Crusade Against the Grail - Rennes-le-Chateau Research and ...

Parsifal
PART ONE
NOTES 195
1. *Parzival, Wolfram von Eschenbach, p. 235 (Hatto translation, p. 125). The proper
translation of the name "Parsifal" or "Parzival" is disputed. Rahn, in his second book,
Lucifer's Courtiers (1937), asserts that the name comes from the Persian language and
means "Pure Flower" (p. 137).
2. See Peyrat, Nostradamus and Civilisation romaine. * Physician and astronomer Michel
de Notredame (1503-1566), better known as Nostradamus, was accused during his
lifetime of being a Cathar; see also Claude de Vic and Joseph Vaissette, Histoire
Generate de Languedoc (Paris, 1872-1892), Vol. VI, Kampers, Wechssler,
Biographien, K.A.F. Mahn, Kannegiesser, and others.
3. Re: the troubadour Guilhem de Montanhagol, see Jules Coulet, Montanha-gol (p. 48 et
seq).
4. The didactic poems of troubadours Arnaut de Mareulh and Armanieu des Escas were
taken from Peyrat, Histoire des Albigeois, Vol. I, pp. 86 and 87.
5. Provencal is the first derivative of the lingua rustica Latina. In the Middle Ages it was
preferred for poetry. Its name stems from Provence, and it was spoken throughout
southern France, above all in the Dauphinat, Languedoc, Auvergne, Poitou, Guyenne,
and Gascony as well as in the Spanish regions of Aragon, Catalonia, and Valencia. The
basic characteristic of the Occitan language or langue d'oc is the word oc, which means
yes (from the Latin word hoc) in juxtaposition to the French Langue d'oil (oil signifies
yes, from the Latin hoc illud; oui today).
6. All so-called "protectors" in the biography of Raimon de Miraval were heretics who
played an important part in the crusade. Peyrat describes the siege of the castles of
Saissac, Cab-Aret, and Penautier with luxuriant detail in Croisade, Vol. II. See de Vic
and Vaissette and Guillermo de Tudela, La Cancion de la Cruzada Albigensa. Bertran
de Saissac was the tutor of Raimon-Roger of Carcassonne.
7. Raimon de Miraval's poem was dedicated to Adelaide de Boisseson Lombers, a well-
known heretic who preferred the charms of King Pedro of Aragon. Irmingard de
Saissac, the sister of Guilhabert de Castres, the patriarch of the heretics, and a
"Daughter of Belissena," was celebrated by Raimon as the "Beautiful Albigense." Her
infidelity drove the troubadour to the edge of madness. Stephanie, the "She-Wolf,"
wasn't any better. During the crusade, Raimon lost his castle to the French. In his novel
Die Dichterin von Carcassonne, Heyse describes his marriage with "Gaudairenca." See