Preventive Resettlement of Populations at Risk of Disaster - GFDRR

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About the Authors and Contributors Haris Sanahuja, an Argentinean now living in Panama, has a B.A. in Biology and an M.A. in Geography from the University of Costa Rica. He has 15 years of international experience in sustainable development, particularly in, disaster risk reduction He has consulted for international organizations, including The World Bank, sub-regional organizations like the Center for Coordination of Natural Disaster Prevention in Central America (CEPREDENAC) and United Nations agencies, such as the UN Development Programme’s Bureau for Crisis Prevention and Recovery (UNDP/BCPR) and the Secretariat of the UN International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR). Also, he worked at the UNISDR headquarters in Geneva until 2005, and as the Regional Policy Advisor of UNISDR Americas, based in Panama, until 2009. His principal research, either as co-author or reviewer, includes the UN publications Living with Risk: A Global Review of Disaster Reduction Initiatives (UNISDR) and Reducing Disaster Risk: A Challenge for Development (UNDP/ BCPR), and over a dozen scientific articles in journals specializing in disaster risk-management and ecology. (haris.sanahuja@gmail.com) Elena Correa, a Colombian, is a psychologist and specialist in regional development planning, which she studied at the Universidad de los Andes in Bogota. She has over 25 years’ experience with social impact assessments of development projects and resettlement. Having joined The World Bank in 2000 as a Senior Social Development Specialist, she has worked in the Latin American and the Caribbean Region for seven years. At present, she is in the Social Development Department working on involuntary resettlement caused by development projects, natural disasters and conflict. Before joining The World Bank, she taught at several Colombian universities, worked for 12 years as Coordinator for Resettlement and Social Programs in two large hydro-electric projects in Latin America, and provided independent consulting services for assessing and managing socioeconomic impacts in complex projects in several countries. Her publications include a book on Socio-Economic Impacts of Large Projects: Assessment and Management (1999). (ecorrea@ worldbank.org/correaelena@gmail.com) Rómulo Pérez, an Argentinean, is an architect with an M.A. in Urban and Regional Planning from the University of Buenos Aires (UBA). He has lectured at both the UBA and Argentina’s Catholic University. Having 18 years’ experience with urban and regional planning, he is currently doing research at the UBA’s Higher Institute for Urban Planning, Regional Studies and Environment. He has worked on projects involving the recovery of degraded urban areas and the restructuring/expansion of the Central Area of Avellaneda; Argentina’s environmental strategies program; and the master plan for the River Salado Basin in Buenos Aires province. Recent publications include: Derecho de superficie y dimensión social de la propiedad del suelo. Un instrumento para la implementación de políticas públicas activas de desarrollo urbano ambiental. (2007) [Surface Rights and the Social Dimension of Land Ownership. A Tool for Implementing Proactive Public Policies in Environmental Urban Development], Reconfiguración institucional de gobiernos urbanos, el caso de los grandes aglomerados (co-authored, 2007) [Institutional Reconfiguration of City Governments; The Case of the Large Urban Centers] and Estructuración institucional para la planificación y gestión integradas del aglomerado urbano de Buenos Aires (co-authored, 2005) [Institutional Structuring for Integrated Planning and Management of the Buenos Aires Urban Center] (romuloperez@fibertel.com.ar). Ignacio Zelmeister, an Argentinean, is an architect with a post-graduate degree in Metropolitan Environmental Management from the National University of Buenos Aires. He has worked for 17 years at the Emergency Coordination Unit of Argentina’s Ministry of Federal Planning, Public Investment and Services on the resettlement of the very poor living in areas affected by flooding and on the planning and coordination of housing programs using selfconstruction and mutual assistance. He has also 120 Preventive Resettlement of Populations at Risk of Disaster: Experiences from Latin America
worked in private sector management positions in construction companies. He is a co-author of: Viviendas por autoconstrucción. La experiencia en el programa de protección contra las inundaciones [Self-Built Homes. Experience with the Flood Protection Program] and Arquitectura para la emergencia social y ambiental [Architecture for Social and Environmental Emergencies] (zelig@fibertel.com.ar nachozel@gmail.com). Ronaldo Marques, a Brazilian, studied public administration and has a post-graduate degree in economics from the University of Campinas. He has 25 years’ experience in the field of socio- environmental studies. Currently, he is the Coordinator of Brazil’s Special Committee on the Environment of Companhia Paulista de Trens Metropolitanos (CPTM). In 2004, he served as Municipal Secretary for Services of the Municipality of Sao Paulo (ro.mm@terra.com.br). Marilia Scombatti, a Brazilian, studied sociology and has an M.A. in Urban Planning from the University of the Sorbonne. She has 30 years’ experience with involuntary resettlement projects. She has been a consultant for private sector enterprises, the Inter-American Development Bank and the World Bank. Her areas of expertise include: social and environmental impact mitigation; resettlement plans; media programs; environmental training; and the monitoring and evaluation of social program outcomes. She has worked in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela (mariliascombatti@gmail.com). Eduardo Aguirre Cantero, a Guatemalan, is an architect who graduated from the University San Carlos de Guatemala and specializes in risk management. He has served in several government posts, including the Manager of the Office of the President and the Vice President of the Republic. From 2006-2008 he was Coordinator General of Guatemala’s Reconstruction with Transformation Plan following Hurricane Stan. He was also National Coordinator of Pro Habitat (Production and Housing), a UN and Guatemalan government project to design 60 urban centers for risk prevention and mitigation. He was National Coordinator of the reconstruction and risk management component of the municipal local development program supported by the German Cooperation agency (GTZ), and Assistant Secretary of the Peace Secretariat. He has also served as Dean of the Architecture Faculty at the University of San Carlos, Director of the Farusac Research Center, professor and founder of M.A. programs in Human Settlements and Environmental Protection. He has also been a consultant for UNDP, the World Bank and the GTZ. He has won national and international awards for his work promoting housing for low-income families. Publications include: Historia de la Arquitectura contemporánea de Guatemala (1997) [The History of Contemporary Guatemalan Architecture] and Arquitectura vernácula guatemalteca (1991) [Guatemalan Vernacular Architecture]. He has been editor/director of the journals Resultados and En obra, published by the Architecture Faculty of the University of San Carlos. Currently, he is Sustainable Development and Institutional Relations Manager at Cementos Progreso S.A. (eduardoaguirrem@gmail.com). Narzha Poveda Gómez, a Colombian, has a B.A. in Social Sciences and an M.A. in Educational and Social Development from the National Pedagogical University of Colombia. She has 29 years’ experience working on social development projects and environmental impact studies, as well as teaching postgraduate courses, and consultancy work. She worked for nine years on resettlement of populations at risk or disaster, coordinated interdisciplinary teams and formulated public policies. She also participated in the preparation of a resettlement toolkit and roadmap. She has also prepared and conducted national and regional socioeconomic studies (narzha@gmail.com). Sergio Iván Carmona Maya (1962-2009), a Colombian, was an anthropologist who studied at the University of Antioquia and obtained an M.A. in Ibero- American Political Systems and an Advanced Studies Diploma in Governance and Democracy. For 15 years he worked as a strategy and development specialist on inter-connected electricity grids in Colombia. He was a World Bank consultant, an advisor in Colombia to several government institutions. He was a professor, organizer of the M.A. degree in Environmental Management at the National University of Colombia, and the director-founder of its Laboratory on Environmental Conflicts and Development. He wrote and co-authored books and articles on subjects relating to the social and cultural dimensions of environmental impacts, anthropology and sustainable development, social management, inter-cultural relations, conflict mediation and environmental management in development projects. He died in December 2009. About the Authors 121
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Preventive Resettlement of Populati
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Preventive Resettlement of Populati
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Contents Abbreviations ............
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9. Lessons Learned During the Reloc
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10. The Transition from the Informa
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Table 6.2. Institutions Involved in
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Chapter 3 CIA COAH-INA CONAE EM-DAT
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NEPO NUDEC PPDC PROCAV SEHAB SINDEC
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CIAAP COCODE COE COMUDE CONRED DICA
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Foreword Latin America and the Cari
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options to resettle the population,
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Figure 1.1. Occurrence of Geologica
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Figure 1.4. Percentage of Deaths by
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words, 72.2 percent of the deaths w
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(Figure 1.8). In that same period,
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Ecuador and Peru) are estimated to
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the solid waste discharged into the
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Figure 1.13. The Hyogo Framework fo
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grinding poverty and weak governanc
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———. 2009a. Global Assessment
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■■ for the population affected
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Mechanisms for consulting and negot
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Photo: Willie Heinz/IDB
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Figure 3.1. Percentage of the Urban
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the unit again, to the National Dir
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ity to floods within the participat
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ecame active subjects in transformi
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These agreements could have been te
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unable to do the actual constructio
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4.10 Use Made of Reclaimed Flood-ri
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The self-effort and mutual assistan
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References Arnold, Margaret. 2004.
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The most significant natural disast
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■■ Organize and coordinate SIND
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canalizing streams, and carrying ou
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4. Profile of the Population The fa
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In this option, families were tempo
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lished when PROCAV II was launched
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housing, they more readily accepted
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Chapter 5: Colombia Nueva Esperanza
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Table 5.1 Effects of the Five Sever
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B. Capital District of Bogotá Bogo
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SDPAE includes 25 institutions in t
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Initially, the amount assessed due
Page 91 and 92: Table 5.3. Participation of Capital
Page 93 and 94: Figure 5.4 Types of Houses BUILT WI
Page 95 and 96: Table 5.6 Continuation Activities E
Page 97 and 98: 7.2 Support for Moving to the New H
Page 99 and 100: in municipalities in the Andean, Ca
Page 101 and 102: were maintained. The teams of profe
Page 103 and 104: 12. Lessons Learned Because the res
Page 105: Bibliography Alcaldía Mayor de Bog
Page 108 and 109: worst threat, followed by tropical
Page 110 and 111: In its prevention activities, CONRE
Page 112 and 113: 4.3 Disaster Risk Management Model
Page 114 and 115: This integrated and culturally sens
Page 116 and 117: 4. Consequences of Tropical Storm S
Page 118 and 119: To that end, the Santiago Atitlán
Page 120 and 121: Table 6.2. Continuation Component C
Page 122 and 123: tion Commission consisting of the l
Page 124 and 125: ■■ ■■ ■■ ■■ Cultura
Page 126 and 127: ■■ ■■ ■■ ■■ ■■
Page 128 and 129: Bibliography INSIVUMEH (Instituto N
Page 130 and 131: emarkable growth is not accompanied
Page 132 and 133: synergies created to overcome one o
Page 134 and 135: and status: They went from being in
Page 136 and 137: eligious beliefs - converged to cre
Page 138 and 139: Glossary * Acceptable risk The leve
Page 140 and 141: Hazard A dangerous phenomenon, subs
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