GUIDELINES FOR SETTING UP A SMALL STOCK ENTERPRISE ...
GUIDELINES FOR SETTING UP A SMALL STOCK ENTERPRISE ...
GUIDELINES FOR SETTING UP A SMALL STOCK ENTERPRISE ...
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<strong>GUIDELINES</strong> <strong>FOR</strong> <strong>SETTING</strong> <strong>UP</strong> A <strong>SMALL</strong> <strong>STOCK</strong> <strong>ENTERPRISE</strong><br />
Basic Requirements<br />
Water: Should have a reliable water source such as a borehole or a dam. A mature sheep/goat requires<br />
3-5 liters of water per day.<br />
Land: For ranching purposes each mature animal and its followers require 2 hectares of land for<br />
grazing/browsing in eastern Botswana and 3 hectares for the western part.<br />
Handling facilities – i.e. Kraals, crush, dip tank and storeroom will require about 1/2 hectare.<br />
Choice of breeds or breed type: This will be influenced by the geographic location of your project as<br />
some breeds such as the Boer goat and Dorper are known to perform poorly in the eastern parts of<br />
Botswana mainly due to heartwater disease. Consider starting with indigenous stock and upgrade them<br />
with exotic breeds.<br />
Market: Survey the market before embarking on a project to know where you will be selling your<br />
products as well as the levels of competition.<br />
Capital: is needed to finance the kick-starting/setting up of a project. Different financial institutions such<br />
as Citizen Entrepreneurial Development Agency (CEDA), National Development Bank (NDB) and<br />
commercial banks may be approached for loans.<br />
Labour: is critical for the success of the project. The manager of the enterprise should preferably have<br />
basic training on small stock management. Two (2) herdsmen would be handy while casual labourers<br />
would be needed during the lambing/kidding period.<br />
Transport: is required for ferrying various items and stock in the establishment of the project and<br />
marketing. Consider hiring if own transport cannot be afforded.<br />
FIXED ASSETS<br />
Parent Stock<br />
200 does/ewes and bucks/rams at a ratio of 1:30 females.<br />
Equipment for management<br />
Item<br />
Quantity<br />
Feeding troughs 4<br />
Water troughs 4<br />
Burdizzo (small stock) 2<br />
Elastrator 2<br />
Syringe (metal) 2<br />
Ear tag applicator 2<br />
Hoof cutter (small stock) 2<br />
Automatic dosing gun 2<br />
Dip tank and handling facilities
VARIABLES<br />
Item<br />
Quantity<br />
Rubber rings 100’s 6<br />
Ear tags 25’s 20<br />
Needles 12’s 4<br />
Enterotoxaemia vaccine 100 doses 6<br />
Pasteurella vaccine 50 doses 12<br />
Terramycin injectable 100ml 8<br />
Terramycin eye powder 30g 6<br />
Sulfazine 331/3% 500ml 10<br />
Sulfazine 16% 15<br />
Oberdine spray 500ml 10<br />
Dewormer 1L 10<br />
Dip 1L 16<br />
Tick grease 500g 10<br />
Coarse salt 50kg 60<br />
Dicalcium Phosphate 18% 50kg 60<br />
Rumevite block 25kg 60<br />
Ram, lamb & ewe pellets 50kg 80<br />
Molasses meal 40kg 60<br />
Marking pen (for ear tags) 4<br />
Heartwater blood vaccine (if necessary)<br />
206 doses<br />
Liquid nitrogen (if necessary)<br />
PRODUCTION PARAMETERS<br />
It is expected that under good management the following shall be<br />
realized:<br />
A kidding percentage of 130 +<br />
A lambing percentage of 90<br />
A mortality rate of 10 – 15%<br />
A culling percentage of 10<br />
1st 20 months<br />
During this period does/ewes shall be bred and 5 months later the first kids/lambs are to be dropped.<br />
Those that do not conceive during the first mating will be given a second chance. The offspring are to be<br />
raised for 12 months and sold thereafter.<br />
260 kids born; about 1/2 are expected to be females<br />
10% mortality = 26 Remainder = 234<br />
10% mortality for the adult stock = 20 Remainder = 180<br />
20 does culled for various defects<br />
40 female weaners to replace 20 dead does and 20 culled does = 194<br />
Weaners + 20 culls available for sale =214<br />
PROJECTED SALES<br />
A total of 117 males, 77 females and 20 culls shall be available for sale from the 20th month:<br />
‣ 30 of the males shall be selected and sold as bucks;
‣ 38 of the females shall be sold as breeding stock;<br />
‣ 87 males, 39 females and 20 culls shall be sold as slaughter stock.<br />
DEPRECIATION<br />
Equipment, kraals and buildings shall depreciate at the rate of 10% of their initial value per year.