Petroleum Systems of Deep-Water Basins - Gulf Coast Section SEPM

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Subsalt Exploration Trap Styles, Walker Ridge and Keathley Canyon Areas, Deep Water Gulf of Mexico Louis Liro e-mail: louis_liro@veritasdgc.com Nathan Weber Steve O’Hara Mo Etemadi Susan Lock Williams Mary Cubanski Veritas Exploration Services Veritas DGC 10300 Town Park Houston, Texas USA 77072 Mary Kadri Veritas Exploration Services 2200, 715–5 th Avenue S.W. Calgary, Alberta Canada T2P5A2 Peter Montecchi retired Abstract We describe the exploration plays associated with the salt nappe, canopy, and massif systems of Walker Ridge and Keathley Canyon areas in the deep water Gulf of Mexico. Depth imaging of 3D seismic allows definition of the salt emplacement and deformation history, and the associated subsalt trap styles. Salt emplacement in the region follows a simple history: relatively evenly spaced inferred paleo salt stocks have fed salt canopy, nappe, and massif systems. In this region, salt is emanating directly from the Jurassic Louan layer. Mapping of the salt allows division of the present–day salt masses into discrete salt “cells.” Emplacement and extrusion occurred in a series of low-angle and high-angle surfaces, dominantly lateral in the canopy and nappe systems, and dominantly vertical in the massif system. Subsalt structural traps are divided into three major types, from deepest to shallowest: (1) Anticlinal salt–cored folds of Mesozoic and Paleogene strata; (2) Structural inversions (“turtles”) of Paleogene and Neogene strata; and (3) Counterregional dip and truncation of Neogene strata against the vertical salt emplacement to lateral salt emplacement transition. Mesozoic anticlines are located basinward of a regional low in the Middle Cretaceous sequence boundary. These structures are fully detached from the superjacent lateral salt masses. These structures are on–trend with recent significant discoveries in more shallow waters. Structural inversions are associated with paleo salt stocks. Salt truncation traps are more shallow and offset from the crest of the inversion structures. Definition of salt “cells” allows an understanding of the development of each structure in the trend, which may imply subtle differences in structural timing and trap competency prior to hydrocarbon emplacement. 21
One Sea Level Fall and Four Different Gas Plays: The Gulf of Cadiz Basin, SW Spain Consuelo García Mojonero Repsol-YPF E&P Paseo de la Castellana 280, 4th floor Madrid 28046 Spain e-mail: cgarciam@repsol-ypf.com Wenceslao Martinez del Olmo Repsol-YPF E&P Paseo de la Castellana 280, 4th floor Madrid 28046 Spain e-mail: wmartinezo@repsol-ypf.com Abstract The small (2500 km 2 ) Gulf of Cadiz basin is located offshore in southwestern Spain, in the most western segment of a marine foreland basin, which has a passive margin to the north (Iberian craton) and a fold and thrust belt to the south (Betic ridge). The Messinian sea level fall has generated three distinct but synchronous turbidite systems in the basin. The creation of three distinct systems is a result of intra- and extra-basinal controls on deep-water reservoir development. The greatest distance along the basin floor between the most separated systems is no greater than 80 km. Nine biogenic gas fields have been discovered in these turbidite systems, with recoverable reserves of 140 BCF. In addition to the turbidites, there is another type of deep-water deposit in the Gulf of Cadiz area, contourites. The contourites have been created by the bottom current that spills from the Mediterranean Sea into the Atlantic Ocean. Exploration possibilities in the contourite section have yet to be established. 22
Page 2 and 3: Petroleum Systems of Deep-Water Bas
Page 4 and 5: Foreword The search for petroleum t
Page 6 and 7: Gulf Coast Section Society of Econo
Page 8 and 9: Contributors to the Gulf Coast Sect
Page 10 and 11: Credits Book Layout, Cover Design,
Page 12 and 13: 10:00 a.m. Wood, Lesli J.: ........
Page 14 and 15: 3:30 p.m. Roberts, Harry H., Roger
Page 16 and 17: World-Wide Deep Water Exploration a
Page 18 and 19: Mesozoic Ultra-Deep Water Potential
Page 20 and 21: Regional Mapping and Maturity Model
Page 22 and 23: Basement Controls on Hydrocarbon Sy
Page 24 and 25: Kinematic Evolution of the Gulf of
Page 26 and 27: New Oceanographic Observations of t
Page 28 and 29: Examples of Deep-Water Salt Tectoni
Page 30 and 31: Exploration in Deep Water Basins…
Page 32 and 33: Stratigraphic and Tectonic Framewor
Page 34 and 35: Based on oil-to-seep correlations,
Page 38 and 39: The Petroleum System of the Western
Page 40 and 41: The Northern Angolan Margin Imaged
Page 42 and 43: Mesozoic Carbonate Petroleum System
Page 44 and 45: Phase Changes: A Major Aspect of De
Page 46 and 47: The Past and Future Exploration Pot
Page 48 and 49: On the Importance of Understanding
Page 50 and 51: Obstacle and Sinks: Effects on Turb
Page 52 and 53: Potential Deep Water Petroleum Syst
Page 54 and 55: Capillary Seals as a Cause of Press
Page 56 and 57: Determination of Paleogeography and
Page 58 and 59: Gas Capillary Inhibition to Oil Pro
Page 60 and 61: Processes Impacting Deep Water, Sub
Page 62 and 63: Transtension Along an Ancient Linea
Page 64 and 65: Economic Potential of the Yucatan B
Page 66 and 67: Gulf of Cadiz (Western Spain): Char
Page 68: Complex Petroleum Systems Developed

Petroleum Systems of Deep-Water Basins - Gulf Coast Section SEPM

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