Biodiversity - a GRI Reporting Resource - Global Reporting Initiative
Biodiversity - a GRI Reporting Resource - Global Reporting Initiative
Biodiversity - a GRI Reporting Resource - Global Reporting Initiative
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Annex III<br />
Ecosystems and some of the services they provide<br />
The table below includes a selection of ecosystems and some of the services they provide. The<br />
ability of ecosystems to deliver these services depends on complex biological, chemical, and<br />
physical interactions.<br />
Table III: Ecosystems and some of the services they provide<br />
Ecosystem<br />
Ecosystem services<br />
Ecosystem<br />
Ecosystem services<br />
Mountain<br />
and polar<br />
Forest and<br />
woodlands<br />
• Food<br />
• Fiber<br />
• Fresh water<br />
• Erosion control<br />
• Climate regulation<br />
• Recreation and<br />
ecotourism<br />
• Aesthetic values<br />
• Spiritual values<br />
• Food<br />
• Timber<br />
• Fresh water<br />
• Fuel wood<br />
• Flood regulation<br />
• Disease regulation<br />
• Carbon sequestration<br />
• Local climate regulation<br />
• Medicines<br />
• Recreation<br />
• Aesthetic values<br />
• Spiritual values<br />
Inland<br />
water<br />
(rivers<br />
and other<br />
wetlands)<br />
Cultivated<br />
• Fresh water<br />
• Food<br />
• Pollution control<br />
• Flood regulation<br />
• Sediment retention and<br />
transport<br />
• Disease regulation<br />
• Nutrient cycling<br />
• Recreation and tourism<br />
• Aesthetic values<br />
• Food<br />
• Fiber<br />
• Fresh water<br />
• Dyes<br />
• Timber<br />
• Pest regulation<br />
• Biofuels<br />
• Medicines<br />
• Nutrient cycling<br />
• Aesthetic values<br />
• Cultural heritage<br />
Coastal<br />
Marine<br />
• Food<br />
• Fiber<br />
• Timber<br />
• Fuel<br />
• Climate regulation<br />
• Waste processing<br />
• Nutrient cycling<br />
• Storm and wave<br />
protection<br />
• Recreation and<br />
ecotourism<br />
• Aesthetic values<br />
• Food<br />
• Climate regulation<br />
• Nutrient cycling<br />
• Recreation<br />
Drylands<br />
Urban<br />
(parks and<br />
gardens)<br />
Island<br />
• Food<br />
• Fiber<br />
• Fuel wood<br />
• Local climate regulation<br />
• Cultural heritage<br />
• Recreation and<br />
ecotourism<br />
• Spiritual values<br />
• Air quality regulation<br />
• Water regulation<br />
• Local climate regulation<br />
• Cultural heritage<br />
• Recreation<br />
• Education<br />
• Food<br />
• Fresh water<br />
• Recreation and tourism<br />
42 © G R I 2 0 0 7<br />
Source: Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, 2005. Ecosystems and Human Well-being: Opportunities<br />
and Challenges for Business and Industry. World <strong>Resource</strong>s Institute, Washington, D.C.<br />
http://www.wri.org/business/pubs_description.cfm?pid=4155