions, you better make it
safe to be stupid.”
In other words, walking into a specialty store can be intimidating for
some folks, says Bush, but any tension can be diffused by asking questions
in the proper way. For instance, when a prospective paddler walks
into Rutabaga, rather than that customer being asked, “Have you ever
paddled?”, Bush prefers his staff to phrase the question a bit differently:
“Have you had the opportunity to paddle?”
The distinction is very subtle, but the former questions a person’s
desires and actions. The latter questions their circumstances, making it
easier to answer “no” without feelings of inferiority.
Much the same can be applied to sales of textile-based products. Rather
than a sales staffer asking a customer, “Have you heard of Polartec Power
Dry?”, for example, they could ask, “Has anyone ever explained to you the
benefits of Polartec Power Dry?”
“Why no, no one ever has done that,” might be the reply.
Outdoor stores are filled with high technology, some which sits on
the cutting edge. But the last thing we want to create is the feeling some
customers get before walking into a Fry’s Electronics or, dare I say, some
specialty climbing stores. Better folks feel the way they do before entering
an Apple retail outlet.
As Bush points out, most people enjoy the purchase experience when
buying from an expert. Very few feel the same way when buying
something from an elitist. –MV
Martin Vilaboy
Editor-in-Chief
martin@bekapublishing.com
Percy Zamora
Art Director
outdoor@bekapublishing.com
Ernest Shiwanov
Editor at Large
ernest@bekapublishing.com
Berge Kaprelian
Group Publisher
berge@bekapublishing.com
Jennifer Vilaboy
Production Director
jen@bekapublishing.com
Suzanne Urash
Ad Creative Designer
suzanne@cre8groupinc.com
Beka Publishing
Berge Kaprelian
President and CEO
Philip Josephson
General Counsel
Jim Bankes
Business Accounting
Corporate Headquarters
745 N. Gilbert Road
Suite 124, PMB 303
Gilbert, AZ 85234
Voice: 480.503.0770
Fax: 480.503.0990
Email: berge@bekapublishing.com
© 2010 Beka Publishing, All rights reserved.
Reproduction in whole or in any form or
medium without express written permission
of Beka Publishing, is prohibited. Inside
Outdoor and the Inside Outdoor logo are
trademarks of Beka Publishing
6 | InsideOutdoor | Fall 2010

Data Points
Numbers worth noting
by Martin Vilaboy
Targeting Triathletes
Regardless of their age or affluence, triathletes are
devoted to their sports, and they show it with their wallets.
According to a survey by The Active Network, Inc., more
than 90 percent of triathletes plan to participate in a
triathlon event in 2011 with 32 percent indicating they
plan on participating in five or more triathlons in 2011.
Meanwhile, the average triathlete spends more than
$2,100 annually on gear alone to support their event
participation (excluding travel or event entry fees),
suggest the findings. The average age of triathletes
surveyed was 40 years old, with close to half earning
an annual income of more than $100,000.
Discounts Win
Facebook Fans
There’s no doubt Facebook can up a brands buzz,
but grabbing the attention of the estimated 64 percent
of U.S. consumers who have created a profile comes
with a downside: possible price compression. A study
by ExactTarget and CoTweet found that the likelihood
of receiving discounts and promotions is the number
one reason consumers “like” a brand on Facebook.
Also among the top reason are possible “freebies” and
getting updates on upcoming sales.
On the flip side, if your brand possesses any type
of “cool” factor, there’s a good chance a good chunk of
consumers “like” your brand primarily to show support
for the company.
Help Wanted
Engaging technology-enabled customers in-store may
have less to do with technology and more to do with
people. As much as 73 percent of retailers surveyed by
Opportunities for Improving the In-Store Experience
Focus on a more convenient
customer experience
More personalized attention from
our employees
Find ways to make our
employees more productive
Educate and empower our in-store
employees using technology
Provide ability to locate
and sell merchandise from
anywhere in the company
Improve performance reporting
to store management
It’s all about our product mix
if we build it, they will come
Provide more specific/localized
direction to store managers
Add self-service customer-facing
technologies
Very Important Somewhat Important Not Important
Improved in-store
physical security
Source: Retail Systems Research
73% 25% 3%
54% 36% 9%
50% 46% 4%
49% 41% 11%
42% 38% 20%
38% 46% 16%
38% 43% 19%
36% 58% 7%
27% 42% 31%
19% 42% 39%
Motivation to “Like” Company or Brand on Facebook
Facebook Motivations
% of Respondents
Receive discounts and promotions 40%
Show support for the company 37%
Get a “freebie” 36%
Stay informed about company 34%
Get updates about products 33%
Get updates on upcoming sales 30%
Fun and entertainment 29%
Access to exclusive content 25%
Recommended 22%
Learn about company 21%
Source: ExactTarget
8 | InsideOutdoor | Fall 2010
Retail Systems Research say tech-savvy customers is the
most important opportunity they face, and the most widely
selected opportunities in this regard all point to an employee
base with more time, more knowledge and more tools. “This
flies Time directly Participants in the face of Traveled the increasingly from Home pervasive on their notion Last in-Season
that
Camping
customers
Trip,
enter
Ages
stores
6+
already armed with everything
they need to make their decision, whether attained through
B
online research at home or via a quick-and-dirty mobile scan
24.4%
R
either en 25route to – or once in – the store,” says RSR analysts.
Just 9 percent of retailers say more
21.2% 22.0% 21.7%
personalized attention 20.1%
from employees 20 is not important.
16.1%
15
Private Label’s Public Appeal
Most consumers no
10.1%
10
longer equate store brands with
8.5%
7.6%
7.
sacrificing, show findings from Deloitte and Harrison Group,
as about 5three-quarters 2.7%
of grocery shoppers say they are
more open to trying private labels than they were two years
0
15 Minutes 30 Minutes 1 Hour 2 Hours 4 Hours
Percent of Camping Participants
Source: Outdoor Foundation

employees more productive
50% 46% 4%
customer experience
73% 25% 3%
ducate and empower our in-store
employees using technology
Provide ability to locate
and sell merchandise from
anywhere in the company
More personalized attention from
our employees
Find ways to make our
employees more productive
Improve performance reporting
Educate and empower our in-store
to store management 38% employees 46% using technology 16% 49% 41% 11%
Perceptions of Store Brands
It’s all about our product mix
Provide ability to locate
if we build Perception it, they will come 38% and sell 43% merchandise from
% of Respondents
19% 42% Freedom 38% of 20%
anywhere in the company
Delivery
Provide more specific/localized
Believe that most store brands are manufactured
Improve
by
performance reporting
E-commerce retailers planning on offering free shipping
direction to store managers 36% to store 58%
traditional national brands
80% management 7% 38% this holiday season 46% might want 16% to consider doing so
Add self-service customer-facing
It’s all about our product mix without minimum purchase requirements. According to
More open technologies to trying private 27% labels than 2 years if ago we 42% build 74 it, they will 31% come 38% 43% 19%
Experian Marketing Services’ annual holiday benchmark
Only Improved 2 or 3 brands in-storethey can’t live without Provide more specific/localized
51
report, retailer email campaigns with free shipping offers
physical security 19% 42% direction to store 39% managers 36% 58% 7%
that had no minimum spend requirement had 70 percent
Feel that traditional national brands are superior (in
quality) than private label
Add self-service 48 customer-facing higher transaction rates, triple the revenue per email and
Source: Retail Systems Research
technologies 27% 42% 31%
more than double the average order value compared to free
Intend to purchase more national brands as economy
improves
Improved 35 in-store shipping offers with minimum requirements.
physical security 19% 42% 39%
Feel as if sacrificing when purchasing store brand
instead of national brand
32
Source: Retail Systems Research
Source: Deloitte and Harrison Group, July 2010
ago Time (presumably Participants pre-recession). Traveled from What’s Home more, on 85 their percent Last in-Season by “close to home” and “done in a day” adventures does
of Camping responding Trip, consumer Ages 6+ say they have found several store not necessarily jive with camping participation. New figures
brands that are just as good as national brands, while 80 from Coleman and the Outdoor Foundation show similar
Backyard and Car Camping
percent believe that most store
brands are manufactured by the Time 24.4%
RV Camping
25
Participants Traveled from Home on their Last in-Season
traditional national brands. 21.2% 22.0% Camping 21.7% Trip, Ages 6+
20.1%
20
Backyard and Car Camping
16.1%
16.1%
Enough is
24.4%
RV Camping
15
25
Enough
21.2% 22.0% 11.9%
10.1%
21.7%
20.1%
Half 10 of 8.5% active Americans 7.6% say they 20
7.9% 9.7%
would be somewhat more likely
16.1%
16.1%
5
to shop at their
2.7%
favorite specialty 15
11.9%
store if that store communicated
10.1%
0
10 8.5%
with them by email, says a survey
7.6%
7.9% 9.7% 15 Minutes 30 Minutes 1 Hour 2 Hours 4 Hours 1 Day More Than
a Day
of Leisure Trends Group’s “Most
Source: Outdoor Foundation
5 2.7%
Active Americans Panel.” But how
much communication is enough and 0
how much is too much? According
15 Minutes 30 Minutes 1 Hour 2 Hours 4 Hours 1 Day More Than
a Day
to the panel, once a month is a good
Source: Outdoor Foundation
place to start, but nearly as many
Percent of Camping Participants
50%
0%
49% 41% 11%
42% 38% 20%
respondents also said they welcome messaging “whenever
they have something I request.”
Frequency of Communication
8%
3%
14%
13%
50%
Percent of Camping Participants
Frequency of Communication
30%
Never Daily Weekly Biweekly Monthly Less Whenever
than
once 8%
they have
something
a month I request 3%
Source: Leisure Trends Group
0%
6%
27%
54% 36% 9%
50% 46% 4%
Data Points
Done in a Day?
The prevalent notion that outdoor recreation is dominated
percentages of campers traveled four or more hours to their
latest camping destination then those that stayed within a
one-hour drive. About 60 percent of car campers traveled
two hours or more before setting up camp. RV owners, not
surprisingly, are much more likely to drive a day or more to
reach their campground destinations.
Domestic Brew
All told, just more than three in five Americans say they
are more likely to purchase an item when the advertising
touts it as “Made
30%
in America,” say researchers at Harris
Interactive. The sound of patriotism 27% rings loudest among
older Americans and those living outside of the Western
U.S., but even among 18 to 34 year olds and those living in
14%
Western 13% states, “Made in America” messaging rarely has a
negative impact. 6%
Never Daily Weekly Biweekly Monthly Less Whenever
thanFall they 2010 have | InsideOutdoor | 9
once something
a month I request
35
3
So
So
Pe
B

Rep moves and news
The Outdoor Reps Association
announced that its annual summer trade
show will take place July 19 to 21, 2011,
at Monona Terrace in Madison, Wis. The
annual event attracts retailers and sales
reps from around the upper Midwest,
including Illinois to the Dakotas and upper
Michigan to Missouri. The Monona Terrace
facility is located on a lakefront, adjacent
to bike paths and downtown Madison.
The dates for the event were chosen
based on a clear preference by a strong
majority of ORA member reps, said
ORA executive director Scott Lynch.
“Our members are the conduit that
connects manufacturers and retailers –
constituencies that don’t always have the
same needs,” said Lynch. “They have told
us that the mid/late July timeframe is the
right time for them to do their work.”
At its most recent board of directors
meeting, the Eastern Outdoor Reps
Association unanimously elected Bill
Lockwood of the Mid-Atlantic region
Ferrand Associates as the association’s
new president. Outgoing president Al
Diamond had served as the association
president for the past two years.
Meanwhile, at the regional
membership meeting, Andy Molter
was elected to serve from the Mid-
Atlantic region, Mike Lamb was elected
to serve from the Southeast region
and Bill Pelkey was elected from the
Northeast region. New regional vice
presidents are Ty Wivell of the Stoner
Andrews Group from the Northeast
region, Kevin Carnes of North Branch
Traders from the Mid-Atlantic region
and Allyn Morton of Eastern Outdoor
Sales from the Southeast region.
As part of its plan to re-enter the U.S.
outdoor market, adidas Outdoor has
signed up several regional reps in key
territories. The groups will be working
closely with industry veteran Larry
Harrison, who has been named as
director of sales for adidas Outdoor.
Among the groups representing
adidas Outdoor, BP Associates will
have five representatives involved
with the adidas brand in the nine-state
Western Lakes area of the Midwest.
The company consists of partners Bill
Kaplan (billk@bpassociates.com) and
Patrick Padden plus Adam Argetsinger,
Daniel Moser and Emily Rach. Jim
Daley runs the offices. Representing the
the four-state Rocky Mountain territory
is Jon VanNoy (cogolf@q.col) and his
Helaman Group. VanNoy is new to the
outdoor industry but very experienced in
the sporting goods business. Elsewhere,
Frontier Group Inc. will handle the
five-state Northwest territory, bringing
five representatives to the task. The
company is made up of principals
John Morioka and Scott Ohsman
(info@frontiergroupsales.com) with
representation by Jennifer Eggleston,
Jenna Wadkins and Charlie Williams.
The Hartford Sales Group,
meanwhile, has has been named to
the Southwest, while the Hawaiian
Islands will be handled by RCP Pursuits.
10 | InsideOutdoor | Fall 2010

The Hartford Sales Group is an awardwinning
agency celebrating its 26th year
serving the sporting goods, outdoor and
sports specialty markets in California,
Arizona and Nevada. The five-person
company is headed by Larry Hartford
(larry@hartsale.com) who is joined by
Kevin Alexander, Justin Hartford,
Heather Iantorno and Gina Tarantino.
Cindy Pacheco created RCP Pursuits
to represent adidas Outdoor in the
Hawaiian Islands.
Long-time adidas partner Agron
Inc. will be the official and exclusive
distributor for adidas Outdoor products
in the United States. Retail partners
will be able to preview the line at the
Outdoor Retailer Show in Salt Lake City,
Utah in January 2011.
In order to “better serve U.S.
wholesale accounts,” GoLite is bringing
all sales functions in-house effective
the end of this year. The company also
announced a number of appointments,
including Kevin Volz moving into the role
of North American sales director. After
more than six years with GoLite, Volz
has been an integral part of growing the
GoLite business and will continue to lead
GoLite’s North American sales efforts,
said the company. In addition, current
sales coordinator Greta Oberschmidt
will become assistant sales manager.
Sale agency Leading Edge Sports
announced that Klaus Pittman, who
spent 10 years at Leading Edge before
taking the past four years off to stay
closer to home, has returned to the
industry as a full-time sales rep in the
Northwest. Klaus will represent all of
the brands Leading Edge is responsible
for in the Northwest. Formed in 1990,
Leading Edge Sports is aligned with
brands including Swix, Uvex, Dermatone,
Rollerblade, Pedro’s, Swenor, Skadi and
Bison Designs in the Northwest United
States. Based in Woodinville, Wash.,
Leading Edge was recently awarded
“Agency of The Year” honors with Swix
and Rollerblade in 2010.
Kokatat recently extended the
territories of its rep Ted Keyes. In
addition to his current territories,
Keyes is now responsible for California,
Nevada and Arizona. An established
sales representative in the paddlesports
industry, Keyes has worked with
watersports gear and boat brands in
the Western states for more than 13
years. Specifically, he has worked for
Kokatat in Colorado and New Mexico
for the past three years. Kokatat athlete,
photographer and tech-rep Taylor
Robertson was appointed as Keye’s
tech-rep, based out of Chico, Calif. In
addition to occasionally helping out
Keyes with the other Western territories,
Robertson primarily will be handling all
Kokatat dealer-related demos, in-store
clinics and visits in the state of California.
Garmont USA is partnering with
Justin Singer and the Pacific Sierra
Group to cover Southern California and
the Southwest. Singer, based in Truckee,
Calif., is an experienced backcountry
skier, with a passion for both the sport
and the industry.
“I’ve known for years that being a
sales rep in the outdoor industry is my
true passion,” said Singer. “Traveling the
west, working with great people, selling
amazing product – it’s a fantastic job
and an exciting time to be representing
Garmont in the field.”
Fall 2010 | InsideOutdoor | 11

Greensheets
Guardians of Green
Groups offer opportunities to take action at home and abroad
by Ernest Shiwanov
Now more than six months since
an explosion on the Deepwater Horizon
drilling rig led to what many have called
the worst environmental disaster in
U.S. history, news commentary and
headlines concerning the Gulf spill have
turned to discussions over how things
were handled, how much damage
was actually done, how much damage
we’ve yet to see and whether or not the
media, as current BP CEO Bob Dudley
suggests, unfairly created a “climate of
fear” surrounding the potential threat of
spreading oil and made a “great rush to
judgment ... before the full facts could
possibly be known.”
Just three days after the U.S. Coast
Guard admiral in charge of the BP oil
spill cleanup declared little recoverable
surface oil remained in the Gulf of
Mexico, for example, Louisiana fishers
found miles-long strings of weathered
oil floating toward fragile marshes on
the Mississippi River delta.
In other words, the leak is capped,
but it’s certainly not over.
For our industry, in particular,
which certainly is among the industries
affected by the Gulf Oil Spill, questions
still must be asked as to whether the
outdoor recreation community could
we have done anything to preempt this
fiasco? How can the outdoor industry
influence other business sectors,
especially those businesses with
the potential to damage the outdoor
industry’s inexorably linked relationship
with the environment?
Fortunately, passion for outdoor
recreation and the businesses it nurtures
includes advocacy for the shared outdoor
playground by many of the same
businesses. Two such groups with intimate
ties to the outdoor recreation industry are
the Conservation Alliance and BICEP.
Among the many laudable individuals
and group efforts having contributed
to protecting our wild places, the
Conservation Alliance and its success
story have held sway in the outdoor
industry for the last 20 years. Although
BICEP’s scope is different from the
Conservation Alliance, it is answering the
call to shape the environmental narrative
and, as such, is protecting the outdoor
industries’ investment in itself.
Flex your BICEP
Of the two organizations, BICEP
(Business for Innovative Climate and
Energy Policy) is the youngest. It was
started at the end of 2008 by Levi
Strauss & Co., Nike, Starbucks, Sun
Microsystems and The Timberland
Company. BICEP’s interest lies within
congressional pressure to implement
climate change legislation and advance
the green economy.
“These companies have a clear
message for next year’s Congress:
move quickly on climate change to
kick-start a transition to a prosperous
clean energy economy fueled by green
jobs,” said Mindy S. Lubber, president of
CERES, which helped organize BICEP.
CERES (Coalition for Environmentally
Responsible Economies) is a group of
investors, corporations and public interest
groups using sustainable prosperity as
a byline to describe its work to promote
change through capital markets. As
their promotional video states, “CERES
has achieved remarkable results by
translating environmental problems into
the language of the financial markets
– the language of bottom line risk and
opportunity that corporations and investor
understand and respond to.”
CERES’s most widely recognized
achievement is the Global Reporting
Initiative (see The Green Glossary,
page 42).
BICEP members, which are not
seen as major greenhouse gas emitters,
believe all businesses are exposed
to the impact of climate change.
Therefore, they feel various viewpoints
from different businesses are needed
to influence the climate and energy
issues here in the U.S. BICEP’s guiding
principles affirm nine points considered
essential to their advocacy efforts on
governmental regulatory mechanisms.
It is interesting to note, the European
Union’s 2008 Energy and Climate
“These companies have a clear message for next
year’s Congress: move quickly on climate change
to kick-start a transition to a prosperous clean
energy economy fueled by green jobs,”
said Mindy S. Lubber, president of CERES, which helped organize BICEP.
Package incorporates most all of the
nine BICEP principles but in a very
comprehensive package. Known as the
“20-20-20” climate package, the focus
is on at least a 20 percent reduction of
CO2 below 1990 levels by 2020, a 20
percent increase in energy efficiency by
2020 and an expansion of the renewable
energy portfolio to 20 percent by 2020.
(The 20-20-20 regulation was passed
by approximately 75 percent of the
European Parliament’s deputies.)
Nevertheless, BICEP’s nine points are:
1. Set specific U.S. greenhouse gas
levels to at least 25 percent below
1990 levels by 2020 and 80 percent
below 1990 levels by 2050
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Greensheets
This is in contrast to the U.S. Senate,
whose baseline level is set for the
year 2005 or net 15.6 percent higher
emissions than 1990.
2. Advocate an economy-wide cap
on greenhouse gas and a cap-andtrade
system to control it
Incorporating a 100 percent auction
on greenhouse gas emission allowances
is a contentious part of this principle. A
full auction means emission permits are
sold to yet-to-be-defined emitters (e.g.
upstream emitters such coal producers,
etc.) with the revenues to be used to
fund investments in clean energy.
“The balance of the auction
revenues will be returned to the
people, especially vulnerable families,
communities and businesses to
help the transition to a clean energy
economy,” according to the Office of
Management and Budget’s 2010 United
States Budget. The U.S. Budget goes
on to state, “100 percent auctions
ensure that the biggest polluters do not
enjoy windfall profits,” as seen in the
European Union, where record profits
were taken by utility companies before
100 percent auctions phase in.
3. Promote domestic energy efficiency
policies, including vehicle fuel
efficiency standards, building codes
and tax incentives
Included in this principle is a call to
establish a national energy efficiency
resource standard (EERS) to shepherd
domestic efforts to promote efficient
energy production, transmission and
end use of natural gas and electricity,
by way of market forces. End use
of electricity and gas would include,
for example, efficiency standards for
domestic and commercial building
construction, lighting and vehicle
fuel efficiency.
4. Endorse the formation of
domestic policies focused on
clean transportation and transit
development for the green economy
This is the transportation and transitfocused
extension of number 3 above.
5. Invest in energy efficiency, renewable
energy and carbon mitigation,
eliminating subsidies for carbonbased
fuel industries
Clearly absent in principle #5 is the
mention of nuclear power. For better
or for worse, nuclear enthusiasts have
returned with a green nuke makeover
touting CO2-free, scalable, small module
nuclear reactors. At the time of this
inquiry, Chris Fox, co-director, policy
program for CERES, was not able to
address why nuclear power generation
was not included in this principle. He
did recognize, however, “that it is likely
that some new nuclear generation will
be added to the fleet over the coming
decades, but we think that key risks
such as safety, security, waste disposal
and cost need to be addressed before
new plants are built.”
6. A federal effort to stimulate a green
economy, including job creation,
around climate change with
emphasis placed on economically
under-served communities
Long been overlooked in the
environmental conversation, the
economically disenfranchised segments
of the U.S. population must be included
while creating solutions to help solve
this global problem. This effort also will
lessen the impact climate change has on
low income neighborhoods.
7. Establish a renewable energy
policy with goals set of 20 percent
electrical power generated by
renewable sources by 2020 and 30
percent by 2030.
8. Promote action by the U.S.
government to regulate and
incentivize new and existing
coal-fired power plants into using
“best available” emissions control,
capture and storage technologies
by 2030.
Principle 5 and 8 have elements at
odds with each other, including eliminating
subsidies for fossil fuel-burning energy
producers yet incentivize emissions
control technologies on new and existing
plants. Again, Chris Fox: “Our focus is
on eliminating subsidies for conventional
carbon-intensive energy sources that
tilt the playing field to the detriment
of cleaner alternatives. A majority of
national incentives should be directed to
Since its beginnings in 1989, the Alliance has granted
$7.9 million to various conservation projects, helping
their grantees protect approximately 50 million acres
of land and 17,000 miles of river.
clean technology, energy efficiency and
renewable energy. A limited amount of
incentives for carbon capture and storage
(CCS) makes sense to determine whether
or not CCS can become a practical tool as
part of the toolkit of approaches needed to
reduce greenhouse gas emissions.”
9. Support international efforts in
helping developing countries build
or adopt low carbon mitigating
strategies and prepare for the
impact of climate change.
The letter of intent signed at The
United Nations Framework Convention
on Climate Change Conference of the
Parties (COP 15) in November 2009,
in Copenhagen includes seven key
objectives; four of them are directed
toward developing nations. BICEP’s
call for emission strategies, financial
and technical resources and prioritized
sustainable development goals are similar
in some respects to the COP 15 accord.
Although BICEP as an organization
did not sign a letter to President Obama
advocating a strong climate change
agreement before the start of the meeting
in Copenhagen, 16 members of BICEP did.
When asked if BICEP’s members had any
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Greensheets
direct influence on the U.S. government’s
agreement to $3.6 billion in near-term
assistance for developing countries,
Peyton Fleming, director of strategic
communications for CERES said yes.
“BICEP companies were very active
in Copenhagen,” he said, “and one
of the topics they were very focused
on was financing mechanisms for
developing countries.”
BICEP’s Roll Call
Founding Members
Levi Strauss & Co
Nike
Starbucks
Sun Microsystems*
The Timberland Company
Current Members
Aspen Skiing Company
Best Buy
Ben & Jerry’s
Clif Bar & Company
eBay
Eileen Fisher
Gap Inc.
Jones Lang LaSalle
The North Face
Outdoor Industry Association
Seventh Generation
Stonyfield Farm
Symantec
Target Corporation
*Sun Micro Systems is no longer a member after
being purchased by Oracle in 2010
Aligned to Conserve
Coincidentally or maybe prompted
for the same reason as CERES, the
Conservation Alliance came into being in
the wake of the Exxon Valdez disaster.
Its founding members, Kelty, Patagonia,
REI and The North Face, recognized
advocacy for outdoor recreation and the
outdoor retail industry was decidedly
inadequate to take on the challenges of
outdoor conservation.
By initiating the Conservation
Alliance, the founding members
reasoned, the outdoor retail industry
would have a vehicle to proactively
assert itself in various issues affecting
environmental stewardship. Funding
would come from individuals,
organizations and businesses with
an interest in conservation but not
necessarily members of the outdoor
recreation industry. Grants would be
established to finance qualifying projects
with the goal of conserving wilderness
and, in so doing, the outdoor recreation
it supports. The Alliance member count
is approximately 170, and the Alliance’s
outreach is presently focused on
North America.
Since its beginnings in 1989, the
Alliance has granted $7.9 million to
various conservation projects, helping
their grantees protect approximately 50
million acres of land and 17,000 miles of
river. The grant amount most commonly
awarded is $25,000 or $30,000.
According to John Sterling, executive
director of the Alliance, every grant
made by the organization must go to a
project that seeks to secure permanent
protection for a specific place, can
demonstrate local support for and
involvement in that protection effort,
has a recreation benefit and has a
reasonable chance of success within
four years.
When asked about legislation versus
litigation as a means to achieving
environmental goals, Sterling says the
Alliance does not fund litigation.
“Litigation is used as an incentive to
get stakeholders to the table,” he says,
and is “something you do as a last resort.”
The Conservation Alliance mainly
relies on a proactive approach in
influencing policy, an important
philosophical tenet within the core of the
group. Still, the Conservation Alliance, on
occasion, has supported organizations
that use litigation as a tool. In 2005, for
example, the Alliance supported the
Alaska Wilderness League, a coalition of
environmental groups, in its successful
bid to stop oil exploration in the Arctic
National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR).
Many of the Alliance-granted
campaigns are carried out by
organizations set to stop degradation of
the environment by other industries. Two
such examples of Alliance-sponsored
actions are the successful campaigns
by the Montana Wilderness Association
and the Greater Yellowstone Coalition.
In 2006, The Montana Wilderness
Association helped close the Rocky
Mountain Front to oil and gas
development. The Rocky Mountain
Front’s habitat plays an important role
for its grizzly bear, elk and bighorn
sheep populations. As a result of the
Montana Wilderness Association’s
efforts, a bipartisan bill signed into law,
closes a “500,000 acre area extending
from Glacier National Park to near
Rogers Pass” to federal mineral rights
and leases (see www.wildmontana.
org factsheet). The Conservation
Alliance’s $30,000 grant to the Montana
Wilderness Association was matched
by an anonymous donor for a total
of $60,000.
The Greater Yellowstone Coalition
used its two $30,000 Alliance grants
on its drive to withdraw mineral leases
from 1.2 million acres in the Wyoming
Range. This area features some of the
largest pristine tracts of road-less land
in the Bridger-Teton National Forest,
providing key habitat for elk, moose and
Canada lynx. The Greater Yellowstone
Coalition’s work came into fruition when
President Obama signed the bipartisan
2009 Omnibus Public Land Management
Act, which included removing gas, oil
and mineral leases from this area. In a
related development, the U.S. Forest
Service announced in January 2010,
that it wants to remove another 44,700
acres of the Wyoming Range from
energy development. Whether this is a
continuation of the momentum created
by a collation of interests in the Wyoming
Range is speculative, but the recent
success of the Omnibus Public Land
Management Act couldn’t have hurt.
The Alliance’s successful track
record is one reason they now have a
sustaining Legacy Fund, an endowment
established by its members for
permanent operational revenue. Up until
four years ago, all work done by the
16 | InsideOutdoor | Fall 2010

Greensheets
Conservation Alliance was done on a
volunteer basis.
The Long and
Short of It
When thinking about BICEP and
the Conservation Alliance’s advocacy
for the outdoor recreation industry,
the old green slogan comes to mind:
“Think Globally, Act Locally.” BICEP’s
principles are based on reaching
businesses nationally but with an
eye on the international business
community. BICEP’s lobbying voice
uses the language of risk aversion,
return-on-investment and branding to
promote change in business practices
by bringing the message of corporate
social responsibility to where it counts
– the bottom line.
“Act Locally” is the Conservation
Alliance’s yang to BICEP’s yin. The
Alliance model focuses on local
projects usually involving large tracts of
land within North America. Protecting
open spaces contributes to air,
water and soil conservation, carbon
sequestration, protection of indicator
and endangered species and quality
of life for all who directly or indirectly
benefit from such conservation. The
grantees are usually local organizations,
and the communities they represent
directly benefit.
So will the Deepwater Horizon’s
disaster spawn a new generation
of environmental concerns such
as the Conservation Alliance or
CERES’s BICEP? Probably, given the
circumstances, but only time will tell.
What is clear is the outdoor recreation
industry already has many organizations
proactively working to launch
environmental stewardship both locally
and internationally. Could the outdoor
recreation industry have done anything to
prevent a catastrophe, such as the one
in the Gulf of Mexico? That will never be
known. Though it is obvious, funds are
needed to initiate and sustain efforts by
various environmental groups who find
themselves up against industries such
as the energy sector, flush with cash and
political capital. The Conservation Alliance
has shown it can be done. As noted, a
grant from the Alliance helped the Alaska
Wilderness League galvanize popular
local and national support in stopping
oil and gas exploration in ANWR. This
despite an administration with roots
deep in the oil and gas industry and a
multimillion dollar spin campaign financed
by the oil and gas industry.
The reality is there are many
environmental groups working on
numerous fronts worthy of the outdoor
industry’s time and money. Find one
that resonates with your business and
participate in its vision. The more the
outdoor recreation industry is involved
in protecting its business and the
wilderness it needs to survive, the
better the chances the next Deepwater
Horizon incident can be averted.
Fall 2010 | InsideOutdoor | 17

Comfort
Comfort
Quantifying by Martin Vilaboy
Manufacturers and merchandisers of
outdoor apparel typically do a wonderful
job of selling “performance.”
Give them an intended activity and
expected climate conditions, and they
likely can match you to the garment that offers the proper
amount of insulation, temperature regulation, water and
wind impermeability, durability, breathability, etc. What
sometimes can get lost in the discussion, however, is the
more general concept of “overall comfort.”
Certainly, performance textiles and fabrications have
always been intrinsically linked to comfort. With the
exception of providing protection in the more extreme,
life-threatening conditions, when a garment allows an
enthusiast to become too warm or too cold, too damp or
too exposed to UV rays or chaffing, it’s precisely an issue
of discomfort. Yet among the hangtags and spec sheets
touting the technologies that keep us warm, cool, dry or
our muscles compressed, the ability to which a garment
provides overall comfort can get buried. Even the hardand-fast
term “technology” itself generally isn’t directly
associated with the more ethereal concept of comfort.
“It’s not that we are overlooking comfort,” says David
Parkes, founder and president of Concept III, a developer
and supplier of textile products. “But we probably
should be playing that issue up a lot more. ” That’s
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particularly true when considering that a
large percentage of performance apparel is
being used as street wear.
It also seems to suggest an opportunity
for anyone involved in the marketing and
selling of outdoor performance apparel
and outerwear. Comfort, after all, is the
ultimate end game for most performance
garments. If a customer isn’t comfortable
on the trail, logic suggests, she is not going
to want to hear about any particular
technical properties. Fortunately, textile
scientists and researchers are building on
their knowledge bases of clothing physiology
and psychophysics (or the effects of
physical processes on the mental processes)
in a quest to quantify “wear comfort,”
providing apparel makers and marketers
with the capabilities to understand and
back up any claims surrounding overall
comfort of a garment.
Perhaps it’s understandable why some
brands and retailers might shy away
from product claims involving comfort.
Performance brands have spent significant
resources developing and marketing their
reputations for providing highly technical
garments. Typically, the
primary value proposition is
more about “protection” and
less about staying cozy.
Comfort, meanwhile,
tends to be more associated
with casual wear or fashion
rather than function. But it
doesn’t have to be that way,
as comfort can be sold in
much the same way that we
now sell performance.
“There is a great opportunity
as long as comfort
doesn’t become a fashion
story,” says Parkes.
Selling performance and
protection, however, usually
involves hard data and
quantifiable measurements:
this will keep body temperatures stable
down to 20 degrees; this is resistant to x
pounds of water pressure per square inch;
or this fabrication transfers moisture at a
given measurable rate. How these properties
provable in a laboratory translate into
providing comfort in a wearable garment
Relationship Between Perceptions
of Comfort and Warmth
Comfort rating
60
55
50
45
40
35
33 38 43 68
Warmth rating
Source: Hong Kong Polytechnic University
y = 1.4366x - 11.553
2
R = 0.9192
used under specific conditions tends to be
a bit less objective.
“There is so much that goes into user
comfort,” says Michele Wallace, associate
director of product integrity for Cotton Incorporated.
“It is much harder to get your
arms around it and add a real number to
something that you can sell.”
In many ways, it comes down to the
fact that the conditions of comfort and
y = -0.5879x + 62.745
discomfort are dependent 2
R = 0.9669
on the individual
experiencing them. A mannequin tested
in a climate chamber, for example, can
tell us the temperature in a microclimate
or wetness of the skin surface under any
specific conditions. What a mannequin
cannot tells us conclusively, however, is at
what point moisture levels create the sensation
of clamminess or when a temperature
change is perceived as uncomfortable.
In other words, lab tests on fabrics can
give us hard Dampness numbers rating to gauge warmth or
moisture transport, but they generally do
not tell us the “threshold of sensation,” or
how warm or dry a person needs to be to
remain comfortable.
“Tests are out there, and you can go
to infinity sometimes,” Wallace explains,
“but that doesn’t necessarily provide the
appropriate endpoint.”
Does a next-to-skin layer, for example,
need to remain 100 percent dry to keep
the user feeling dry? Or might, say, 95
percent or 97 percent dryness suffice?
Probably, says Wallace, depending on the
end use.
One study by researchers at Hong Kong
Polytechnic University, a leader in the area
Relationship Between Perceptions of
Comfort and Dampness
Comfort rating
55
45
35
10 20 30 40
Source: Hong Kong Polytechnic University
20 | InsideOutdoor | Fall 2010
(Continued on page 24)

of clothing comfort, seems to
concur with Wallace. In the 1995
study, published in the Journal
of Thermal Biology, researchers
observed that “dry fabrics,” which
were equilibrated to test conditions,
were never rated as “definitely
dry” by the test subjects.
“Most of the time, when
you are trying to measure
[comfort], you are talking
about the subjective – human
comfort testing,” says Wallace.
“That doesn’t mean you can’t
do real, valid testing.”
Indeed, human comfort
testing is not simply a mater of
opinions. Textile researchers –
including Hong Kong Polytechnic
as well as clothing physiology
pioneers at the Hohenstein Institute
in Germany – building upon decades of
both empirical data and subjective analysis,
are now investigating the relationship
between psychological perceptions,
such as to temperature and moisture, and
objective measurements, such as skin and
fabric temperatures and relative humidity
in a clothing microclimate. The scientist at
Hong Kong Polytechnic, for example, have
established a direct positive relationship
between the perception of comfort and
the perception of warmth and likewise a
negative relationship between the perceptions
of comfort and dampness.
Of course, these conclusions are
somewhat intuitive and basic to performance
textile construction. But researchers,
now armed with mountains of
subjective data, are making quantifiable
links between perceived comfort and
conditions in the microclimate. HKPUs
figures also suggest the possibility to predict
when discomfort is perceived, such
as due to dampness or warmth.
Hohenstein Institute researchers, for
their part, have gone so far as to develop
a rating system for a garment’s comfort
level, ranging from 1 (= excellent) to 6 (=
adequate), following the German school
grading system. The ratings, says the
institute, are based on a wide range of
textile data stemming back to the 1980s
and combine many individual parameters
to make an overall statement regarding
the wear comfort of a textile. The ratings
provide retailers and consumers “with a
Relationship Between Perceptions of
Comfort and Dampness
Comfort rating
55
45
Source: Hong Kong Polytechnic University
y = -0.5879x + 62.745
2
R = 0.9669
35
10 20 30 40
Dampness rating
quantitative assessment of the physiological
quality of a textile product, as well as
making it possible for those who know
little about textiles to make direct product
comparisons based on wear comfort when
making a purchase,” says Hohenstein.
The mathematical formulas developed
for the wear comfort rating differentiate
the type of clothing and the wearer’s level
of activity, says the institute.
The Basics
of Comfort
Backing up a step, the conditions of
wear comfort, it’s widely thought, can be
broken up into three generalized parameters:
thermal/moisture management
(also known as thermophysiological),
fit/ergonomics/pressure (which would
include compression) and tactile/touch.
A discussion of comfort on the sales floor
certainly can begin with an explanation of
these three areas.
Among the three, the thermal/moisture
management parameter, which
essentially deals with temperature and
humidity levels of a body within a microclimate,
has gotten the most attention in
both comfort research labs and outdoor
performance design rooms. It’s not hard
to understand why.
The thermal senses, after all, “tell an
individual about their thermal states,
both internal and external, which are
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indispensable to body temperature
regulation and thereby to personal
survival,” explain researchers at Hong
Kong Polytechnic.
We also know conclusively that
moisture levels affect temperature, inherently
linking the two when it comes
to comfort. At the same time, Hohenstein
Institute researcher have shown
in labs test how the skin becomes more
sensitive to mechanical irritation as
moisture increases.
“As a result, it is advantageous for
sensitivity and wear comfort when a
textile substance transports perspiration
away from the skin as quickly as possible,”
say researchers at Hohenstein.
The proportion that each of the three
parameters plays in the overall comfort
equation still is up for debate, and once
again can depend on intended use, but
most experts agree that thermophysiology’s
part is quite large. In the case
of garments worn daily, Hohenstein
Institute points to research suggesting
that thermophysiological characteristics
account for about 66 percent and skin
sensibility for about 34 percent of perceived
wear comfort.
Though seemingly logical and somewhat
intuitive, Hohenstein’s proportions
likely underestimate the importance of
the fit/ergonomic parameter, an emerging
area of study which some believe might
be paramount to the equation.
“If a garment is not going to fit the
way people want, they often don’t care
how effective the moisture management
is,” says Wallace.
Consider, for example, studies which
have found that a close-fitting garment,
applying even pressure with a cold
temperature, could produce a feeling
of wetness in the absence of moisture,
suggesting that we still may have a
lot to learn when it comes to fit
and compression.
Certainly, even in the absence of objective
laboratory testing, many athletes
attest to the wellness benefits of joint and
muscle compression, and one only need
pull on a skintight Under Armor shirt to
understand the part compression and fit
with movement can play in the perception
of comfort.
On the other hand, fit might be the
most elusive of the three parameters.
“If you are talking about strictly
performance apparel, that’s one thing,”
says Parkes, “but if you are taking it
broader, fit is tough because it is so difficult
to legislate for every shape
and size.”
The remaining parameter, tactile/
touch, is arguably the most subjective,
but it involves a lot more than how
a fabric feels against the skin. We all
understand the appeal of cashmere,
velour or microfleece, but tactile
testing also includes more objective
concepts such as drape, anti-cling or
anti-static, and the sorption of moisture.
And it is these types of conditions
where tactile research so far has
been directed.
Of course, even these measurable
properties generally are tested through
subjective methods based on human
opinion, but that is changing. The
American Association of Textile Chemists
and Colorists (AATCC) currently
is working on test methods that include
new objective sensory testing,
says Wallace.
“They are working on some round
robins right now,” she says.
It’s not likely efforts will stop there.
Even as objective testing is developed
within the three above parameters,
clothing physiology, which can only be
described as a relatively young science,
continually encompasses an increasing
number of endpoints. In addition
to thermal physiology, fit and tactile,
wear comfort eventually must include
discussions of technologies such as UV
protection, color, the use of minerals
and crystals to promote blood flow and
oxygen levels, antimicrobials and light
refraction to enhance wellbeing. Parkes
even points to the eventual incorporation
of materials such as Aloe Vera
into fibers.
All the while, a good portion of testing
only is done at the fabric level rather
than the garment level, and it can be a
bit nebulous as to what those fabric tests
mean once things move to the garment
stage and people are actually wearing
them, says Wallace.
One thing, however, is fairly certain.
Discussions of wear comfort are set to
become a bigger and more important part
of performance apparel marketing.
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Munich –
Europe’s Outdoor Capital
Munich, Germany is the host city of outdoor_ispo at ispo 11, 6 - 9 Febuary, 2011.
ispo is the international leading sports business network with retail attendance
in excess of 60,000 visitors. outdoor_ispo is actively endorsed by the European
Outdoor Group (EOG) and by retail associations across Europe.
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FTC Proposes
Revisions to
Green Guidelines
What marketers intend to suggest
with their eco messaging and what
consumers really understand it to be too
often can be two different things, says
Federal Trade Commission chairman
Jon Leibowitz. And as businesses
increasingly use green marketing
tactics, that understanding gap grows
into a bigger and bigger problem.
So in an attempt to clarify matters,
the FTC recently proposed revisions to
its guidelines originally created to help
marketers avoid making misleading
environmental claims.
“The proposed updates to the Green
Guides will help businesses better align
their product claims with consumer
expectations,” says Leibowitz. The
commission also hopes the updates
will make them easier for companies to
understand and use.
The proposed changes are designed
both to strengthen the FTC’s guidance
on the marketing claims that are already
addressed in the current guides as
well as to provide new guidance on
marketing claims that were not common
when the guides were last reviewed
in 1998. First published in 1992 and
first revised in 1996, the guidance
provided by the FTC’s Green Guides
include general principles that apply
to all environmental marketing claims;
how consumers are likely to interpret
particular claims and how marketers
can substantiate these claims; and how
marketers can qualify their claims to
avoid deceiving consumers.
The proposed changes seek to
offer new guidance on marketers’ use
of product certifications and seals of
approval, “renewable energy” claims,
“renewable materials” claims and
“carbon offset” claims. The changes
were developed using information
collected from three public workshops,
public comments and a study of
how consumers understand certain
environmental claims, says the FTC.
More specifically, the revised
guides caution marketers not to make
blanket, general claims that a product
is “environmentally friendly” or “ecofriendly”
because the FTC’s consumer
perception study confirms that such
claims are likely to suggest that the
product has specific and far-reaching
environmental benefits. Very few
products, if any, have all the attributes
consumers seem to perceive from such
claims, says the FTC, making these
claims nearly impossible to substantiate.
The proposed guides also caution
marketers not to use unqualified
certifications or seals of approval, such
as those that do not specify the basis for
the certification. The proposed revisions
more prominently state that unqualified
product certifications and seals of
approval likely constitute general
environmental benefit claims, and they
advise marketers that the qualifications
they apply to certifications or seals
should be clear, prominent and specific.
Next, the proposed revised guides
advise marketers how consumers
are likely to understand certain
environmental claims, including that a
product is degradable, compostable or
“free of” a particular substance. For
example, if a marketer claims that a
product that is thrown in the trash is
“degradable,” it should decompose in a
“reasonably short period of time” – no
more than one year.
New to the Green Guides would
be advice about claims that are not
addressed in the current editions, such
as claims about the use of “renewable
materials” and “renewable energy.” The
FTC’s consumer perception research
suggests that consumers could be
misled by these claims because they
interpret them differently than marketers
intend. Because of this, the proposed
revisions recommend that marketers
provide specific information about the
materials and energy used. Moreover,
marketers should not make unqualified
renewable energy claims if the power
used to manufacture any part of the
product was derived from fossil fuels.
The proposed revisions also provide
new advice about carbon offset claims,
which supposedly fund projects that
reduce greenhouse gas emissions in
one place in order to counterbalance or
“offset” emissions that occur elsewhere.
The guides advise marketers to disclose
if the emission reductions that are being
offset by a consumer’s purchase will not
occur within two years. They also advise
marketers to avoid advertising an offset
if the activity that produces the offset is
already required by law.
Finally, the proposed guides do not
address use of the terms “sustainable,”
“natural,” and “organic,” either because
the FTC lacks a sufficient basis to provide
meaningful guidance or because the
commission wants to avoid proposing
guidance that duplicates rules or
guidance of other agencies. For example,
organic claims made for textiles and
other products derived from agricultural
26 | InsideOutdoor | Fall 2010

products are currently covered by the
U.S. Department of Agriculture’s National
Organic Program.
The FTC is accepting comments on
the guides until December 10, 2010,
after which it will decide which changes
to make final.
Schoeller
energear Wins
Innovation Award
Earlier this Fall at the Premiere Vision
textile exhibition in Paris, France,
Schoeller Textil AG was one of five
winners chosen among 113 nominees
for a second annual PV Award.
Schoeller took home the “Innovation
Prize 2010” for its new energear
technology, a fabric from the schoellershape
group that was recognized
as “the most innovative, the most
intelligent, the most technological and
creative” at this year’s event.
An entirely new fabric generation
from Schoeller Textil AG, energear
features a special titanium and mineral
matrix integrated into the fabric to
ensure that the body’s far infrared rays
(FIRs) are reflected back to the wearer
by the textile. The reflection of the FIRs
promotes blood circulation and the
increase of oxygen levels in the blood,
say Schoeller executives.
This additional energy supplied
by the reflection of the rays back into
the wearer has a number of positive
effects on the body, says Schoeller,
such as performance enhancement and
prevention of premature fatigue, as well
as improved regeneration. In addition,
says the company, shorter warmup
phases are sufficient for physical
activity, and overall there is an increase
in concentration and wellbeing.
All the while, other fabric features
such as breathability, weather protection
and elasticity are retained. The schoellershape
fabric features a transversely elastic
bonded wool/polyester blend interior
and exterior in an exciting interplay. The
smooth jersey inside is tone on tone
with a soft outside. Maximum protection
against wind and weather, exceptional
breathability and comfort with elasticity
further distinguishes this award-winning
fabric, says Schoeller.
Optimer Unveils
drirelease e.c.o
Utilizing Repreve fibers in the United
States and Europe, the drirelease
brand introduces its “environmentally
correct origins” fabric, or e.c.o. The new
drirelease e.c.o. combines the superior
wicking and fast-drying properties of
drirelease while incorporating Repreve
fibers, which are made of 100 percent
post-consumer recycled polyethylene
terephthalate, or PET.
The new drirelease e.c.o. also will
incorporate FreshGuard odor control,
delivering the full line of benefits known
to drirelease in a material that ensures
environmental consciousness to
customers.
“We’ve seen a lot of companies
make claims about environmentally
friendly fibers and fabrics in the last few
years, but we were weary of the level of
candor behind these claims,” said Chris
Moore, general manager of Optimer
Labs. “Using Unifi’s Repreve fibers,
International Trade Fair for
Technical Textiles and Nonwovens
Contact us for more information:
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Fall 2010 | InsideOutdoor | 27

which are certified to ensure recycled
content, we can feel confident that our
customers can trust drirelease e.c.o.
fabrics to deliver the same excellent
performance they know and expect from
drirelease in a fabric that is verified to be
environmentally friendly.”
Repreve fibers, meanwhile, are made
with a unique Fingerprint technology,
say company sources, which allows the
testing of post-production garments to
verify the Repreve content of the product.
“We wanted to give customers
confidence in our recycled content
claims, and the Repreve brand provides
traceability of the components of our
fabrics,” added Moore.
Levi Strauss, Gap
Help Turn Old Denim
into New Insulation
Apparel companies Levi Strauss
& Co. and Gap Inc. have announced
separate programs to recycle used
denim into insulation products.
Levi Strauss, for its part, has
established a $100,000 denim insulation
fund to encourage the reuse of
unwanted denim in order to keep it
out of landfills. The fund will provide
grants to community groups currently
involved in construction projects to
offset the cost difference between using
conventional insulation and insulation
made from recycled denim.
As an example of “eating its own
dog food,” Levi Strauss used denim
insulation when it recently renovated its
headquarters. It also donated more than
200,000 pairs of recycled jeans to the
California Academy of Sciences for use in
insulation for its newly reopened facility.
“Denim is a staple in nearly
everyone’s wardrobe, but it shouldn’t be
a staple in our landfills,” said Jill Nash,
vice president of corporate affairs, Levi
Strauss. “By encouraging our consumers
to donate unwanted jeans and then
promoting recycled denim as insulation in
buildings, we can green our communities
from the inside out and extend the
lifecycle of every pair of jeans.”
Meanwhile, Gap Inc., as part of
a partnership with Cary, N.C.-based
Cotton Incorporated, developed a
program providing consumers with a 30
percent discount on a new pair of 1969
jeans when they brought their old jeans
to a Gap store. The old denim collected
by Gap was repurposed into UltraTouch
Denim Insulation made by Chandler,
Ariz.-based Bonded Logic Inc., then
donated to communities in need, such
as those in New Orleans still rebuilding
post-Hurricane Katrina.
“Earlier this year, we partnered with
Cotton Incorporated on their first ever
national denim drive with a retailer, and
it was met with such success that we
wanted to give our customers another
opportunity to recycle their old denim,
help communities in need and update
its fall wardrobe with the latest in 1969
jeans,” said Marka Hansen, president,
Gap North America.
Teflon Offers
NASCAR Fans Chance
to Meet Jeff Gordon
DuPont Teflon, a leader in innovative
stain protection for apparel and
workwear, announced that it has
teamed up with three-time Daytona
500 Champion Jeff Gordon to launch
its “Get Into Gear” sweepstakes. Two
grand prize winners will win an exclusive
weekend at the 2011 Daytona 500, VIP
Garage Passes and have the opportunity
to see Jeff Gordon compete for his
fourth championship title in his No. 24
Chevrolet Impala.
The sweepstakes runs through
November 30. U.S. residents can enter
to win at www.teflon.com/news.
“DuPont has been by my side for
many years, and their help in providing
this once in a lifetime experience means a
lot,” said Gordon. “This is an unbelievable
chance to see what it’s really like at one
of the most famous races in the world,
and I’m looking forward to sharing the
excitement with the winners.”
The two grand prize winners will
receive an all expenses paid trip for two
to the Daytona 500
taking place in February of 2011,
a chance to meet Jeff Gordon and an
invitation to a DuPont VIP Reception. On
race day, the winners have full access to
the DuPont Hospitality Tent and receive
a guided Pit Road Tour. Weekly and
monthly prizes also will be awarded,
and exclusive savings on Craftsman
Workwear also are available just for
visiting www.teflon.com/news.
“It’s amazing that Jeff is providing
such an insider’s look at team
preparations on race day,” said Thomas
H. Samples, global business manager,
DuPont surface protection solutions.
“He is offering a rare glimpse into his life
because he genuinely enjoys meeting
his fans. His accomplishments have
people worldwide looking up to him and
DuPont is proud to be a small part of the
amazing things he has accomplished.”
Unifi Unveils
Recycled Fully
Drawn Filament
Polyester
Unifi Textiles (Suzhou) Co., Ltd.
(UTSC) announced the expansion of
its sustainable product line with the
introduction of Repreve FDY, a 100
percent recycled fully drawn yarn.
Launched at the 2010 Intertextile
Shanghai Apparel Fabrics Show, the new
Repreve product offering includes one
of the most comprehensive selections
of recycled fully drawn yarn counts in
today’s market, says the company.
The new Repreve product line can
be used for wovens and warp and
circular knit production. With a silky,
smooth drape, Repreve FDY is suitable
for various types of apparel, and its
appearance and performance lends
itself to multiple applications including
backpacks, casual and outdoor apparel,
say Unifi executives.
“Because of the wide range of
Repreve FDY yarn counts; this new
product addition will create opportunities
that allow us to penetrate new and
emerging market segments for UTSC,”
says Ed Wickes, president of UTSC.
Along with the addition of FDY, the
REPREVE family of recycled products
available from UTSC now includes
recycled filament polyester (now
available in both FDY and DTY), recycled
staple polyester, recycled filament
nylon and recycled performance fibers
(available with flame retardant, moisture
wicking, stretch and color technologies).
In related news, Unifi Inc. and Haggar
Clothing Company have partnered to create
28 | InsideOutdoor | Fall 2010

a line of sustainable men’s pants featuring
Repreve recycled fibers. Haggar’s new ecofriendly
collection consists of four styles
from casual to dressy (a chino, cargo pants,
premium twill and a smart fiber dress
pant) each featuring a straighter, more
contemporary fit.
“Our goal was to provide ecoconscious
consumers with a sustainable
pant that’s focused on style, comfort and
value; while supporting environmental
conservation,” said Jon Ragsdale,
Haggar’s senior vice president of
marketing and merchandising.
The collection also offers care-free
attributes such as a comfort waistband
and wrinkle resistance, as well as a soft,
smooth hand, say Hagar executives.
Agion Awarded
U.S. Patent
Wakefield, Mass.-based Agion
Technologies has been issued U.S.
Patent (7,754,625) for its silver-based
Agion antimicrobial odor-control textile
treatment for natural and man-made
fabrics and fibers. Agion’s solution,
which can be incorporated into a range
of products in the consumer, industrial
and healthcare markets, is a silver-based
technology that exhibits both long-term
color stability and wash fastness, says
the company, and has been shown
to retain its effectiveness without
impacting a fabric’s drape or hand.
“Receiving this patent further
validates how firmly we stand behind
our textile technologies – they are unique
from other solutions and offer real,
tangible benefits to the manufacturers,
retailers and apparel brands that
incorporate them into their products,”
said Paul Ford, CEO, Agion Technologies.
“Throughout long-term use and multiple
washings, Agion’s textile treatments
actually make whites appear more
brilliant, which is something that no other
company using silver-based treatments
has been able to realize.”
Agion inventors Gene Hendricks,
a senior development engineer at the
company, and Jeffrey Trogolo, chief
technology officer and one of the
company’s founding members, received
the patent.
Climashield
Chosen by Corps
Clinton, Tenn.-based Climashield, a
manufacturer of continuous filament
insulation for outdoor, recreation, military
and hospitality markets, announced that
its Climashield Combat insulation has
been selected for use in the U.S. Marine
Corps 3 Season Sleeping System (3S).
According to reports, the new sleeping
bag offers increased thermal efficiencies
and is 20 percent lighter and smaller
than the previously used Modular Sleep
System (MSS), and is easier to transport
through rough terrain.
Climashield Combat insulation
features AquaBan technology, a
surface encapsulation treatment that
transports body moisture away from
the bag while trapping heat inside.
According to the company, the 20
degree 3S provides 12 degrees more
protection and weighs 0.7 pounds less
than the MSS. The Berry Amendmentcompliant
3S was battle-tested in
Afghanistan last year and now is being
used by Marines globally.
Fall 2010 | InsideOutdoor | 29

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2010
IO Holiday
Gift Guide
Most sales projections for the
upcoming holiday season tend to
follow the themes seen among the
more general economic indicators.
Signs of a return to normalcy have emerged,
but optimism is tempered by the continuation of
high employment rates and an overall uncertainty
among businesses and consumers.
One can find year-over-year growth projections
ranging anywhere from 1 percent to 3 percent,
including figures from the National Retail
Federation, which projects holiday sales to increase
2.3 percent this year. Those may not be the type
of numbers that will have retailers spiking their
eggnog, but they are considerably better than an
essentially flat 2009 holiday season and 2008’s
decrease of 3.9 percent. NRF’s 2.3 percent growth
projection, for example, at least falls somewhere in
line with the average annual sales increase of 2.5
percent seen during the last 10 years, albeit from a
lower-than-normal starting point.
Even so, surveys by NRF and BIGresearch
heading into the fourth quarter provide at
least some hope for retailers. For starters, the
percentage of shoppers who say the economy
will impact their spending is down a bit from last
year, at 61.7 percent compared to 65.3 percent in
2009. Meanwhile, fewer consumer say they will
be making holiday purchases from discounters
this year, and when consumers were asked which
one factor will be most important when shopping
this holiday season, the percentages that cited
sales, discounts or everyday low prices were
flat to declining compared to last year, while the
percentages of consumers citing other factors
such as customer service and product quality
ticked upward.
“When shoppers consider other factors like
customer service and quality in buying decisions,
retailers have the ability to highlight a variety of
other features to help their company stand out
from the competition,” said Phil Rist, executive
vice president, Strategic Initiatives, BIGresearch.
There’s also some chance we’ll see some
returned interest in impulse purchasing throughout
November and December. The number of people
who plan to take advantage of holiday sales
to make non-gift purchases for themselves,
for example, will rise 8 percent this year, say
BIGresearch figures, from 52.9 percent in 2009
to 57.1 percent this year. And whereas gift lists
the past few years focused on “needs” and
fundamentals, there’s likely to be more emphasis
this year on “wants” and fun, suggest the findings.
That said, we still should expect consumers
to be quite conscious of and conservative in their
spending. In turn, retailers once again will be closely
scrutinizing inventory and aggressively pushing
promotions, often seeking creative ways to do so.
On the other hand, most analysts tend to agree
that price alone will be less of a determining factor
when making gift buying decisions.
“We saw the same trend pan out during the backto-school
season and expect this trend to continue for
the holidays,” says Ellen Davis, NRF vice president.
It all seems to suggest that consumers, at least
in some cases, will be looking beyond the markdown
rack and once again be turning to retailers for gift
ideas. With that in mind, the following Holiday Gift
Guide includes some last-minute suggestions
for all types of gift buying and receiving outdoor
enthusiasts, most of which fall within the primary gift
price range and still can be delivered to your store in
time for the final Christmas rush.
Fall 2010 | InsideOutdoor | 31

Coghlan’s Kids Bug-Eye
Headlight
Fun for kids on Christmas day
yet functional all year round, the
Bug-Eye Headlight joins Coghlan’s
kid’s line with a comfortable
elastic strap and a bright, white
LED that never needs replacing.
Lightweight, weatherproof and
designed just for kids, the Bug-
Eye features an easy on/off switch
and runs on two CR 2032 lithium
batteries (included).
www.coghlans.com
Outside Inside Winter Sports
Ornament Set
Personalize the annual tree
trimming tradition with the Outside
Inside Winter Sport Ornament Set.
Incredible detail gives these ornaments
a rustic, realistic appearance
that will look great on the tree for
years to come. Made of hard polystone
plastic, the ornaments hang
from the tree on a braided cord.
Also available are a Camping Ornament
Set and a Cabin Ornament
Set. Each one retails for $20.
www.outsideinsidegifts.com
Finally!
A prescription with
side effects you want.
Blueberries and red
beans are powerful
remedies against
cancer. Research
shows that fruits,
vegetables, and other
low-fat vegetarian foods
may help prevent cancer
and improve survival
rates. A plant-based diet
can also lower cholesterol.
For a free nutrition booklet with
cancer fighting recipes,
call toll-free 1-866-906-WELL or
visit www.CancerProject.org
Spiffy Dog Christmas Bones
The perfect impulse present
for pet or pet owner, Spiffy Dog
introduced Christmas Bones, this
season’s version of the company’s
Christmas Collar. Available while
supplies last, Spiffy Dog owners
have been known to collect the
limited edition Christmas Collars.
Built for comfort, Christmas Bones
dog collars come in large, medium
and small. Suggested retail is $15.
www.spiffydog.com
Sole Exhale
Both an apres-ski shoe and a
winter slip-on, the men’s Exhale
slipper/shoe hybrid sports waterresistance
uppers and fold-down
heel panels for slip-in ease and
comfort. A Sherpa-lined footbed
and mini-ripstop polyester upper
with insulated baffles keep feet
cozy, while Polygiene silver-based
anti-bacterial help fight foot odor.
A suede toe guard and natural/
synthetic blended rubber uppers
enhance versatility. A version also
is available for women in a handful
of colors. www.yoursole.com
32 | InsideOutdoor | Fall 2010

Mango International ChargeCard
Small consumer electronics are expected to be a hot
item this holiday season, so it’s likely someone on everybody’s
list will appreciate a rechargeable power source
that fits in a wallet. Weighing only 2 ounces and
measuring just over a quarter of an inch in height,
the ChargeCard is one of the lightest, slimmest
portable chargers available today. With a 2000
mAh lithium battery, ChargeCard has twice the
capacity of the typical cell phone battery and
comes outfitted with tips to fit a variety of
popular cell phones, smartphones, PDAs,
iPods, MP3 players, PSP devices and handheld
GPS units. 845-258-9903
Real Kids Shades
For the kid that
needs protection
from the glare of
a white Christmas,
Real Shades
offers eye protection
for infants through
kids 12 years old in
boys and girls styles. Rubberized
frames are designed
to survive the bends and twists
a youngster can dish out, while shatterproof, impact-resistant polycarbonate
lenses offer 100 percent protection against UVA /UVB rays to 400nm. The Real
Kids’ Flex series retails for $14.99. www.realkidshades.com
Call the Zippo sales team at
814-368-2842 to learn more.
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5672 InOut_f.indd 1 10/22/10 4:34 PM
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Clif Bar Seasonal Flavors
A better stocking stuffer for the
trail enthusiast than chocolate or candy
canes, Clif Bar’s popular seasonal
flavors have returned with an added
benefit this year: the holiday spirit of
giving back. The flavor trio tastes like
home-baked holiday treats and yet
still has Clif’s athlete-crafted blend
of carbohydrates, protein and fiber
for sustained energy. The flavors –
Cranberry Orange Nut Bread, Iced
Gingerbread and Spiced Pumpkin
Pie – are made with organic and all-natural ingredients, and Clif Bar is donated 1
percent of net sales of its seasonal bars to the Winter Wildlands Alliance. Suggested
retail is $1.39. www.clifbar.com
Fall 2010 | InsideOutdoor | 33

Injinji EcoMade Socks
Offered in a variety of festive colors
and making more than just your
toes feel good, Injinji’s original weight
Performance Toesock is now available
in CoolMax EcoMade versions.
A pure raw polyester fiber, EcoMade
is derived from repurposed recycled
plastic bottles and post-industrial
waste. Seamless in construction,
Injinji’s Performance Toe Socks form
to every contour of the foot,
says the company, allowing
for proper digital
alignment and
restriction-free
movement from
heel to the five
toes. www.injinji.com
Elemental Herbs Face Stick Sunscreen
What better way to show someone you care than
sun protection that’s void of all those nasty chemical
sunscreen agents? The Elemental
Herbs Face Stick Sunscreen SPF 30
is zinc-based and packed with certified
organic oils in an easy-to-apply
applicator. Tested and approved by
professional surfers, the Face Stick
formula is chemical-free and coral
reef safe. Elemental Herbs recently
received B Corporation status
for its dedication to social and
environmental responsibility.
The company is also a member
of 1% Percent for the Planet and Green America
Business Network and endorses the campaign for safe
cosmetics by testing its products on humans rather than
on animals. www.elementalherbs.com
CamelBak Groove
More than just another water bottle, the new CamelBak
Groove is a portable filtration system built into a sleek, durable
0.6 liter CamelBak bottle. Providing fresh, filtered water
on-the-go, the Groove’s filter is integrated into the straw,
making the CamelBak Groove more stable than top-heavy designs
with filters in the cap, says the company. It features the
exclusive CamelBak Big Bite Valve and is made of BPA-free
Tritan plastic or stainless steel. Suggested retail is $25 for
the Tritan version and $35 for stainless steel. Replacement
filters are available for a suggested retail price of $10 for two
filters and $25 for six. www.camelbak.com
OverBoard Waterproof
Zoom
Lens Camera Case
For those with an
outdoor photographer
on the list who
aren’t quite looking
to spend the kind of
fruitcake it takes to get
nice optical equipment,
the Waterproof Zoom
Lens Camera Case features a crystal clear hard lens (removable
for cleaning) that allows for great pictures while
the camera is still in the waterproof case. Take pictures
above or under water with this submersible 100 percent
waterproof polyurethane case sealed tightly with an updated
Slide Seal System featuring Easy Grip surface. Each
case is supplied with a removable neck lanyard and carabineer
clip. 706-955-0241 or www.ROCgearWholesale.com
Brooks-Range Mountaineering
Backcountry Multi-Tool
Cutlery and multi-tools long have
been popular holiday gift items, but the
Backcountry Multi-Tool from Brooks-
Range provides that all-important personalization
factor, as it’s designed
exclusively for the backcountry
wintersports enthusiast. It
includes a serrated knife,
six screwdriver bits
including an 1/8th-inch
Allen wrench, #3 Posi
for bindings and T20 Torx
for DynaFit bindings, a four-size wrench, bottle opener and
pliers. Made of the highest-grade stainless steel and aluminum,
it weighs 6 ounces and measures 4 inches folded.
MSRP is $79.95. www.brooks-range.com
34 | InsideOutdoor | Fall 2010

Yaktrax XTR Snow Cleats
A gift that can be put to use on
Christmas morn, the durable and
lightweight XTR is designed for
anyone who likes to venture
off the beaten path in wintery
conditions. Providing extreme
traction on snow and ice,
the XTR features a patentpending
spike design and an
anti-snowpack plate that
prevents snow build
up at all times. High
strength carbon
steel spikes and
chains resist rust and
abrasion. The XTR is
made with a thermo-elastic
outer band that works
with all types of footwear
and can be worn in temperatures
as low -41° Fahrenheit.
Sizes S through XL fit a wide
range of footwear sizes for men
and women. SRP is $50.
www.yaktrax.com
Beckson Marine Sea Kayak Pump
Show the paddler on your gift list
that you don’t ever want to see them
sink. Beckson Marine’s Genuine
Thirsty-Mate 318P1 Sea Kayak
Pump is virtually indestructible
with a reinforced shaft that
will not flex in rolling waters.
Constructed from non-corroding polyvinyl,
this handy pump manufactured
in the USA measures 18 inches in
length and 1-3/4 inches in diameter. It
efficiently pumps up to eight gallons of
water a minute, yet is still light enough
for even kids to use and will not interfere
with compass use. An optional
red or yellow Float Sleeve is available
to keep the pump afloat in case it’s
dropped overboard. Suggested retail on
the Sea Kayak Pump is $30.50, while
the Float Sleeve goes for $8.75. www.
beckson.com
Fall 2010 | InsideOutdoor | 35

Stop Sleeping
Hot & Cold
Slip Cocoon’s new Thermal Liner into your
bag to actively regulate temperature and
moisture for a better nights sleep!
• Superior temperature
regulation with
Outlast ® technology
• 100% CoolMax ® for
quick-drying moisture
management
• Mummy or
Rectangular-shaped
sleeping bag liners
• MummyLiner in
Women’s and
standard length
Available at Outdoor & Travel Shops Nationwide
www. cocoonusa. com 1.800.254.7258
Funky Colored Flames
A great gift for the Boy of Girl Scout or for adding
a little spice to the Yule Log, Funky Colored
Flames consist of packets of crystals that when
placed in a fire create a show of blue, green and
purple colors that will radiate through the fire for
approximately 30 minutes. Funky Colored Flames
is safe for use in campfires, bonfires and indoor
and outdoor wood fires. Suggested retail is about
$5 a box.
Buck Fisherman Combo Pack
Don’t know what to get the budding angler in
your life? How about a combo pack? And at $40
the fisherman combo pack from Buck Knives is
the kind of deal shoppers will be fishing for. It
combines Buck’s popular Silver Creek Fillet Knife
and its perfect-flex 6-3/8-inch blade with a Parallex
lockblade knife and a versatile Fishing Clipper. The
handy Clipper not only cuts monofilament line,
it has a fold-out sharpening file, an eyelet cleaning
needle/knot tool and a hook bender. The fillet
knife alone has an MSRP of $36.50, says Buck.
Combined with the two other tools, retail tops
$50 if bought separately. www.buck.com.
Energizer All-in-One Charger
The winner of Popular
Mechanics 2010 Editor’s Choice
Award, the compact Energizer
All-in-One Charger is great
insurance when a jumpstart is
needed and there’s no second
car around. It also features an inverter
so you can power devices
via its AC and USB outlets and
a 250 PSI air compressor that
can inflate an automobile tire in
10 minutes. Powered by a 12V,
18Ah sealed lead-acid battery
capable of delivering 400 CA, the All-in-One’s other specs include two 12V DC
power sockets, protected with 30A manual-reset circuit breaker; 200W, DC/
AC internal power inverter; and audio alarms that warn of shorted clamps and
reverse polarity. Four gauge cables, 29 inches each, are included. Suggested
price is $149.99. www.energizer.com
36 | InsideOutdoor | Fall 2010

AMK Core Lite
Survival Tool
For that adventurer
who needs a survival
tool but in a minimalist
design, the Core
Lite from Adventure
Medical Kits comes
equipped with a
folding AUS-8 locking
blade and an easy-grip
handle that includes
a built-in LED light
and single-frequency,
pea-less whistle. The
fully functional blade
measure 1.75 inches,
and the tool folds out
to 3.5 inches. Suggested
retail is $25. www.
amkdealer.com
Balconi Gear Hat
Baby, it might be cold outside,
but the patented and made in the
USA Balconi Hat offers protection
for the eyes and ears for all type of
athletes in all types of weather. A
custom fit every time, the Balconi
Hat is breathable but sheds cold
and wet. It’s available in three different
materials to fill all seasons.
www.balconigear
THE FIRST
THING IT WILL
GAUGE
is your love of
snow gauges.
Does snow metamorphosis data turn
you on? Check out our pocket-sized
gauge. It’s corrosion resistant,
unaffected by altitude and measures
snow and slab conditions, accurate
within 1%. And it’s just 3.5 oz. Hot.
brooks-range.com
Sea to Summit X-Series
It’s like fine china for the outdoor
adventure. The X-Plate, X-Bowl
and X-Mug are constructed from a
flexible European standard compliant,
food grade silicone upper that
is bonded by a patent-pending
process to a rigid, cut-resistant base
made of high-temperature food
grade nylon. The silicon uppers fold
flat for compact packing. Each available
in four colors, the pieces are
sold separately and in sets. www.
seatosummit.com
Avex Handled Travel Mug
We all have a
few hard core
coffee drinkers
on our gift list,
and the Avex
Handled Travel
Mug will keep
their favorite
brew hot even
in extreme
conditions.
Stainless steel
and vacuum
insulated, the
mug keeps
beverages
hot for four
hours
and cold
for 12. It
features
a patented
no-leak pull tab and a carabiner for
on-the-go attachment. It holds 16
ounces and is dish-washer safe.
Fall 2010 | InsideOutdoor | 37

Back Office
Factoring and Leasing
A Powerful One-Two Commercial Financing Punch
by Tracy Eden
Most owners and entrepreneurs
who have been in business for
any length of time understand the
power of financial leverage. This is
especially important for manufacturing
companies, which usually require a
significant investment in equipment,
raw materials and inventory before they
can begin generating revenue.
The key to success for most
manufacturers is to spend as little outof-pocket
money as possible on these
expenses, thus preserving cash flow for
the actual operations of the business.
When used properly, financial leverage
helps manufacturers do just this.
Two particular kinds of leverage
can be especially beneficial for
manufacturers: factoring and leasing.
When used together, factoring and
leasing provide a powerful one-two
commercial financing punch.
“All businesses are built on cash flow
and leverage, especially manufacturers,”
says Andrew Kaplan, the president of
United Financial Group in Maitland, Fla.,
which specializes in equipment leasing.
“It doesn’t make sense for them to use
all their cash to pay upfront for something
that’s going to generate income when
they can lease it instead. Also, if they
spend all their cash on equipment,
there’s nothing left over for materials,
inventory, payroll, overhead, etc.”
With leasing, you make a small
down payment and then make monthly
payments on the equipment, usually for
five years or less. When the lease term
is up, you can own the equipment by
making a minimal buyout payment (often
just one dollar). Also, because a lease is
expensed rather than capitalized, there
are tax benefits to leasing compared to
buying equipment.
“Leasing helps companies
preserve cash and manage it more
effectively,” adds Steve Fix, a principal
with LeaseSource, Inc., in Atlanta, Ga.
“We’ve done equipment leasing for
Fortune 500 companies that could write
a check for a hundred grand without
blinking an eye but recognize the cash
flow benefits leasing provides.”
Going Hand in Hand
Like leasing, factoring can be an
important cash flow management tool.
In the same way that it’s usually not
smart to lay out cash to buy equipment,
it often doesn’t make sense to carry
your accounts receivable, especially for
slow-paying customers that may not pay
for 60 to 90 days or longer.
By factoring accounts receivable,
businesses accelerate their cash
receipts drastically while also
outsourcing credit and collections, thus
freeing up owners to spend more time
concentrating on core competencies.
“Factoring and leasing go hand-in-hand,”
notes Fix.
For a manufacturing company, it
might look something like this:
XYZ Manufacturing Co. needs to buy
a new CNC machining center in order
to take advantage of a new government
contract. The cost of the machine is
$100,000. While the company does have
the cash to purchase this equipment
outright, it could lease it instead – say,
with a down payment of $5,000 – and pay
off the balance over the next five years.
At the same time, the company will
need to purchase a large amount of raw
inventory, prepare their shop for the
new machine and hire another employee
to begin the new contract. Like many
companies in similar situations, XYZ is
“cash poor” but “work wealthy.”
In addition, XYZ has outstanding
accounts receivable totaling $75,000
from customers that typically pay in 60
to 90 days. By selling these invoices to
“Every manufacturing business will eventually
reach a threshold where it can’t grow any more
due to a lack of capacity. Factoring and leasing can
help companies expand beyond this threshold.”
a factoring company, it would receive
up to 90 percent of the outstanding
accounts receivable (or more than
$67,000) within a matter of days to begin
fulfilling its new government contract.
In this example, using factoring
and leasing together could help XYZ
Manufacturing turn a profitable new
opportunity into reality quicker and more
precisely than any conventional financing
a bank could provide.
“When properly maintained,
equipment will still be making money
for a business for many years after
it has been paid for,” says Kaplan.
“Every manufacturing business will
eventually reach a threshold where it
can’t grow any more due to a lack of
capacity. Factoring and leasing can
help companies expand beyond
this threshold.”
Trucking is a good example of an
industry that commonly uses factoring
and leasing together, with powerful
38 | InsideOutdoor | Fall 2010

esults. Trucks are usually leased,
requiring a small down payment
in order to conserve cash, and
invoices are usually factored,
which accelerates collections and
provides the cash needed to keep
trucks rolling.
Automatic
Cash Flow
The bottom line is that it can be
much easier to manage a business
financially by using factoring and
leasing together, because all you have
to do is concentrate on your margin.
Your cost to lease and operate a
machine is fixed each month, along
with your factoring cost, so it’s easy
to set prices that ensure the level of
profitability you desire.
Meanwhile, you’ve created a
scenario in which the business is
virtually cash-flowing itself, and you
can keep growing as fast as you
can sell products. Need to buy a
new machine? No problem, lease it.
Need to collect receivables faster in
order to keep the machine running?
No problem, factor them.
In today’s fast-paced business
environment, where things change
on a dime and opportunities often
arise with little or no warning,
companies must be nimble and
flexible. Using factoring and leasing
together can provide the powerful
one-two commercial financing
punch you need to succeed.
Tracy Eden is the National
Marketing Director for Commercial
Finance Group (CFG), which
has offices throughout the U.S.
CFG provides creative financing
solutions to small and medium-sized
businesses that may not qualify
for traditional financing. Further
information on the company and
their services offered can be found
at www.CFGroup.net and www.fvf.
ca. Tracy’s direct email is tdeden@
cfgroup.net.
Fall 2010 | InsideOutdoor | 39

Green Glossary
The Green Glossary
by Ernest Shiwanov
Buzz words like sustainability,
compostable and cradle-to-grave are
regularly bandied about by authorities
and spin-meisters. Many use terms
interchangeably or incorrectly. So
Inside Outdoor decided to parse the
greenwash lexicon and take a stab
at a short glossary of definitions. The
following definitions are as organic
as the topics they address. They are
more operative than definitive, with
the underlying subtext being about the
discourse that we hope to continue.
Indeed, these definitions are “alive,”
and we expect them to evolve as new
standards are set, technologies are
developed and our industry grapples
with the “sustainability” (see below)
of our businesses. A la Wikipedia, we
welcome anyone who would like to add,
change or modify definitions to submit
their insight to ernest@bekapublishing.
com. The Green Glossary will continue
to appear in future issues of IO.
3P (People, Planet, Profit)
See Triple Bottom Line
Biodegradable
Aerobic decomposition of a
organic matter through the action of
microorganisms or aerobes. There are
no standards for eco-toxicity or length of
time before degrading to biomass and,
in some cases, eco-toxins.
bluesign standard
Launched in 2000 as an initiative by
Albers Group/Schoeller Technologies
AG, among others, the bluesign
standard is a certification scheme
for textile ecology. Using OECD’s
(Organization for Economic Cooperation
and Development) test methods for
determining the various ecotoxicological
data needed for the standard, it
strengthened its global marketing and
technical reach when 50% of bluesign
was purchased by Société Générale de
Surveillance in 2008. SGS’s business
model is built around ocean-going
cargo inspection, raw material testing
and testing of products from exporting
companies or governments worldwide.
Cap and Trade
See Emissions Trading.
Carbon Neutral or Carbon
Offset
To offset or neutralize net
greenhouse gas emissions. This can
be achieved by planting trees, using
renewable energy, energy conservation
and emissions trading. Critics contend
there is no definitive evidence that
carbon offsets work since there are
no models or standards that clearly
demonstrate
the equilibrium.
(Carbon) Sequestration
See Uptake
Compostable
The biodegradability of an organic
material, mostly to biomass, water
and carbon dioxide. Compostable
environments include industrial
settings and common garden or open
space locations. All standards agree
on a six-month period for the organic
matter to degrade. Most standards
support these tests:
• Does it biodegrade to carbon dioxide,
water, biomass at the rate paper
biodegrades?
• Does the material disintegrate leaving
no distinguishable or visible residue?
• Are there any eco-toxic materials
left, and can the remaining biomass
support plant growth?
American Society for Testing and
Materials (ASTM) D6400-99 says to
be considered compostable, materials
must undergo degradation by biological
processes during composting to yield
carbon dioxide (CO2), water, inorganic
compounds and biomass at a rate
consistent with other compostable
materials, leaving no visible,
distinguishable or toxic residue.
The EN (European Committee for
Standardization or Comité Européen
de Normalisation) standard is even
more specific. EN13432 states that a
material is deemed compostable if it will
breakdown to the extent of at least 90
percent to H2O and CO2 and biomass
within six months.
There are other standards as well with
DIN V49000 from the German Institute
for Standardization being the strictest
in the allowance of heavy metals. Many
might be familiar with DIN standards for
their safe release ski bindings.
Cradle-to-cradle
The life cycle of a product from manufacture
to re-manufacture.
Cradle-to-gate
The life cycle of a product or
process from manufacture to end user.
Also known as environmental product
declarations (EPD).
Cradle-to-grave
The life cycle of a product from
manufacture to end-of-use disposal (see
table on page 41).
Degradable
A material that undergoes
chemical change and a loss of original
characteristics due to environmental
conditions. There are no requirements for
time, process or toxicity for this method.
Emissions Trading (Cap
and Trade)
A practice in which businesses are
given an emissions cap, in the form of
credits, that allows them to pollute up
to a maximum credit level. Businesses
that exceed their cap must purchase (or
trade) credits from a company that has
not exceeded its cap or from trading
platforms such as the Chicago Climate
Exchange (CCX), the European Climate
Exchange (ECX) and/or Montreal Climate
Exchange (MCeX).
40 | InsideOutdoor | Fall 2010

Green Glossary
Problems with the Cap and Trade
concept include where to set the
initial levels of the caps, retiring old
credits, resetting caps and regulatory/
compliance standards.
Environmental
Product Declarations
(EPD)
The life cycle of a product from manufacture
to end user. Also know as cradleto-gate.
Gate-to-grave
The life cycle of a product from the
end user to end-of-use disposal.
Global Reporting
Initiative (GRI)
The Global Reporting Initiative, based
in Amsterdam the Netherlands, is a
registered, not-for-profit organization.
It is funded by donations from all over
the world including the Bill and Melinda
Gates Foundation, the International
Finance Corporation (IFC) and the Organizational
Stakeholders. Considered the
de facto world standard in sustainable
development reporting, the GRI uses a
global network of stakeholders to form
a consensus-based process in shaping
and revising its accounting structure. GRI
encourages reviewing of the report outcomes
by third-party assurance providers.
However, there is no mechanism in
place requiring these audits.
LEED Green Building
Rating System
Leadership in Energy and Environmental
Design (LEED) is a certification
rating system for structures designed
and built with the goal of water
efficiency, good indoor air quality,
energy savings and an overall reduction
in its carbon footprint. LEED is an open
source tool created by a 501 (c) (3) nonprofit,
the US Green Building Council
(USGBC). The USGBC, headquartered in
Washington D.C., finances its activities
by conducting educational programs
for builders, designers, suppliers and
operators, selling publications, accepting
donations and sponsoring conferences.
This allows the USGBC to revise LEED
and conduct research. Third-party
verification to assure compliance on
commercial and institutional projects as
of 2008 has gone to the Green Building
Certification Institute (GBCI). Regardless
of the LEED project, all must undergo
third-party verification in order to receive
LEED ratings of certified, silver, gold
and platinum.
Life cycle assessment
(LCA)
A comprehensive environmental
assessment of the impact of a product
or process, from inception to the end
of its “life.” The assessment includes
transportation of raw materials to
the manufacturer, manufacturing of
materials, transportation of materials
to the product manufacturer,
manufacturing of product,
transportation of product to end users,
impact of product by end user including
disposal of product at its end of life.
The assessment has been used as a
tool to evaluate a product’s or company’s
eco-performance, which in turn can be
used to improve it.
There are three different methods used
in lifecycle analysis:
1. process or bottom-up LCA using ISO
14040-2006 and 14044-2006 protocols;
2. economic input output or EIO-LCA; and
3. hybrid LCA, a combination of process
LCA with economic input output LCA.
LCAs are used as a tool to evaluate a
product or company’s eco-performance,
which in turn can be used to improve it.
Life Cycle
Management (LCM)
An integrated approach to
sustainable production and consumption
through the management of a product’s
or process’ life cycle.
42 | InsideOutdoor | Fall 2010

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Green Glossary
Life Cycle Energy
Analysis (LCEA)
The total life cycle energy input.
Criticism in utilizing LCEAs include the
argument that different energy sources
have different potential value (exergy).
Additionally, critics contend that LCEAs’
energy currency cannot supplant
economic currency as the determinant
in business.
Montebello Agreement
(see REACH)
The Security and Prosperity
Partnership (SPP) also is known as the
Montebello Agreement, so named for
the city in Quebec where the summit
was held. The SPP Web site states
that this is a Bush Administration,
White House-led initiative to increase
security and economic prosperity
in North America. Part of this
voluntary framework is to establish
risk characterization by 2012 of over
9,000 chemical substances produced
in the U.S. in quantities over 25,000
pounds per year. By 2020, Canada,
Mexico and the U.S. will “strive to
achieve…inventories of all chemical
substances in commerce.” Many
view the Montebello Agreement as a
North American reaction to REACH,
the European Union’s Registration,
Evaluation, Authorization and
Restriction of Chemicals, which went
into EU law last June.
Oeko-Tex
International Association for
Research and Testing in the Field of
Textile Ecology or Oeko-Tex, was
established in 1993 by the Austrian
Textile Research Institute, the German
Hohenstein Research Institute and the
Swiss Textile Testing Institute Testex.
Today it has evolved into a group of
14 test institutes throughout Europe
and Japan. Its certification programs,
Oeko-Tex 100, Oeko-Tex 100plus and
Oeko-Tex 1000 focuses on what they
term the four parts of textile ecology:
production, human, performance and
disposal ecology. Verification of Oeko-
Tex 100, 100plus and 1000 submissions
are achieved through the ISO 14000
suite of environmental protocols,
ISO laboratory testing protocols, DIN
EN, and IEC standards. Oeko-Tex’s
standards also exceed the current
best practices as defined by the EU’s
REACH (see REACH). The testing
institutes forward their results to the
Oeko-Tex Secretariat, which evaluates
the applications, issues certificates
to passing applications and tests for
compliance during the issued period.
Organic
In textile technology, organic refers
to standards ensuring sustainable
practices during all phases of fiber
production. Beginning with every
aspect of cultivation under the National
Organic Program (NOP) guidelines,
post-harvest wet processes such as
dying and bleaching, textile fabrication,
manufacturing of goods, transportation,
worker environment, labeling/
compliance, packaging, exportation
and importation are comprehensively
addressed.
Presently, there are no processing
standards for organic fibers from
the U.S. federal government beyond
cultivation
ending with the consumer.
For standards related to organic food,
please see: http://www.ams.usda.gov/
nop/indexIE.htm.
Oxo-biodegradation
A two-step process that begins with
degradation by oxidation, followed by
biodegradation.
A variation of this developed for
polymers, such as polyethylene, add
a degradability component during the
material’s manufacturing. The added
component allows the polymer to thermo-
(heat), photo- (light) or hydro- (water)
SPI Resin Identification Code
Recycling No. Abbreviation Polymer Name Uses
1 PETE or PET Polyethylene Terephthalate
2 HDPE High-Density Polyethylene
Recycled to produce polyester fibres, thermoformed sheet, strapping, soft
drink bottles.
Recycled to become various bottles, grocery bags, recycling bins, agricultural
pipe, base cups, car stops, playground equipment and plastic lumber.
3 PVC or V Polyvinyl Chloride Recycled to become pipe, fencing and non-food bottles.
4 LDPE Low-Density Polyethylene
Recycled to become plastic bags, various containers, dispensing bottles, wash
bottles, tubing and various molded laboratory equipment.
5 PP Polypropylene Recycled into auto parts and industrial fibers.
6 PS Polystyrene
Recycled into a wide range of products including office accessories, cafeteria
trays, toys, video cassettes and cases, insulation board and expanded
polystyrene products (e.g. styrofoam).
7 OTHER
Source: The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc.
Other plastics, including acrylic,
polycarbonate, polylactic acid,
nylon and fiberglass.
PLA or Polylactic acid plastics at 100% content are compostable in a
biologically active environment in 180 days.
44 | InsideOutdoor | Fall 2010

Green Glossary
degrade within 90 days in a commercial
composting environment.
It is purported that in noncommercial
composting environments,
the biodegradation will take place but at
a much slower rate.
The Precautionary
Principle
The EEB (European Environmental
Bureau 1999) defines the Precautionary
Principle as follows:
2.1 The Precautionary Principle justifies
early action to prevent harm and
an unacceptable impact to the
environment and human health in the
face of scientific uncertainty
2.2 Precaution places the burden of
proof on the proponents of the
activity.
2.3 Precaution applies the substitution
principle, seeking safer alternatives to
potentially harmful activities, including
the assessment of needs.
2.4 Precaution requires public
participation in decision-making.
REACH (See Montebello
Agreement)
Registration, Evaluation,
Authorization and Restriction of
Chemicals (REACH)
The European Union’s REACH EC
1907/2006 regulation was established
on December 18, 2006 and became
law on June 1, 2007. The regulation’s
intent “should ensure a high level
of protection of human health and
the environment as well as the free
movement of substances, on their
own, in preparations and in articles,
while enhancing competitiveness and
innovation. This Regulation should also
promote the development of alternative
methods for the assessment of hazards
of substances.”
This law is the most comprehensive
legislation ever completed regulating
all chemical substances. A full 401
pages of this 849 page document are
10 appendices that mostly call out
carcinogens, mutagens and substances
toxic to reproduction. The rest of the
document outlines and defines the
requirements of compliance.
REACH will affect chemical
industries worldwide by requiring testing
and registration with the European
Chemicals Agency on any imported
chemical substance over 1,000 kg
in weight. Chemical substances
manufactured in the European Union are
subject to the same regulation.
Recycling
The U.S. Department of Energy defines
recycling as “the process of converting
materials that are no longer useful as designed
or intended into a new product.”
Renewable Energy
The U.S. Department of Energy defines
renewable energy as “energy derived from
resources that are regenerative or for all
practical purposes cannot be depleted.
“Types of renewable energy resources
include moving water (hydro,
tidal and wave power), thermal gradients
in ocean water, biomass, geothermal
energy, solar energy and wind energy.
“Municipal solid waste (MSW) is
also considered to be a renewable energy
resource.”
Reservoir
The Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change defines reservoir as: “A
component of the climate system, other
than the atmosphere, which has the
capacity to store, accumulate or release
a substance of concern, for example,
carbon, a greenhouse gas or a precursor.
Oceans, soils and forests are examples of
reservoirs of carbon. Pool is an equivalent
term (note that the definition of pool often
includes the atmosphere). The absolute
quantity of the substance of concern
held within a reservoir at a specified time
is called stock.” For example, uptake or
(carbon) sequestration, adds greenhouse
gases to rainforests (reservoir) and their
soils (reservoir).
RoHS
An acronym for Restriction of Hazardous
Substances Directive (the lead-free
directive).
Although not a law, the European
Union passed this directive in 2006,
limiting the use of six materials in any
part of electronic and electrical products.
The six materials limited by RoHS are:
lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent
chromium (chromium VI or Cr6+),
polybrominated biphenyls (PBB) and
polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE).
PBB and PBDE are flame retardants
used in some plastics.
Similar standards have been adopted
in China, Japan, Korea and California. The
U.S. federal government currently has no
plans to adopt a similar directive.
Sink
“Any process, activity or mechanism
that removes a greenhouse gas, an
aerosol or a precursor of a greenhouse
gas or aerosol from the atmosphere”
is considered a sink, according to
sources at the Intergovernmental Panel
on Climate Change. A sink removes a
greenhouse gas, for example, from the
atmosphere, then by uptake or (carbon)
sequestration, the greenhouse gas is
added to a reservoir (see Reservoir and
Uptake/Sequestration).
Stakeholder(s)
The online Business Directory
describes this as, “Person, group or
organization that has direct or indirect
stake in an organization because
it can affect or be affected by the
organization’s actions, objectives
and policies. Key stakeholders in a
business organization include creditors,
customers, directors, employees,
government (and its agencies), owners
(shareholders), suppliers, unions
and the community from which the
business draws its resources. Although
stake-holding is usually self-legitimizing
(those who judge themselves to be
stakeholders are de facto so), all
stakeholders are not equal and different
stakeholders are entitled to different
considerations. For example, a firm’s
customers are entitled to fair trading
practices but they are not entitled
to the same consideration as the
firm’s employees.”
Fall 2010 | InsideOutdoor | 45

Green Glossary
Sustainable
development
Economic, social (political) and environmental
development that is harmonized
for the good of all interests.
Many, including the United Nations,
use the definition from the Brundtland
Report Our Common Future that “sustainable
development is development that
meets the needs of the present without
compromising the ability of future generations
to meet their own needs.”
Others contend that this is not an
operational definition and that the
concept is best defined as “a socioecological
process characterized by
ideal-seeking behavior on the part of its
human component,” which is adapted
from the work of Russell Ackoff and
Fred Emery, among others.
Nevertheless, there are some that
consider the phrase a greenwash oxymoron.
To many, the concept of growth
and depleting non-renewable resources
are mutually exclusive.
Triple Bottom Line
(TBL or 3BL)
The addition of social and
environmental metrics within full
cost financial reporting. In 1994 John
Elkington coins the phrase and in his
1997 book, Cannibals with Forks, he
elucidates this concept. “The idea
behind the TBL idea was that business
and investors should measure their
performance against a new set of
metrics – capturing economic, social
and environmental value added – or
destroyed – during the processes of
wealth creation.” He also authored the
term 3P for people, planet profit.
Uptake (Sequestration)
“The addition of a substance of
concern to a reservoir. The uptake of
carbon containing substances, in particular
carbon dioxide, is often called carbon
sequestration,” says the Intergovernmental
Panel on Climate Change. Most trees and
certain crops such as potatoes, rice and
soybeans, uptake more CO2 than other
plants and crops.
Volatile Organic
Compound (VOC)
VOCs as they relate to environmental
concerns refer to compounds with
high vapor pressures (a vapor at room
temperature and pressure) that can
be potentially harmful and therefore
regulated. VOCs occur naturally but can
also be synthesized. In recent years, the
roll of VOCs in new home or building
construction and their contribution to
sick building syndrome has heighten
awareness of indoor air quality. The
Environmental Protection Agency
maintains a list of regulated VOCs.
Zero Waste
An approach to the cradle-to-cradle concept
that includes reduction of product or
process waste and consumption, plus advancing
the notion of reuse, repair or return
to the environment.
Ad index
32north (www.32north.com) 15
Alphatan International (www.precision-pak.com) 39
ASF Group (www.asfgroup.com) 19
Balconi (www.balconigear.com) 33
Body Glide (www.bodyglide.com) 10
Brooks-Range Mountaineering (www.brooks-range.com) 37
Cam Commerce (www.camcommerce.com) 11
Cocoon by Design Salt (www.designsalt.com) 36
Coghlan’s (www.coghlans.com) 17
CORDURA (www.cordura.com) 3
Cre8 Group (www.Cre8groupinc.com) 30
Durapeg (www.durapeg.com) 36
Flatterware (www.flatterware.com) 23
Glacik (www.stonemansports.com) 35
ISPO (www.ispo.com) 24, 25
Kahtoola (www.kahtoola.com) 21
Kiva Designs (www.kivadesigns.com) 39
Lycra (www.lycra.com) 2
Outdoor Retailer (www.outdoorretailer.com) 43
Outlast (www.outlast.com) 47
Polartec (www.polartec.com) Back cover
SIA (www.snowsports.org) 69
SpareHand Systems/Stoneman Avenue (www.sparehandsystems.com) 35
Sterling Business Law (www.sterlingbusinesslaw.com) 41
SuperFabric (superfabric.com) 29
Talic (www.talic.com) 20
Techtextil NA (www.techtextilna.com) 27
Teflon (www.teflon.com/fabricprotector) 7
Yaktrax (www.yaktrax.com) 5
Zippo (www.zippo.com) 13, 33
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46 | InsideOutdoor | Fall 2010

Comfort in an uncomfortable situation.
The snow is deep and it’ll take some hard pushing to move this just one inch.
But with Outlast ® technology incorporated into your line, your customers can
manage heat and moisture when the going gets really tough.
Not too hot. Not too cold. ® Just right.
outlast.com

INTRODUCING POLARTEC ® POWER SHIELD ® PRO.
THE HIGHLY WATER-RESISTANT SOFT SHELL THAT BREATHES.
We’re redefining breathability with our revolutionary new Polartec ® Power Shield ® Pro. It’s the best combination of air
permeability and weather protection ever created in a soft shell. The result: You keep warm and dry. And we’ll keep
creating breakthrough performance fabrics. Now available at POLARTEC.COM.
Polartec ® is a registered trademark of Polartec, LLC. ©Polartec 2010