El Salvador - GFDRR

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128 | <strong>El</strong> <strong>Salvador</strong>: Damage, Loss, and Needs Assesment required to introduce quality improvements, mitigation-oriented construction regulations, and the expected value of multi-year inflation throughout the period adopted for reconstruction. The process described above is illustrated in Graph 14, which shows how recovery needs are estimated on the basis of the value of losses, and how reconstruction needs are estimated on the basis of the value of duly added damages. GRAPH 14. USE OF DAMAGES AND LOSSES TO ESTIMATE RECOVERY AND RECONSTRUCTION NEEDS 120 (in millions of US$) 100 80 Recovery Program 60 40 Losses Damages 20 0 Transport Environment Agriculture Water & Housing Industry Commerce Education Health Sanitation Reconstruction Program Source: Disaster Assessment Unit, CEPAL. The needs estimate encompasses all sectors of the economy at their different levels, as previously stated; these are separated for execution by both the public and private sectors. Thus, it is a combination of State interventions and private-sector initiatives. The CEPAL methodology makes it possible to identify and quantify the total recovery and reconstructions needs for the entire country, divided into sectors of economic and social activity. Because this methodology is based on the application of the national accounts system, used by all of world’s countries, its disaggregation in geographic or geopolitical terms can only reach the level of the country’s departments and municipalities. Therefore, the needs assessment has been complemented by the procedure used by UNDP/BCPR to estimate early recovery needs at community level.
VI. ESTIMATE OF RECOVERY AND RECONSTRUCTION NEEDS | 129 B. RECOVERY NEEDS The process for estimating early recovery needs implies using the estimate of production losses in each sector to determine the disaster’s impact on a national, sectoral, family or personal level. When this impact is significant, programs of activities or interventions to be carried out in the short and medium terms are designed for the purpose of achieving the recovery of personal income, of normal service levels and of productive activities (see Graph 15). GRAPH 15.PROCESS FOR ESTIMATING RECOVERY NEEDS Sectoral production losses Impact analysis • Sectoral level • Macroeconomic level • Personal income level Recovery Program • Recovery of personal income • Recovery of essential services • Recovery of productive activities Source: CEPAL. The amount of each of these needs is determined as that fraction of the losses in each sector that will make it possible to have available the capital and inputs required for the normal operation of each activity, which varies in each case from one sector to another. In some cases, this is the value of inputs for planting a new crop or of importing foods whose production is deficient following the disaster, in others such as the capitalization needs for micro- and small-scale manufacturing, commercial or service businesses through grants and highly concessionary credits, while in the case of the water and sanitation sector the provision of a minimum allotment of water by means of tanker trucks is included until the system’s damages are repaired. In the education and health sectors, needs include the funds required for educationalpsychological treatment for the population, repairs to schools and replacement of schools’ equipment and furniture, as well as the continuation of health care and vector control. In the case of housing, shelter needs, urgent repair of houses and replacement of minimum household effects for families are included, in addition to the amount needed for income-generating programs or activities for those who lost their income.
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El Salvador Damage, Loss, and Needs
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| iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We wish to e
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Acknowledgement | v The external su
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| 1 PRESENTATION At the request of
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| 3 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS Through
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| 5 I. DESCRIPTION OF THE EVENT A.
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El Salvador - GFDRR

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