2007 Annual Report - jamstec japan agency for marine-earth ...

3Atmospheric Composition Research Program
This Program aims at evaluation of emission, transport,
transformation and deposition processes of atmospheric trace
species relevant to climate chance and air pollution in Asiapacific
region including Eurasian Continent, and at prediction
of atmospheric composition change including climate change
feedback by studying relations between regional air quality
change and global air pollution, and air pollution and climate
change. In order to accomplish these aims, this Program studies
the processes of intercontinental and intra-continental longrange
transport of air pollutants, and tropospheric photochemical
reaction, and physical and chemical characterization of
aerosols. It also targets to evaluate the sources and sinks of
greenhouse gases such as CO 2 and methane, and to elucidate the
cause of their variability by studying the spatial and temporal
variability of concentration, and isotope ratio of carbon and
oxygen. Further, future prediction of air quality change in Asia
Pacific region is studied through the emission inventories of air
pollutants and greenhouse gases.
In this fiscal year, results for continuous observation of
ozone, CO and black carbon BC in China, Russia and
Kyrgyz, and intensive campaign for ozone, aerosols, and their
precursors at Mt. Tai in China are reported. The data has been
analyzed by means of regional chemical transport models.
Kyrgyz
Figure1 shows the location of year-around observational
sites at Vostochnaya in Kyrgyz, Mt. Tai and Mt. Huang in
China where O 3 , CO and black carbon BC have been
measured, and at Mondy in Russia and Mt. Hua in China where
O 3 and CO have been measured. Figure2 presents the data of
BC obtained at Vostochnaya, Mt. Tai and Mt. Huang showing
the yearly averaged concentration of 0.1, 2.3 and 0.99 g/m -3 ,
respectively. Comparing with the literature values, the concentration
at Vostochnaya, 3,700 m high in Central Asia is comparable
to that obtained at White Face Mountain in New York
State, USA. On the other hand, The concentration at Mt. Tai,
which is located in the area of most serious regional pollution in
China, is about the same as in Tokyo in 2003-2005, whereas
one at Mt. Huang, which is located at the outskirt of the regional
pollution is close to the value in Tokyo in recent years after
more stringent control of diesel automobile exhaust has been
introduced.
Figure3 shows the seasonal variation of surface ozone concentrations
at the three mountain sites in China comparing with
that at Mondy, which is a remote baseline station in East
Siberia. It can be seen that ozone concentrations obtained at the
sites in the regionally polluted area in China in winter when
there is no photochemical activity, are the same as at Mondy.
Intercomparison if inverse calculation of CO 2 flux by FRCGC-
NIES and JMA models has been conducted. As for the development
of chemical weather forecasting system, comparison of
three boundary layer parameterization schemes has been made.
Research Results
a. Observation of ozone and black carbon in China, Russia and
Fig.2 Observational stations for O 3 , CO and BC with pictures. Other
sites without a picture are for O 3 and CO.
Fig.1 Observational stations for O 3 , CO and BC with pictures. Other
sites without a picture are for O 3 and CO.
Fig.3 Seasonal variation of ozone at the three mountains in China
as compared with that at Mondy, Russia.