El Salvador - GFDRR

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98 | El Salvador: Damage, Loss, and Needs Assesment TABLE 40. PERCENTAGE OF HOUSEHOLDS WITH ACCESS TO WATER WITHIN THE HOME Municipality Urban Rural San Vicente 82.5 63.2 Verapaz 83.3 67.8 Paraíso de Osorio 40.2 11.0 San Antonio Masahuat 65.2 35.0 San Emigdio 26.6 11.0 San Francisco Chinameca 56.5 18.3 San Juan Nonualco 90.7 36.6 San Luis La Herradura 64.0 25.1 San Pedro Masahuat 39.3 43.1 Panchimalco 75.7 36.6 Santo Tomas 68.2 22.2 Source: Population and Housing Census, 2007, DIGESTYC. TABLE 41. VALUE OF WOMEN’S REPRODUCTIVE WORK IN HOMES TOTALLY OR PARTIALLY DESTROYED Department Women a US$ thousands La Libertad 112 70.2 San Salvador 1,263 789.9 Cuscatlán 730 456.8 La Paz 1,835 1,147.8 San Vicente 1,614 1,009.5 Total 5,554 3,474.1 Source: Population and Housing Census, 2007 DIGESTYC. a Women with reproductive work. Although the abovementioned survey of shelters has not been conducted, visits by various NGOs, IS- DEMU and mission members have found a good level of organization, a certain degree of protection and deficient coverage of articles for hygiene and of women’s underwear.
III. CROSS-CUTTING ISSUES | 99 C. FRAMEWORK FOR RECOVERY Physical damages have been concentrated on the poorest families, due to the precarious nature of their houses and to their location in informal settlements, especially those along riverbanks and on the dry beds of old rivers and streams that, with the volumes of water produced by Ida, have filled again, leaving destruction and death in their path. The paralysis of productive activities has generated losses that have weakened the family economy and, to the extent that productive assets are not replaced, the affected households will face a very severe deterioration of their living conditions. In terms of structuring the social network for recovery, the situation is different between larger cities that are more closely linked to the national government’s sectoral actions, as may be the case of San Salvador, and smaller cities where the community’s linkage is closer to and dependent on actions by local governments. Moreover, in the former there are private agencies which, by seeking greater impacts, focus their efforts on places where damages are greater or reach a larger population. Furthermore, in larger cities, the fact that populations have lost their homes does not necessarily mean that they have lost their livelihoods because they have kept their jobs or, since they are associated with the job market, they can enter it. It is a different case for affected populations of smaller cities or rural towns that have lost everything, such as those analyzed in this section, in which the subsistence economy and the lack of linkage with the market generate a high level of dependence on state efforts in general and on municipal efforts in particular. However, the social perception is that “the municipalities are asleep, but the communities are active and eager to undertake recovery efforts even without waiting for (or because they do not expect) action by the State”. 44 In the zones visited by the mission, spontaneous efforts by the communities have been reported; these communities have organized to remove debris and recover access roads. This is not an isolated incident but rather a characteristic of the Salvadoran people, considered one of the most hard working and enterprising in Central America. If the spontaneous efforts carried out by the population can be adequately channeled with regard to early recovery programs based on the hiring the victims themselves as labor 45 to carry out the works, these may be the basis of a participatory, effective process with multiple effects: 1) The payment of daily wages to those affected who are hired as labor to carry out the works, contributes directly and effectively to the recovery of the family economy and the reduction in demands for humanitarian aid. 44 Interview with representatives of CARITAS and the Ministry of Agriculture in the Municipality of San Vicente. 45 In principle, unskilled labor is required to remove debris and carry out simple activities such as cleaning culverts, sewers and drainage systems, but thought may be given to including the skilled labor that exists in the communities to carry out small works such as the rehabilitation of culverts, sewers and small bridges, the channeling of rivers and streams, river defense works, reinforcement of slopes, etc.
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AUSTRALIA BELGIUM BRAZIL CANADA DEN
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El Salvador - GFDRR

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