Preventive Resettlement of Populations at Risk of Disaster - GFDRR

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canalizing streams, and carrying out urbanization activities alongside them. The program ended in 2008, following an investment of approximately US$1.35 billion. Interventions in geological risk areas The Technical Advice Office for Works and Services of the Municipal Secretariat for Coordination of the subdivisions of the Mayor’s Office (subalcaldías) seeks to control mudslides on slopes and the banks of streams. From 2005-2008, the program carried out 202 works in 562 locations considered to be at geological risk in 20 subalcaldías. Stream canalization The unauthorized occupation of land on the banks of streams in São Paulo put the low-income population that settled there at risk. These settlements also cause water pollution and sedimentation in the streams because they dispose of solid waste directly into them, which in turn, increases flooding risks. One program designed to mitigate and reverse these conditions was PROCAV, which began at the end of the 1980s. It included a series of multi-faceted works in the catchment basins of the metropolitan region and was carried out in two stages, from 1987-1994 and from 1995-2007. It was initially estimated that the program would take from four to five years to complete, but, due to its complexity, it lasted 10. The US$1.05 billion investment was used to canalize 63.3 km in 21 streams, construct 60.4 km of roads alongside the canals, and build eight dams. The program involved resettling 7,544 families—2,585 from 1987-1994, and 5,137 from 1995-2007—who were occupying the areas where the works were carried out and where there were recurrent floods. The resettlement solutions for those families included: ■■ Resettlement in three housing complexes (benefiting 5,288 families—1,590 in the first stage and 3,876 in the second); ■■ ■■ Resettlement in safe areas of the same neighborhoods (634 families) Cash compensation for properties whose owners had obtained official permits and deeds, involving 1,622 families, 995 in the first stage and 627 in the second (see Table 4.5). Table 4.5. Number of Families Resettled during the Stream Canalization Program First Stage 1987-1994 Second Stage 1995-2007 Total Percentage Resettlement to housing complexes 1,590 3,876 5,288 70 Financial compensation, expropriation 995 627 1622 22 Resettlement in remaining areas of same neighborhood 634 634 8 Total 2,585 5,137 7,544 100 Source: Archives SEHAB – GePROCAV – IDB C. Case Study: Stream Canalization Program II The case study focuses on the second stage of the Stream Canalization Program PROCAV, from 1995-2007. 1. Objectives The objectives of the second stage of the Stream Canalization Program included: ■■ ■■ ■■ Reducing the problems triggering frequent floods along the streams by canalizing them and thus increasing their hydraulic capacity; Reducing the risk of mudslides caused by destabilized construction and streets located next to the streams; Improving sanitary and housing conditions for the target families by moving those at risk to higher quality houses; 48 Preventive Resettlement of Populations at Risk of Disaster: Experiences from Latin America
■■ ■■ Improving transportation in the low areas and stream maintenance by building streets parallel to the canalized streams; Protecting green areas. Map 4.4. PROCAV II: Location of Civil Works and Resettlement Sites Thus, PROCAV II was conceived as a program to reverse environmental and social degradation in the lowlying areas of micro-basins in São Paulo. Under a single program, it improved both the living and sanitary conditions of the population in the capital’s most critical sub-basins by canalizing and draining streams and thus helping solve flood-related problems. The program’s other components, such as street construction and paving, helped solve traffic and access issues and well as problems related to housing, sanitation, reclaiming urban space, environmental education and institution-building. 2. Components The program included the following components: ■■ Stream channelization and check dams in 13 streams, along with seven storm water retention ponds; ■■ ■■ ■■ ■■ Building roads to improve traffic and access, and reclaim urban spaces; Resettling the population located in at-risk areas and those required for infrastructure works; Establishing green areas and protecting microbasins, as well as implementing the environmental education plan targeting the population in the program’s service area; Strengthening institutional capacities by devising an information system in the Emergency Management Center (Centro Gerenciamento de Emergências, CGE) to prevent floods and strengthening the Municipal Ecological and Environmental Secretariat. Map 4.4 shows the location of PROCAV II works in São Paulo. Source: SEHAB-GREPROCAV–IDB Archives. 3. Institutional Organization The design and implementation of the program were carried out by the PROCAV Management Unit (Unidade de Gestão de PROCAV, GEPROCAV), an institution created in February 1987 to ensure greater autonomy within the city council. As the unit responsible for budgeting and administering expenditures, GEPROCAV reported to the Municipal Secretariat of Urban Infrastructure and was linked with several divisions of the São Paulo city council (Secretariats of Infrastructure, Finance, Legal Affairs, Housing, and Ecology and Environment). The resettlement process was run by the Housing Secretariat (Secretaria Municipal da Habitação, SEHAB), which formed two management and support teams composed of seven engineers and architects, 11 social workers, two sociologists, and one attorney. To construct the housing complexes and manage the social aspects of the resettlement plan, SEHAB hired specialized companies through competitive bidding processes. Chapter 4 Changes in the Quality of Life for People in High Risk Areas | Brazil | 49
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Preventive Resettlement of Populati
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Contents Abbreviations ............
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9. Lessons Learned During the Reloc
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10. The Transition from the Informa
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Table 6.2. Institutions Involved in
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Chapter 3 CIA COAH-INA CONAE EM-DAT
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NEPO NUDEC PPDC PROCAV SEHAB SINDEC
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CIAAP COCODE COE COMUDE CONRED DICA
Page 19 and 20: Foreword Latin America and the Cari
Page 21: options to resettle the population,
Page 24 and 25: Figure 1.1. Occurrence of Geologica
Page 26 and 27: Figure 1.4. Percentage of Deaths by
Page 28 and 29: words, 72.2 percent of the deaths w
Page 30 and 31: (Figure 1.8). In that same period,
Page 32 and 33: Ecuador and Peru) are estimated to
Page 34 and 35: the solid waste discharged into the
Page 36 and 37: Figure 1.13. The Hyogo Framework fo
Page 38 and 39: grinding poverty and weak governanc
Page 40 and 41: ———. 2009a. Global Assessment
Page 42 and 43: ■■ for the population affected
Page 44 and 45: Mechanisms for consulting and negot
Page 46 and 47: Photo: Willie Heinz/IDB
Page 48 and 49: Figure 3.1. Percentage of the Urban
Page 50 and 51: the unit again, to the National Dir
Page 52 and 53: ity to floods within the participat
Page 54 and 55: ecame active subjects in transformi
Page 56 and 57: These agreements could have been te
Page 58 and 59: unable to do the actual constructio
Page 60 and 61: 4.10 Use Made of Reclaimed Flood-ri
Page 62 and 63: The self-effort and mutual assistan
Page 64 and 65: References Arnold, Margaret. 2004.
Page 66 and 67: The most significant natural disast
Page 68 and 69: ■■ Organize and coordinate SIND
Page 72 and 73: 4. Profile of the Population The fa
Page 74 and 75: In this option, families were tempo
Page 76 and 77: lished when PROCAV II was launched
Page 78 and 79: housing, they more readily accepted
Page 81 and 82: Chapter 5: Colombia Nueva Esperanza
Page 83 and 84: Table 5.1 Effects of the Five Sever
Page 85 and 86: B. Capital District of Bogotá Bogo
Page 87 and 88: SDPAE includes 25 institutions in t
Page 89 and 90: Initially, the amount assessed due
Page 91 and 92: Table 5.3. Participation of Capital
Page 93 and 94: Figure 5.4 Types of Houses BUILT WI
Page 95 and 96: Table 5.6 Continuation Activities E
Page 97 and 98: 7.2 Support for Moving to the New H
Page 99 and 100: in municipalities in the Andean, Ca
Page 101 and 102: were maintained. The teams of profe
Page 103 and 104: 12. Lessons Learned Because the res
Page 105: Bibliography Alcaldía Mayor de Bog
Page 108 and 109: worst threat, followed by tropical
Page 110 and 111: In its prevention activities, CONRE
Page 112 and 113: 4.3 Disaster Risk Management Model
Page 114 and 115: This integrated and culturally sens
Page 116 and 117: 4. Consequences of Tropical Storm S
Page 118 and 119: To that end, the Santiago Atitlán
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Table 6.2. Continuation Component C
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tion Commission consisting of the l
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■■ ■■ ■■ ■■ Cultura
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■■ ■■ ■■ ■■ ■■
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Bibliography INSIVUMEH (Instituto N
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emarkable growth is not accompanied
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synergies created to overcome one o
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and status: They went from being in
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eligious beliefs - converged to cre
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Glossary * Acceptable risk The leve
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Hazard A dangerous phenomenon, subs
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About the Authors and Contributors
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Preventive Resettlement of Populations at Risk of Disaster - GFDRR

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