El Salvador - GFDRR

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46 | El Salvador: Damage, Loss, and Needs Assesment Sector TABLE 18. SUMMARY OF DAMAGES AND LOSSES IN THE INDUSTRIAL, COMMERCIAL AND SERVICE SECTORS (in millions of US$) Effects of disaster Damages Losses Total Industry 0.28 15.19 15.47 Commerce 0.58 14.37 14.96 Services 6.89 2.54 9.43 Total 7.75 32.10 39.85 Source: Estimates by assessment mission. B.2 SOCIAL SECTORS B.2.1 Housing Sector a) Background According to the 2007 Population and Housing Census, in El Salvador there are 1,372,853 housing units or homes throughout the 14 departments (see Graph 7). According to the Vice-Ministry of Housing, there is a quantitative deficit in the sector, estimated at 43,000 units, while the qualitative deficit is approximately 400,000 units. Moreover, it should be noted that the sector’s construction capacity in the country is approximately 15,000 units/year. The number of existing houses in the five affected departments is 857,544 units. There is a significant problem of unoccupied houses throughout the country, since 17% of the total number of houses has been reported as unoccupied (V Housing Census, 2007). Unemployment rates in the departments affected by Hurricane Ida are: San Salvador (13.6%), San Vicente (17.7%), La Paz (19.9%), La Libertad (18.4%), and Cuscatlán (13.8%). Most people own their homes, although titling is not regulated in most cases. Only 6% of the population is estimated to be renters. This percentage is divided between the 3% of the population that pays rent and the 3% that pay mortgage credits. The San Salvador Metropolitan Area has the country’s largest urban concentration, with a population of 1.5 million people (27% of the total population), and is where the most critical housing factors are found, due to a combination of factors: i) the population increase in recent years, as a result of the nation’s natural growth rate and internal migrations from rural zones to the San Salvador Metropolitan Area which disproportionately increase population density; ii) high population densities; iii) uncontrolled and unplanned growth; iv) the high risk of houses located along the eroded banks of rivers and creeks; v) abandoned houses in working-class macro-urbanizations (known as colonias); and vi) overcrowding and uninhabitable rental houses.
II. POPULATION AND AFFECTED AREAS | 47 GRAPH 7. TOTAL NUMBER OF HOUSES IN EL SALVADOR’S 14 DEPARTMENTS Source: 2007 Housing Census. b) Situation after the Disaster Hurricane Ida is estimated to have destroyed, damaged or placed at high risk approximately 5,008 houses in the abovementioned five departments (see Graph 8). This represents 0.58% of total existing houses. Although the relative quantity of houses affected by the disaster is relatively low, Salvadoran authorities see the impact on the housing sector as an important opportunity to address the need to strengthen institutional preparedness for disaster and risk management in the sector. The affected houses were mainly located along creeks that were flooded both by high volumes of water and rain and by flowing mud and debris. The average size of lots and houses in the five affected departments has been estimated at approximately 140 m 2 and 28 m 2 , respectively. Houses in the affected departments are characterized as being made of concrete blocks, adobe, clay bricks, metal sheets and wattle- and-daub. The affected houses were mostly located in urban areas and small villages.
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AUSTRALIA BELGIUM BRAZIL CANADA DEN
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El Salvador - GFDRR

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