TITLE PAGE - acumen - The University of Alabama
TITLE PAGE - acumen - The University of Alabama TITLE PAGE - acumen - The University of Alabama
Figure 4. Non-metric multidimensional scaling ordination plots based on log 10 -transformed biomass of six taxa that contributed 79 to 87% to the overall dissimilarity among all pair-wise cave comparisons between cave sites. The diameter of each circle is proportional to the taxon’s biomass in each cave. (a) Oligochaeta, (b) Tanypod genus A, (c) Caecidotea, (d) Tanypod genus B, (e) Lirceus and (f) Polypedilum. Stress = 0.05 for all figures. 1.2 0.8 a Oligochaeta b Tanypodinae Genus A 0.4 0.0 -0.4 -0.8 -1.2 -1.6 1.2 0.8 c Caecidotea d Tanypodinae Genus B 0.4 0.0 -0.4 -0.8 -1.2 -1.6 1.2 0.8 e Lirceus f Polypedilum 0.4 0.0 -0.4 -0.8 -1.2 -1.6 -3.2 -2.8 -2.4 -2.0 -1.6 -1.2 -0.8 -0.4 0.0 0.4 0.8 1.2 -3.2 -2.8 -2.4 -2.0 -1.6 -1.2 -0.8 -0.4 0.0 0.4 0.8 1.2 Tony Sinks Salt River Big Mouth Jess Elliot Scale: 1.0 0.5 0.25 37
Figure 5. Box and whisker plot of litter breakdown rate (k, d -1 ) of corn (a) and red maple (b) in coarse- and fine-mesh bags in four cave streams in northeastern Alabama and southeastern Tennessee, U.S.A. Boxes are the 25 th and 75 th percentile and whiskers are 5 th and 95 th percentiles. The dashed and solid line within each box is the mean and median, respectively. Significant differences (P < 0.05) among caves and mesh sizes are indicated by different letters. Note that different case letters do not indicate significant differences between litter types. 0.015 0.012 a A A A Coarse Fine 0.009 A 0.006 -1 Litter breakdown rate ( k , d ) 0.003 0.000 0.015 0.012 b b b C C B C 0.009 c d 0.006 0.003 d c e a d a d a a d e 0.000 Jess Elliot Salt River Big Mouth Tony Sinks Jess Elliot Salt River Big Mouth Tony Sinks Cave 38
- Page 3 and 4: ABSTRACT Detritus from surface envi
- Page 5 and 6: LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS m
- Page 7 and 8: NC IL ON U.K. VIAT VIE Fig. North C
- Page 9 and 10: AIC K-S Akaike information criterio
- Page 11 and 12: laboratory work and was an excellen
- Page 13 and 14: LIST OF TABLES TABLE 2.1 TABLE 2.2
- Page 15 and 16: LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE 2.1 (a) Box
- Page 17 and 18: FIGURE 4.3 Growth models for Orcone
- Page 19 and 20: chemolithoautotrophy-based systems;
- Page 21 and 22: ecology, 51, 31-53. Gibert J. & Cul
- Page 23 and 24: CHAPTER 2 EFFECTS OF ORGANIC MATTER
- Page 25 and 26: community structure in cave “pits
- Page 27 and 28: communities and how variation in co
- Page 29 and 30: the different source locations was
- Page 31 and 32: of natural-log transformed data (%
- Page 33 and 34: peak in organic matter in Big Mouth
- Page 35 and 36: Figs. 5a, b). The breakdown rate of
- Page 37 and 38: per litter bag. Similarly, Huntsman
- Page 39 and 40: ags was the greater retention of li
- Page 41 and 42: Historically, limited resource inpu
- Page 43 and 44: Culver, D.C. & Pipan, T. (2009) The
- Page 45 and 46: Merritt, R.W., Cummins, K.W. & Berg
- Page 47 and 48: Table 1. Mean (1 S.D.) macroinverte
- Page 49 and 50: Table 2. Mean (±1 S.D.) daily temp
- Page 51 and 52: Figure 1. (a) Box and whisker plot
- Page 53: Figure 3. Non-metric multidimension
- Page 57 and 58: streams, while the obligate-cave sp
- Page 59 and 60: More recent observational and exper
- Page 61 and 62: of netting (mesh size 2.5×1.5-cm)
- Page 63 and 64: the two end-members. This conservat
- Page 65 and 66: crop organic matter significantly i
- Page 67 and 68: macroinvertebrate biomass to levels
- Page 69 and 70: and surface streams (20-35,000 g m
- Page 71 and 72: these factors, the stable isotope a
- Page 73 and 74: surface streams. Thus, it is likely
- Page 75 and 76: subsides to ecosystem dynamics have
- Page 77 and 78: populations. Journal of Applied Eco
- Page 79 and 80: Poulson T.L. & Lavoie K.H. (2001) T
- Page 81 and 82: Wood P., Gunn J. & Perkins J. (2002
- Page 83 and 84: Table 2. Mean (±1 standard deviati
- Page 85 and 86: Table 2. Continued Chironomini Para
- Page 87 and 88: Figure 1. Mean (bars are standard e
- Page 89 and 90: Figure 3. Non-metric multidimension
- Page 91 and 92: CHAPTER 4 REXAMINING EXTREME LONGEI
- Page 93 and 94: individuals, he predicted that it w
- Page 95 and 96: A phylogeographic study by Buhay &
- Page 97 and 98: differences in size structure among
- Page 99 and 100: and females in Tony Sinks Cave were
- Page 101 and 102: Estimates of life span for O. austr
- Page 103 and 104: available size-classes were well re
Figure 5. Box and whisker plot <strong>of</strong> litter breakdown rate (k, d -1 ) <strong>of</strong> corn (a) and red maple (b) in<br />
coarse- and fine-mesh bags in four cave streams in northeastern <strong>Alabama</strong> and southeastern<br />
Tennessee, U.S.A. Boxes are the 25 th and 75 th percentile and whiskers are 5 th and 95 th<br />
percentiles. <strong>The</strong> dashed and solid line within each box is the mean and median, respectively.<br />
Significant differences (P < 0.05) among caves and mesh sizes are indicated by different letters.<br />
Note that different case letters do not indicate significant differences between litter types.<br />
0.015<br />
0.012<br />
a<br />
A<br />
A<br />
A<br />
Coarse<br />
Fine<br />
0.009<br />
A<br />
0.006<br />
-1<br />
Litter breakdown rate ( k , d )<br />
0.003<br />
0.000<br />
0.015<br />
0.012<br />
b<br />
b<br />
b<br />
C<br />
C<br />
B<br />
C<br />
0.009<br />
c<br />
d<br />
0.006<br />
0.003<br />
d<br />
c<br />
e<br />
a<br />
d<br />
a<br />
d<br />
a<br />
a<br />
d<br />
e<br />
0.000<br />
Jess<br />
Elliot<br />
Salt<br />
River<br />
Big<br />
Mouth<br />
Tony<br />
Sinks<br />
Jess<br />
Elliot<br />
Salt<br />
River<br />
Big<br />
Mouth<br />
Tony<br />
Sinks<br />
Cave<br />
38
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