Liquefaction co-processing of coal shale oil at - Argonne National ...

Table 5
Elemental Composition of PS and BS Fractions from Coprocessing
Temperature ps BS
Reactants QC Catal vst % C %H % C %H
Maya TLR 400 None 84.5 11.4
+ Coal 84.0 11.3 82.8
Maya TLR 400 Ni Mo/A12O3 84.8 10.9 84.6
+ Coal 84.8 10.9 86.8
Maya TLR 400
+ Coal
Maya TLR 425
+ Coal
Maya TLR 400
+ Coal + TET
Maya-TLR 400
+ Coal + TET
Maya TLR 425
+ Coal t TET
Mo Naphthenate 84.3 10.8 83.6
84.3 10.8 84.1
Mo Naphthenate 85.7 11.0
84.6 10.6 86.3
84.9 10.7 85.1
85.1 10.6
None 86.3 10.1 83.8
86.4 10.1 83.5
NiMo/A1203 87.8 10.5
87.1 10.5 86.0
85.7 10.3 84.7
87.4 10.5
Mo Naphthenate 86.9 10.5 85.6
86.5 10.3 85.7
The presence of TET in the coal/resid/Mo naphthenate system did not
substantially change the product slate. Coal conversion, hydrogen consumption and
oil production were the same as the reaction without TET. The total amount of
NAPH formed during the reaction was 1.5 mmoles which fell between that for the
thermal and NiMo/Al 03 reactions. Ten times as much NAPH was formed as DEC. The
H2 utilized by the 60 naphthenate systems, 57.5 mmoles without TET and 52.5 mmoles
with TET, was high compared to the other reactions performed. The product slates
from these Mo naphthenate reactions show the effective utilization of H2 in terms
of coal conversion and oil production.
1The addition of
catalyst in the residuum upgrading reactions increased the amount of oil
production achieved and, in the case of NiMo/Al 03, substantially increased the
IOM formed. The presence of TET had varying effect; but only in the reaction with
NiMo/AlzOj did TET improve the oil production. In all upgrading reactions, the BS
fraction was reduced during the reaction forming both 1 ighter and heavier
products. The catalytic reactions with NiMo/A1203 and Mo naphthenate at 425OC
reduced the BS fraction the most. The combination of TET plus NiMo/A120 resulted
in the greatest reduction of the BS fraction and subsequent increase in $he PS
fraction.
In the coprocessing experiments, both the addition of catalyst and the
addition of tetralin promoted coal conversion. For the NiMo/Al2Og reactions, the
combination of catalyst and tetra1 in synergetical ly promoted coal conversion.
With Mo naphthenate, coal conversion was high (89.5%) without TET addition and no
change was observed with the addition of TET. Thus, with a highly accessible and
active catalyst, additional hydrogen donation from the solvent had 1 ittle
influence on coal conversion. Therefore, coal conversion in coprocessing appears
to be dependent upon both catalyst and hydrogen donation except in the case of a
highly active catalyst where catalytic activity predominates.
167
7.1
7.4
7.3
7.2
7.2
6.4
6.8
6.9
7.0
7.0
7.1
6.6
6.6