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NOTES 207
surprising because they were basically composed of farmers and artisans. In the
Council of the Lateran of 1215, Fulk of Marseille accused the Count of Toulouse of
heresy: see Tudela, Ch. CXLV.
18. Mirepoix and Montsegur: Peyrat, Vol. I, p. 303 etc; Palauqui, Esclarmonde de Foix, p.
19. Schmidt, Vol. I, pp. 215, 234; Doat, XXIV, folios 217 and 240; XXII, folios 168
and 216; Tudela, verses 3260 et seq; Guiraud, Cartullaire, p. CCL. The foundation of the
first Dominican convent, Notre Dame de Prouille, near Fanjeaux: Guiraud, Cartullaire
and Saint Dominique; de Vic and Vaissette, Vol. VI, p. 252; Peyrat, Vol. II, p. 131;
Schmidt, Vol. I, p. 216; Luchaire, Vol. II, p. 99. According to Peyrat and Palauqui,
Bertrand de la Baccalaria reconstructed Montsegur. In pagan times, a sanctuary
dedicated to Abellio stood close to another venerating Belissena.
19. "Blessed" Pierre de Castelnau was killed on January 15, 1208. To this day, the Papal
legate's assassin has never been identified. Tudela asserts that the murderer was a shield
bearer of the Count of Toulouse who wanted to avenge the insults to his lord.
20. Re: the Papal Encyclica of Leo XIII, see Lea, Vol. I, pp. 169, 170; Schmidt, Vol. I, pp.
221, 228; Louis Palauqui, Esclarmonde de Foix, pp. 22-24.
21. Tudela, p. 175 (Verse 342 et seq). Apart from Raimon-Roger, Raimon Roger de Foix,
and the Sons of Belissena, the most powerful protectors of the Cathars at the beginning
of the crusade against the Albigenses were Gaston VI, Count of Bearn, Gerard VI,
Count of Armagnac, and Bernard VI, Count of Comminges. There were no heretics in
the domains of Guilhem VI, Count of Montpellier. See Schmidt, Vol. I, p. 196. Re: the
siege of Beziers: Tudela, Ch. XVI et seq; Vaux-Cernay, XVI; Peyrat, Vol. II, p. 40;
Schmidt, Vol. I, p. 228; de Vic and Vaissette, Vol. VI, p. 288. Caesarius von
Heisterbach, Book V, Ch. 21. According to one chronicler, 60,000 persons perished;
Heisterbach puts the figure closer to 100,000. Que nols pot gran-dir crotz (Tudela,
verse 495): "Nothing could save them, not the cross, the altar or the crucifix. Those
madmen and sneaky ruffians slit the throats of priests, women, and children. Not one, I
believe, was left alive; shall God receive them in his Glory!" Tudela continues, "I do
not believe that since the time of the Saracens, such a bestial killing has been decided
upon and carried out. The booty that the French obtained was enormously large. If
those ruffians and crooks had not appeared with their King, all the inhabitants of
Beziers would have been rich for the rest of their lives."
22. Re: the siege of Carcassonne: Tudela, Ch. XXVI et seq; Vaux-Cernay; Guillaume de
Puylaurens, Ch. XIV; Peyrat, Vol. II, p. 48; Schmidt, Vol. I, p. 230; Lea, Vol. I, p. 174;
de Vic and Vaissette, Vol. VI, p. 291. Caesarius von