El Salvador - GFDRR

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132 | El Salvador: Damage, Loss, and Needs Assesment C. RECONSTRUCTION NEEDS The process for estimating reconstruction needs begins on the basis of damages estimates for each of the economic and social activity sectors included in the assessment. Next, budget items are added to allow them to take charge of reconstruction under improved conditions (“building back better”): better-quality housing to ensure the dignity of people and families, the adoption and implementation of regulations for design and construction with resilience to future disasters, the relocation of houses and activities to safe, less risky areas, and the expected inflation in the reconstruction period, which may take up to four years (see Graph 16). GRAPH 16. PROCESS FOR ESTIMATING RECONSTRUCTION NEEDS Damages by sector Funds available? Reconstruction Strategy: (Building-Back-Better) Quality improvements Technologial modernization Relocation in safe areas Risk reduction N e e d s Source: CEPAL. In reconstruction, coordinated and consistent efforts between the State and the private sector will be necessary to ensure success and effectiveness. To address private-sector reconstruction needs, it is expected that concessionary lines of credit will be opened for micro- and small businessmen in the manufacturing, commercial and various service sectors. The total amount of reconstruction needs was estimated at US$148.93 million, to be executed between the end of this year and 2014 (see Table 47).
VI. ESTIMATE OF RECOVERY AND RECONSTRUCTION NEEDS | 133 D. NEEDS FOR RISK REDUCTION The previous chapter dealt in considerable detail with the importance and urgency for El Salvador to undertake systemic efforts to reduce the risk of disasters throughout the five key thematic areas. To avoid redundancy or confusion, the content of these needs is not repeated here. E. EARLY RECOVERY NEEDS As part of the post-disaster needs assessment (PDNA), the UNDP’s Bureau for Crisis Prevention and Recovery (BCPR) is in charge of estimating those recovery requirements that correspond to the earliest period and preferably refer to community-level demands. 58 In this regard, it is necessary to make clear that in the estimates presented in this section there must be no duplications with regard to the overall needs identified in the previous chapters; they encompass El Salvador’s economy and society as a whole; and their scale or magnitude is obviously lower than total recovery needs. Early recovery estimates at community level are presented below. 1. Basic Approach of Early Recovery Early recovery is a multidimensional process that begins in the humanitarian context. It is guided by development principles that seek to build on humanitarian programs and promote sustainable development opportunities. It seeks to generate self-sustainable, resistant, nationally owned processes for post-disaster recovery. It includes the restoration of basic services, livelihoods, housing, governance, security and rights, environment, and the social dimension, including the reintegration of displaced populations. 59 The diagram below presents early recovery with regard to the preparation phase, the humanitarian phase, long-term recovery and the development phase. 60 58 UNDP/BCPR makes use of the methodology known as Human Early Recovery Needs Assessment (HERNA) to estimate these needs at community level. A description of this methodology is beyond the scope of the present document but it may be viewed on the UNDP’s website. 59 Guidance Note on Early Recovery, by the Cluster Working Group on Early Recovery, 2008. 60 Adaptation of the Guidance Note on Early Recovery, by the Cluster Working Group on Early Recovery, 2008.
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El Salvador - GFDRR

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