El Salvador - GFDRR

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18 | <strong>El</strong> <strong>Salvador</strong>: Damage, Loss, and Needs Assesment TABLE 4. MAXIMUM LEVELS OF PRECIPITATION RECORDED IN THE ZONE OF SAN VICENTE Tropical Storm 24 hrs. 48 hrs. 72 hrs. 96 hrs. Fifi (1974) 252.8 379.1 394.1 404.0 Mitch (1998) 314.5 387.6 415.6 419.2 Adrián (2005) 256.6 271.4 296.0 Stan (2005) 207.2 411.5 580.5 705.4 Ida (2009) 355.0 >400 >450 Source: National Territorial Studies Service (D-SNET), Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources (MARN). The maximum critical levels of precipitation that cause landslides in the zone of San Vicente during tropical storms are above 200 mm and rain that exceeds 300 mm. GRAPH 2. MAXIMUM LEVELS OF PRECIPITATION RECORDED IN THE ZONE OF SAN VICENTE DURING RECENT EXTREME EVENTS Source: Prepared by CEPAL. Using historical data, it may be inferred that critical situations for disaster events with a large number of victims occur with relatively high frequency every 10 to 30 years in the country due to climate events. A high intensity of rain can also affect other regions but, based on available evidence, the zones of San Vicente and Ilopango have greater exposure. Lahars of similar magnitude may be assumed to have a period of recurrence of nearly 50 years, and those that originated in San Vicente appear to have the greatest
I. DESCRIPTION OF THE EVENT | 19 potential for occurring in the country. If one also takes into account the potential that, due to climate change, there is a greater frequency of rain events above historical averages, similar episodes could occur with greater frequency in the future. This only reinforces the need for immediate preventive actions in order to prepare for future destructive lahars. GRAPH 3. TIMETABLE OF EARTHQUAKES AND VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS IN THE SAN SALVADOR METROPOLITAN REGION Source: Prepared by CEPAL. To complete the array of threats that the country faces, the periods of recurrence and intensity of impact of seismic events and volcanic activity are considered. The periods of recurrence in this type of events with a high level of damage are around 26 years, and the period of recurrence for events with light to moderate levels of damage is 17 years. All of this reinforces the notion that comprehensive, cross-cutting risk management measures are needed in all sectors and activities as part of the development strategy, strengthening intersectoral and intraregional cooperation. This is also a clear indication that the country requires not only structural and non-structural measures (such as appropriate early-warning, monitoring and response systems), but also measures to transfer and spreading out the risk—at microeconomic level and focusing on sectors with fewer resources and less capacity as well as at macroeconomic level to protect social budgets and state investments.
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Page 5 and 6: | iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We wish to e
Page 7 and 8: Acknowledgement | v The external su
Page 9 and 10: | 1 PRESENTATION At the request of
Page 11 and 12: | 3 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS Through
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AUSTRALIA BELGIUM BRAZIL CANADA DEN
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El Salvador - GFDRR

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