Complete Cases Chart - Supreme Court of Canada - On the Identity ...
Complete Cases Chart - Supreme Court of Canada - On the Identity ...
Complete Cases Chart - Supreme Court of Canada - On the Identity ...
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Case Name (<strong>Court</strong>)<br />
(Judge)<br />
Location/Method <strong>of</strong> Search Relevant Statutes Issues/Holdings<br />
- (1) whe<strong>the</strong>r <strong>the</strong> search violates s. 8 <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>C<strong>Chart</strong>er? - Y/N<br />
- (2) whe<strong>the</strong>r to exclude evidence by s. 24(2)? – Y/N<br />
Reasoning<br />
- (1) relevant to s.8 + CASES (Kokesch, Plant, Hunter, Tessling, Edwards)<br />
- (2) relevant to 24(2) + CASES (Collins)<br />
Iacobucci J., with<br />
Major, La Forest<br />
and Sopinka JJ.<br />
(con); Lamer and<br />
Gonthier JJ. (con<br />
with reasons);<br />
McLachlin J. (con<br />
with reasons)<br />
DNA sample for<br />
“investigations”<br />
- Police used <strong>the</strong> DNA to link<br />
<strong>the</strong> suspect to a previous<br />
crime.<br />
<strong>of</strong> s.8?<br />
• YES<br />
- (2) Should <strong>the</strong> evidence be excluded under s.<br />
24(2)?<br />
• YES<br />
- Ref. to Dyment and Mellenthin<br />
Personal Info –<br />
DNA<br />
Baron v. <strong>Canada</strong><br />
[1993] 1 S.C.R. 416,<br />
Sopinka J. with<br />
LaForest,<br />
L’Heureux-Dubé,<br />
Cory, McLachlin<br />
and Iacobucci JJ.<br />
(con); Stevenson<br />
took no part.<br />
- Revenue <strong>Canada</strong> conducted<br />
searches <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> suspect’s<br />
<strong>of</strong>fice and home and seized<br />
documents.<br />
- The suspect challenged<br />
Revenue <strong>Canada</strong>’s authority<br />
based on ss. 7, 8 and 15 <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
<strong>Chart</strong>er.<br />
- <strong>Chart</strong>er, ss. 1, 7, 8,<br />
11(d), 15;<br />
- Income Tax Act,<br />
s.231.3.<br />
- (1) Does s. 231.3 <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Income Tax Act<br />
violate s.8 <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Chart</strong>er?<br />
• YES<br />
- (1) S. 231.3 requires judges to issue warrants at <strong>the</strong> request <strong>of</strong> Revenue <strong>Canada</strong>. S.<br />
8 requires judicial discretion in issuing warrants – here Parliament has limited <strong>the</strong><br />
matters that judges can consider, contrary to s.8. Therefore, s. 231.3 is no longer<br />
valid.<br />
- Ref. to Hunter (s. 8 protects a reasonable expectation <strong>of</strong> privacy)<br />
Property Search –<br />
Office / Regulatory<br />
R. v. Macooh<br />
[1993] 2 S.C.R. 802,<br />
Lamer C.J. with<br />
La Forest,<br />
L'Heureux-Dubé,<br />
Gonthier, Cory,<br />
McLachlin and<br />
Iacobucci JJ. (con).<br />
- A police <strong>of</strong>ficer observed <strong>the</strong><br />
accused running several stop<br />
signs and began pursuit. The<br />
accused attempted to hide in<br />
<strong>the</strong> apartment <strong>of</strong> a friend and<br />
<strong>the</strong> <strong>of</strong>ficer followed him into<br />
<strong>the</strong> apartment..<br />
- <strong>Chart</strong>er, ss. 7, 9. - (1) Did <strong>the</strong> police <strong>of</strong>ficer’s entry into <strong>the</strong><br />
apartment in hot pursuit <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> suspect violate<br />
ss. 7 or 9 <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Chart</strong>er?<br />
• NO<br />
- (1) This case relates to a reasonable expectation <strong>of</strong> privacy only ins<strong>of</strong>ar as s.7<br />
guarantees a reasonable expectation <strong>of</strong> privacy. In this case <strong>the</strong> accused had no<br />
reasonable expectation <strong>of</strong> privacy because <strong>the</strong> courts won’t require an <strong>of</strong>ficer to<br />
abandon a chase at <strong>the</strong> suspect’s door.<br />
Property Search –<br />
Apartment – not<br />
owner<br />
14