Marine Ecosystems Research Department - jamstec japan agency ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Japan Marine Science and Technology Center Ocean Observation and Research Department The large volume of warm water is transported up to Sv across E between S and N from west to east during the growing El Niño period (Fig. , upper panel). Most of it is supplied by equatorward convergence of the warm water from off-equator in the western region ( Sv), and only Sv is due to draining of the warm water out of the equatorial region to the west of E. After the mature state of El Niño (Fig. , lower panel), the WWV in the western region is restored mainly by the equatorward transport across S in contrast to the poleward transport across N. The transport variation in the western region shows that the interior southward transport balances with the western boundary northward transport at S, the transport nearly equals that based on the Sverdrup wind-driven theory, and the variation is in phase with the Nino SST variation. The results in this study do not contradict the analysis by Ueki et al. (), who reported that the transport of the New Guinea Coastal Current is described by the Sverdrup theory. On the other hand, the meridional transport across N in the interior area does not simply correlate with that in the western area. Though the western boundary meridional transport across N is out of phase with the interior transport for the weak El Niño events during early s, the equatorward (poleward) transport occurred before (after) the mature state of the - El Niño, in which there is the difference of / phase between Nino SST and the transport. It is expected that data acquisition in the western boundary region with the TRITON buoys and moorings will provide important information on the mechanism of the El Niño cycle. Theme 2: A study on heat and material transport and the variability of the Pacific/Indian Ocean general circulation The ocean plays a central role in climate system and its change, which is the most fundamental environment for human beings. However, the quantitative role of the ocean in the climate system and its change is not still clear. The objectives of the project are () to obtain up-to-date snapshots of basin-scale heat and material transport by conducting a reoccupation of WOCE (World Ocean Circulation Experiment) Hydrographic Programme (WHP) lines and new landto-land hydrographic lines with high accuracy and many variables mainly in the North Pacific, () to quantify heat and material transport and their shortterm variability by meso-scale eddies around the Kuroshio in the upper ocean and by abyssal circulation flowing into the North Pacific from the South Pacific through the Wake Island Passage by conducting intensive surveys, and () to analyze WOCE and historical oceanic data including sea surface wind data accumulated in the Pacific and Indian Ocean. From to , by carrying out above three objectives, we aim to reveal basin-scale changes in heat and material transports between the s and s. () WHP revisits In FY, we prepared for reoccupation of WHP lines around the Southern Hemisphere, which is scheduled in FY. We performed instrument maintenance, database preparation, data analysis, and made arrangements with organizations concerned. In order to carry out hydrographic observation with high accuracy and many variables, we enlarged the CTD/water sampling room of the R/V Mirai so it could hold the -bottle frame and installed air-conditioners to keep room temperature constant. We examined specific characteristics regarding the ship's main gyrocompass, a GPS gyrocompass temporally installed, and a ring laser gyrocompass installed for Doppler radar on the R/V Mirai to obtain accurate surface velocity from the shipboard acoustic Doppler current profiler mounted on R/V Mirai. We verified pressure dependency of the CTD temperature sensor using more accurate deep ocean standard thermometer. And we examined reasonable methods of data processing for the lowered acoustic Doppler current profiler. Moreover, we participated in international conferences, such as the first conference of IOGOOS (Indian Ocean Global Ocean 37
JAMSTEC 2002 Annual Report Ocean Observation and Research Department Observing System) and the fourth meeting POGO (Partnership for Observation of the Global Oceans) , and had a research arrangement with many foreign organizations concerned in order to realize WHP revisits around the Southern Hemisphere. 135˚ 140˚ 145˚ 150˚ 155˚ 40˚ 35˚ 1 m/s (a) Wake Island Passage Experiment In FY, we prepared for deep mooring observation along a transect of the Wake Island Passage. We call the deep mooring observation the Wake Island Passage Experiment (WIPE), and it will start in . We prepared mooring instruments and maintained them for WIPE. Also we examined a method of in-situ calibration of the mooring CTDs in order to acquire accurate data. Mooring CTDs were attached to CTD/RMS frame and CTD/RMS casts were performed for simultaneous observation of CTD/RMS and mooring CTDs. The mooring CTD data were compared with more accurate CTD/RMS data to test in-situ calibration of the mooring CTD data. Moreover, we prepared for joint observation with Kyushu University in order to strengthen the mooring current observation. (b) Kuroshio Extension Experiment An intensive observation was carried out in the Kuroshio Extension region from April to September . Three buoys consisting of current meters and CTD were moored near the Kuroshio along -E, where the first trough of the current path often stands. An acoustic ocean tomography system was used to monitor the change of background thermal distribution. A total of six transceivers were deployed in April , and five were recovered in September. A mooring site map of the intensive observation is shown in Fig. . In FY the remaining transceiver and current meters were recovered, and then data sets were made. A temperature field was reconstructed from the acoustic ocean tomography data using a first guess of the sound field and an inversion technique. An example of a calculated temperature field is shown in Fig. . The Kuroshio off the east coast of Japan changed its path Latitude Latitude 30˚ Fig. 6 Mooring site map of Intensive Observation in the Kuroshio Extension region. Circles indicate transceivers of acoustic ocean tomography. Triangles indicate current meter mooring sites. CTD profile measurement was made at the southernmost current meter site. Arrows indicate sea surface flow calculated by satellite altimetry on 7 July 2001. The current of the Kuroshio Extension meandered and there was a huge eddy at 144E south of the Kuroshio Extension. KE0516et of4 r100 or100 2 (100 m) T6 e e c m 38 37 36 35 34 T1 33 T3 144 146T2 148 150 Longitude T6 38 37 36 35 (500 m) 34 T1 33 T3 144 146T2 148 150 Longitude 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 T6 38 34 T1 33 T3 144 146T2 148 150 Longitude T6 (1000 m) 38 frequently in . In the middle of May, the Kuroshio was meandering and pitching off a huge cold eddy. Another cold water region, seen east of N, E, was the representation of another cold eddy which was advecting from east to the Kuroshio Extension. As reported in previous annual reports, especially Latitude Latitude 37 36 35 37 36 35 (300 m) 34 T1 33 T3 144 146T2 148 150 Longitude Fig. 7 Temperature distribution in the Kuroshio Extension region observed by acoustic ocean tomography system on 16 May 2001. Each panel shows the temperature at 100m (top left), 300m (top right), 500m (bottom left) and 1000m (bottom right). Notations T1 to T6 indicate the positions of mooring and the lines between the transceivers indicate sound paths. 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 5 4.5 4 3.5 3 2.5 2 38
Page 2 and 3: JAMSTEC 2002 Annual Report J apan M
Page 4 and 5: Japan Marine Science and Technology
Page 26 and 27: JAMSTEC 2002 Annual Report Marine T
Page 48 and 49: JAMSTEC 2002 Annual Report Marine E
Page 86 and 87:
Japan Marine Science and Technology
Page 88 and 89:
Page 90 and 91:
Page 92 and 93:
Page 94 and 95:
Page 96 and 97:
Page 98 and 99:
Page 100 and 101:
Page 102 and 103:
Page 104 and 105:
Page 106 and 107:
Page 108 and 109:
Page 110 and 111:
Page 112 and 113:
JAMSTEC 2002 Annual Report Frontier
Page 114 and 115:
Page 116 and 117:
Page 118 and 119:
Page 120 and 121:
Page 122 and 123:
Page 124 and 125:
Page 126 and 127:
Page 128 and 129:
Page 130 and 131:
Page 132 and 133:
Page 134 and 135:
Page 136 and 137:
Page 138 and 139:
Page 140 and 141:
Page 142 and 143:
Page 144 and 145:
Page 146 and 147:
Page 148 and 149:
Page 150 and 151:
Page 152 and 153:
Page 154 and 155:
Page 156 and 157:
Page 158 and 159:
1000 Japan Marine Science and Techn
Page 160 and 161:
Page 162 and 163:
Page 164 and 165:
Page 166 and 167:
Page 168 and 169:
Page 170 and 171:
Page 172 and 173:
Page 174 and 175:
Page 176 and 177:
Page 178 and 179:
JAMSTEC 2002 Annual Report Mutsu Re
Page 180 and 181:
JAMSTEC 2002 Annual Report Mutsu Re
Page 182 and 183:
Page 184 and 185:
Page 186 and 187:
Page 188 and 189:
Page 190 and 191:
Page 192 and 193:
Page 194 and 195:
JAMSTEC 2002 Annual Report Research
Page 196 and 197:
Page 198 and 199:
Page 200 and 201:
Page 202 and 203:
Page 204 and 205:
Page 206 and 207:
Page 208 and 209:
Page 210 and 211:
Page 212 and 213:
Page 214 and 215:
Page 216 and 217:
Page 218 and 219:
Page 220 and 221:
Page 222 and 223:
Page 224 and 225:
Page 226 and 227:
Page 228 and 229:
Page 230 and 231:
Page 232 and 233:
Page 234 and 235:
Page 236 and 237:
Page 238 and 239:
Page 240 and 241:
Page 242 and 243:
Page 244 and 245:
Page 246 and 247:
Page 248 and 249:
Page 250 and 251:
Page 252 and 253:
Page 254 and 255:
Page 256 and 257:
Page 258 and 259:
Page 260 and 261:
Page 262 and 263:
Page 264 and 265:
Page 266 and 267:
Page 268 and 269:
Page 270 and 271:
Page 272 and 273:
Page 274 and 275:
Page 276 and 277:
JAMSTEC 2002 Annual Report PATENT .
Page 278:
JAMSTEC Japan Marine Science and Te
show all

Marine Ecosystems Research Department - jamstec japan agency ...

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?