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Japan Marine Science and Technology Center Research Activities The Earth Simulator Center Recognized as World's Fastest Supercomputer The New York Times bannered the incident regarding the Earth Simulator being the world's fastest supercomputer on the front page with the coined term "Computenik". It compares the impact the US government and scientific realm had received from the achievement of calculation performance of the Earth Simulator to that given by the Soviet Union's "Sputnik", the world's first successful satellite. The Earth Simulator was completed at the end of February and the research project started from March . As a result of executing the global standard Linpack Benchmark Test, the Earth Simulator was proven to be the world's fastest computer, and this lead to the front page headline in the New York Times. Fig. 1 The Earth Simulator Fig. 2 Top500 Certification ranked as No.1. Fig. 3 SC2002 Gordon Bell Award The achieved calculation performance was five times as fast as the previous No. supercomputer, the ASCII White at the US Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, with . Tflops (. trillion floatingpoint instructions per second) which was almost the % of the theoretical performance of Tflops. With adequate optimization, the global scale simulation executed by the Earth Simulator realized a sustained performance of . Tflops, which was % of the theoretical performance. In comparison with the capability of parallel scalar supercomputers to realize only a few percent of the theoretical performance, this achievement was quite an astonishing result. This result demonstrated that vector-parallel supercomputers such as the Earth Simulator are very efficient computers which can lead to a breakthrough in the current technological field, compared with the parallel scalar supercomputers promoted in the US, with performance of a few percent of the theoretical performance. With this achievement, the Earth Simulator won the "Gordon Bell Award" for , which is the most prestigious award given at the SC High Performance Networking and Computing held in November at Baltimore, Maryland in the US. The groups connected with the Earth Simulator were awarded in three of the five categories in the Gordon Bell Award, such as "A . Tflops Global Atmospheric Simulation with the Spectral Transform Method on the Earth Simulator" for peak performance 181
JAMSTEC 2002 Annual Report The Earth Simulator Center Fig. 4 Gordon Bell Award winners and the concerned parties. category, and two more in computer language and special accomplishment categories. Selection of Earth Simulator Research Projects The Advisory Committee for the President of JAM- STEC, " The Earth Simulator Advisory Committee" established the following Basic Principles: . provide an open usage system, . disclose results promptly, . evaluate the results and operations, and . use only for peaceful purposes. Following the above Basic Principles, the "Mission Definition Committee", which is the Advisory Committee for the Director of the Earth Simulation Center, established the specific forms of usage in June, , such as the principles of resources allocation and project selection. Under these principles the Selection Committee selected projects in July. In November, more projects were selected, which finalized the ES research projects to projects for FY. The breakdown of the selected projects are as follows: Ocean and Atmosphere Simulation field: projects, Solid Earth Simulation field: projects, Computer Science Simulation field: projects, and Innovative Simulation category which is expected to achieve outstanding results with the use of the Earth Simulator: projects. Findings from the research In Ocean and Atmosphere fields, conventional simulation cut the globe into grids of up to km, but the Earth Simulator has enabled the grids to be as fine as km. The typhoons in atmospheric phenomena and the Kuroshio eddies in oceanic phenomena are reproduced with the km grid. In the Solid Earth field, large-scale simulation research on unraveling the reversing of geomagnetic fields, mantle convection and tectonic activities have started. A remarkable reproduction of seismic wave propagation associated with the Nankai trough earthquake has already been obtained. In the Innovative Project field, the simulation of carbon-nanotube (CNT) in the scale of nm, nm becomes possible using the Earth Simulator. The thermal conductivity of the CNT is quantitatively obtained, an achievement that would not have been possible without the Earth Simulator. In spite of its short operational period of only months in FY, the Earth Simulator User's Conference was held in February on all projects and the products they attained. The outcome of the conference will be reflected in the mission structure of FY in order to open up new terrain in the academic field. 182
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