El Salvador - GFDRR

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30 | El Salvador: Damage, Loss, and Needs Assesment The November 2009 disaster is not an isolated event in the country; El Salvador has a very long history of disasters dating from the colonial era. Considering only the most recent years, one can see how these new damages and losses are added to a list of events that have been duly evaluated through the use of a common methodology, making it possible to compare their effects and magnitudes. This event, of hydro-meteorological origin, may be compared to disasters that occurred in the past three decades. The amount of its effects is lower than those caused by Hurricanes Mitch in 1998 and Stan in 2005, as well as by floods and landslides in 1982, and greater than the effects of the regional drought that took place in 2001. It certainly represents a fraction of the damages and losses caused by the 1986 and 2001 earthquakes (see Table 10). Nevertheless, its magnitude is not negligible, especially when its impacts at departmental and local levels are measured. Furthermore, this again shows the need to address the issue of disaster risk management more effectively than in the past, due to the worsening of conditions resulting from the vulnerability of the most affected areas in the country’s central zone. TABLE 10. COMPARISON OF THE IMPACT OF RECENT DISASTERS IN THE COUNTRY US$ millions adjusted for inflation Disaster Year Damages Losses Total Floods 1982 218.1 67.6 285.7 San Salvador Earthquake 1986 1,351.3 429.8 1,781.2 Hurricane Mitch 1998 219.9 283.8 503.7 Earthquakes 2001 1,137.6 805.8 1,9435 Drought 2001 - 38.1 38.1 Hurricane Stan 2005 177.4 217.4 394.8 Tropical Storm Ida 2009 210.7 104.12 314.84 Source: CEPAL. In addition to the above considerations and conclusions, the post-analysis of the disaster’s impact on the economy’s overall evolution at the national level and on employment and income at family and personal levels will make it possible to estimate the consequences of the disaster on the country, its departments and municipalities. It is important to highlight the fact that, although this was not a disaster of great magnitude, the figures presented above are sufficient to state that this event has halted the efforts made by the country to achieve development and reduce the poverty and vulnerability of the population, and make evident the enormous need to support these efforts in the future.
II. POPULATION AND AFFECTED AREAS | 31 B. SECTORAL DAMAGES AND LOSSES The following is a summarized description and an assessment of the damages and losses that occurred in each sector of economic activity, caused by the disaster. B.1 PRODUCTIVE Sector B.1.1 Agriculture a) Agricultural and Livestock Subsector In recent years, the agricultural and livestock sector’s contribution to GDP has been of great importance; this sector ranks third among productive sectors and thus acts as an important, dynamic axis of the economy in terms of generating employment and obtaining foreign exchange. El Salvador’s agricultural and livestock sector was affected by Tropical Storm Ida in the Atlantic and the low-pressure system in the Pacific, which caused heavy rains with maximum precipitation of 355 mm, giving rise to large landslides that destroyed rural roads, irrigation systems, drainage works and areas of several types of crops, causing the loss of crops and the death of animals, and forcing fishery activities to stop for several days, with the consequent detriment to income and employment for all producers.14 IMAGE 11 Source: National Center for Agricultural, Livestock and Forest Technology (CENTA). 14 In terms of monitoring the prices of agricultural and livestock products, an increasing trend is expected in the coming weeks as a response to crop losses.
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AUSTRALIA BELGIUM BRAZIL CANADA DEN
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El Salvador - GFDRR

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