Report to the Republic of Palau: 2008 update on Invasive Plant ...
Report to the Republic of Palau: 2008 update on Invasive Plant ...
Report to the Republic of Palau: 2008 update on Invasive Plant ...
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• Extraordinary measures need <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> be employed against Mic<strong>on</strong>ia calvescens because its effect<br />
<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Palau</str<strong>on</strong>g>’s ecosystems would be devastating if introduced. There should be strict quarantine<br />
inspecti<strong>on</strong> for people who might have been in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> woods or rural areas in Hawai‘i<br />
(specifically <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> islands <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Maui and Hawai‘i) or French Polynesia (particularly <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> islands <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
Tahiti, Moorea, Raiatea and Taha‘a) and equipment from those locati<strong>on</strong>s. Any infestati<strong>on</strong>s<br />
picked up from public reporting or scouting should be promptly eradicated before <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> plants<br />
set seed.<br />
• Be very cautious in introducing new grasses, as many <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>m are aggressive invaders and<br />
many species can greatly increase <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> incidence and size <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> fires, particularly al<strong>on</strong>g<br />
roadsides. Also, grass seed is invariably c<strong>on</strong>taminated with o<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>r, possibly invasive, grasses<br />
or weeds.<br />
• The species listed in Table B, seen or reported <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> be <strong>on</strong>ly in cultivati<strong>on</strong>, should be closely<br />
m<strong>on</strong>i<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>red for spread or, better yet, eradicated if <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>re are <strong>on</strong>ly a few examples, as <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>y are<br />
well-documented invasives elsewhere. They may behave similarly in <str<strong>on</strong>g>Palau</str<strong>on</strong>g> if <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>y escape<br />
cultivati<strong>on</strong>.<br />
Table B. Cultivated species <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> possible threat <str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Palau</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
Scientific Name<br />
Comm<strong>on</strong> Names<br />
(abridged)<br />
Acacia farnesiana Elling<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>n curse, klu Fabaceae Babeldaob<br />
Alternan<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>ra<br />
ficoidea [=A. tenella]<br />
‘Bettzickiana’<br />
Asparagus<br />
densiflorus<br />
sanguinarea Amaranthaceae Babeldaob<br />
Family Present <strong>on</strong>: <strong>Invasive</strong> in:<br />
Fiji, French Polynesia, New Caled<strong>on</strong>ia,<br />
Solom<strong>on</strong> Islands, Vanuatu<br />
GRIN says “naturalized<br />
elsewhere”<br />
asparagus fern, sprengeri fern,<br />
Koror,<br />
Liliaceae<br />
Hawai‘i<br />
smilax, regal fern<br />
Ngerkebesang<br />
Barleria lupulina hophead Philippine violet Acanthaceae Babeldaob, Peleliu Mauritius, Timor, Queensland<br />
Cala<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>a majestica no comm<strong>on</strong> name Marantaceae Koror<br />
Calotropis gigantea calotrope, crown flower, madar Ascelepiadaceae<br />
Koror,<br />
Ngerkebesang,<br />
Babeldaob, Peleliu<br />
Australia (Nor<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>rn Terri<str<strong>on</strong>g>to</str<strong>on</strong>g>ry,<br />
northwest Western Australia),<br />
Timor<br />
Calliandra<br />
calothyrsus<br />
powderpuff, red calliandra Fabaceae Babeldaob Ind<strong>on</strong>esia<br />
Calliandra<br />
surinamensis<br />
pink powder puff Fabaceae Koror Fiji<br />
Costus woods<strong>on</strong>ii indian-head ginger, red cane Costaceae Ngerkebesang Hawai‘i<br />
Cinnamomum<br />
verum<br />
Cyperus<br />
involucratus<br />
Eichhornia<br />
crassipes<br />
Elaeocarpus<br />
angustifolius<br />
ochod ra ngebard, cinnam<strong>on</strong><br />
tree<br />
Lauraceae<br />
reported present,<br />
not found<br />
American Samoa, Cook Islands,<br />
Samoa<br />
umbrella sedge Cyperaceae Koror Cook Islands, T<strong>on</strong>ga<br />
bung el ralm, water hyacinth<br />
blue fig, blue marble tree<br />
P<strong>on</strong>tederiaceae<br />
Elaeocarpaceae<br />
Episcia reptans flame violet Gesneriaceae<br />
Koror,<br />
Ngerkebesang,<br />
Babeldaob<br />
reported present,<br />
not found<br />
Koror,<br />
Ngerkebesang<br />
pantropical<br />
Samoa<br />
Eugenia uniflora Surinam cherry Myrtaceae Koror Cook Islands<br />
Flemingia<br />
macrophylla<br />
Hevea brasiliensis Brazilian rubber tree Euphorbiaceae<br />
Fabaceae Koror, Babeldaob Cook Islands, Samoa<br />
reported present <strong>on</strong><br />
Koror and<br />
Babeldaob but not<br />
found<br />
Christmas Island (Indian Ocean)<br />
33