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JAMSTEC 2002 Annual Report Marine Technology Department exploration to date. This fiscal year, as well as formulating the concept, we designed and produced for trial a high-powered pulse transmitter and a highly sensitive search coil antenna for the receiver. We also confirmed the underwater characteristics of the sensitive receiving search coil antenna. And we began developing the simulation code using FDTD (Finite Difference Time Domain). (2) High-performance (low specific gravity, high strength) buoyancy material From Fiscal To improve the maneuverability and increase the payload of manned submersibles and ROVs, these vessels must be made smaller and lighter. The greater the operating depth, the greater the weight of the pressure vessel, so buoyancy material must have a low specific gravity and high strength. In this research, we make hollow spheres from engineering ceramics with a high specific compressive strength, and examining technological issues when they are used as buoyancy material. Ceramics have a higher compressive strength and are more corrosion-resistant than titanium alloy and other metal material, so they are highly suited to use under harsh environments, however, the brittleness of ceramics has been a major barrier to their more extensive use as structural material. This fiscal year, we made hollow spheres with a compression strength of more than MPa using alumina, a kind of engineering ceramics. We also designed a device for measuring sphericity for small spheres, and measured the local curvature radius of the sphere surface. Through this, we carried out a quantitative assessment of irregularity, and examined its relationship with compression strength. 4. Cooperative Research (1) Dynamic behavior of flexible pipe From Fiscal Continuing on from last year, this fiscal year we examined and developed theoretical analysis methods for behavior of linear structures including riser pipes to clarify dynamic behavior, and surveyed current flexible pipe technology. We carried out behavior measuring tests using test models of long linear structures under deepwater conditions in the deep-sea simulation tank at the National Maritime Research Institute (NMRI), JAMSTEC's joint research partner. In the experiment, we produced and used a Teflon line and synthetic rubber model of the intake pipe for the airlift pump on "Mighty Whale" offshore floating wave power device. We measured three dimensional displacement of each of the many measurement points set along the long linear structure model using an image measurement device. From the experiment we gained important data on the behavioral characteristics of long linear structures, and these data will be invaluable in developing behavior analysis methods. (2) Hydrothermal plume observation technology From Fiscal Observing hydrothermal plumes spouting out from the seafloor is important for understanding the dynamics of the earth's interior and global material circulation. This research is mainly aimed at developing plume chemical observation methods required for the efficient exploration of hydrothermal plume source and for gaining a temporal and spatial understanding of changes in hydrothermal plumes, and in-situ observation to confirm their effectiveness. From the results of tests carried out last fiscal year, we determined the dimensions of the ion-sensitive membrane and packaging methods for ISFET specifications, and produced a prototype. From examinations on its basic characteristics under high hydrostatic pressure, we found out that it is affected by pressure. We are currently checking for causes, but one factor is that there is a problem with the connection of semiconductor element. We completed the design and partial production of the SPR optical sensor test equipment. Regarding sea test of ISFET sensor, we fitted a pH sensors, CTD, suspension meter, and water sampler to HYPER-DOL- 30
Japan Marine Science and Technology Center Marine Technology Department PHIN, and measured various data in hydrothermal vent areas at Hatoma Knoll and Daiyon Yonaguni Knoll in the waters off Okinawa. (3) Development of an AUV-ROV hybrid submersible for use in shallow water From Fiscal Oceanic data on such aspects as water temperature, dissolved gases, and microorganisms vary significantly in water shallower than m, so a submersible capable of efficiently measuring data over a broad range in shallow waters would be an important asset. To this end, we are developing a simple submersible capable of movement in a horizontal direction over a wide area that can be deployed either as an AUV or ROV (Fig.). This fiscal year we developed a small optical communication device (NTSC image CH, high-speed data CH, RSC communication CH), designed and test built a small light optical fiber spooler, and test designed a hull. (4) Gas storage using nano-material From fiscal JAMSTEC is developing fuel cells to power the autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV). Fuel cells use hydrogen and oxygen, and we research on high efficiency storage materials. This research aims at establishing the technology for gas storage and discharge using nano-carbon material as a fuel storage system for fuel cells used to power AUVs etc. This fiscal year we carried out storage evaluation tests using kinds for hydrogen storage and kinds for oxygen storage. From these tests, we found that several kinds of materials showed potential as oxygen storage materials. (5) Heat-resistant suppression bellows for cultivation devices From fiscal Cultivation devices in deep-sea microorganism experiment systems comprise a pressure tank, cultivation tank, and heat insulation material, and a silicon suppression bellows is used as the suppression device in the cultivation tank. However, problems arise in endurance, heat resistance, and HS resistance in high-temperature zones (˚C or more), so under current conditions, cultivation above these temperatures is difficult. Considering the cultivation tank is the obstacle to effective cultivation at such high-temperatures, the aim of this research is to develop a heat-resistant cultivation tank (suppression bellows, internal tank) capable of operating in temperatures as high as ˚C. This fiscal year, we researched available heat-resistant material, and examined concepts for a cultivation tank capable of operating in temperatures as high as ˚C. From this, we selected concepts with different material for the cultivation tank, and designed and produced tanks for testing. Fig. 9 During sea tests Fig.10 Conceptual diagram of the thin-cable-controlled unmanned submersible 31
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