NEXRAD Data and Products at NCDC - GEWEX
NEXRAD Data and Products at NCDC - GEWEX
NEXRAD Data and Products at NCDC - GEWEX
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<strong>NEXRAD</strong> <strong>D<strong>at</strong>a</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Products</strong> <strong>at</strong><br />
<strong>NCDC</strong><br />
1<br />
N<strong>at</strong>ional Clim<strong>at</strong>ic <strong>D<strong>at</strong>a</strong> Center<br />
Brian Nelson<br />
John B<strong>at</strong>es<br />
Steve Ansari<br />
Stephen Del Greco<br />
NOAA/NESDIS
Outline<br />
• Brief Overview of <strong>NEXRAD</strong><br />
• <strong>D<strong>at</strong>a</strong> <strong>at</strong> <strong>NCDC</strong><br />
• <strong>Products</strong> <strong>at</strong> <strong>NCDC</strong><br />
• Applic<strong>at</strong>ions (software)<br />
• Product development<br />
• <strong>GEWEX</strong> connection<br />
• Working Group on Precipit<strong>at</strong>ion Radar<br />
Networks<br />
2
<strong>NEXRAD</strong> Overview<br />
We<strong>at</strong>her Surveillance Radar – 1988 Doppler<br />
– Next Gener<strong>at</strong>ion Radar (<strong>NEXRAD</strong>)<br />
– Development started in 1960s<br />
– Deployment started in 1988<br />
– First WSR-88D Site in 1990 Norman Ok<br />
– Last Site in 1997 in Indiana<br />
– Most Sites have been oper<strong>at</strong>ional since 1995/1996<br />
–~$5 million/ site<br />
– ~500 GB/radar/year<br />
3
<strong>NEXRAD</strong> Overview<br />
• 155 Sites<br />
(145 CONUS)<br />
• Puerto Rico,<br />
Guam, Hawaii,<br />
Alaska, etc.<br />
4
<strong>NEXRAD</strong> <strong>D<strong>at</strong>a</strong><br />
Level II<br />
• Reflectivity<br />
• Spectral Width<br />
• Notch Velocity<br />
Level III<br />
• 20 + <strong>Products</strong><br />
• Reflectivities<br />
• Radial Velocities<br />
• Wind Profile<br />
• Vertical Integr<strong>at</strong>ed Liquid<br />
• Surface Rainfall<br />
• Precipit<strong>at</strong>ion<br />
Volume Scans<br />
•1 o x 1km<br />
• 5-6 minutes rainfall mode<br />
Derived <strong>Products</strong><br />
• Polar <strong>and</strong> Rectangular Gridded<br />
• From 5,6 minute to Hourly <strong>and</strong><br />
Storm Event<br />
5
Entire <strong>NEXRAD</strong> Period of Record:<br />
• 1991 – Present<br />
• 1.5 Petabytes – 334,652 DVDs<br />
• Increases <strong>at</strong> 480 Gigabytes/Day<br />
• Potential increase to 6,656 Gigabytes/Day<br />
<strong>NEXRAD</strong> Level II<br />
4,786 Requests<br />
658 Unique Users<br />
Total Volume serviced – 39.9TB<br />
Annual Volume Ingested – 72TB<br />
WSR-88D Radar <strong>D<strong>at</strong>a</strong> Services<br />
<strong>NCDC</strong> Radar Archives:<br />
<strong>NEXRAD</strong> Level III<br />
2,421 Requests<br />
378 Unique Users<br />
Total Volume serviced – 1.4TB<br />
Annual Volume Ingested – 2TB<br />
6
Precipit<strong>at</strong>ion <strong>Products</strong><br />
Precipit<strong>at</strong>ion products available <strong>at</strong> <strong>NCDC</strong><br />
Name<br />
Span<br />
Time<br />
Space<br />
How to get<br />
<strong>NEXRAD</strong> Level<br />
II<br />
1995 – present<br />
5min<br />
1deg x 1km<br />
Online order<br />
Radar-<br />
Based<br />
<strong>NEXRAD</strong> Level<br />
III<br />
MPR<br />
1995 – present<br />
1996 – present<br />
5min to Hourly<br />
Hourly<br />
1deg x 1km –<br />
4km nominal<br />
4km HRAP<br />
Online order<br />
THREDDS<br />
S<strong>at</strong>ellite-<br />
Based<br />
Q2 – QPE-<br />
SUMS<br />
GPCP<br />
DSI 3200<br />
2005 – present<br />
1979 - present<br />
1900 – present<br />
5 minute<br />
Monthly, Daily<br />
Daily<br />
1 deg x 1 km<br />
1 deg – 2.5<br />
deg<br />
In-situ<br />
Online order<br />
ftp<br />
Online order<br />
In-Situ<br />
DSI 3240<br />
CRN<br />
1970 – present<br />
2000 – present<br />
Hourly<br />
Hourly<br />
In-situ<br />
In –situ<br />
Online order<br />
Online order<br />
HADS<br />
1996 – present<br />
Hourly<br />
In-situ<br />
Online order<br />
Model<br />
Model <strong>D<strong>at</strong>a</strong><br />
Varies<br />
Varies<br />
Varies<br />
THREDDS -<br />
NOMADS<br />
7
Direct access to <strong>NEXRAD</strong> Digital <strong>D<strong>at</strong>a</strong>, <strong>D<strong>at</strong>a</strong> Visualiz<strong>at</strong>ion, Analysis <strong>and</strong> Export Tools via the<br />
<strong>NCDC</strong> radar resources web page<br />
URL: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/radar/radarresources.html<br />
Sp<strong>at</strong>ial Search<br />
WSR-88D Radar <strong>D<strong>at</strong>a</strong> Services<br />
Services include:<br />
Temporal Search<br />
File Search<br />
Order <strong>D<strong>at</strong>a</strong><br />
8
Software Applic<strong>at</strong>ions<br />
Java <strong>NEXRAD</strong> Viewer<br />
http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/radar/radarresources.html<br />
9
Software Applic<strong>at</strong>ions<br />
Java <strong>NEXRAD</strong> Viewer<br />
• Filter <strong>NEXRAD</strong> Export <strong>D<strong>at</strong>a</strong><br />
•Export <strong>NEXRAD</strong> to shapefiles, ESRI Grids, GrADS (coming soon: NetCDF,<br />
GeoTIFF & HDF)<br />
•Export Simple M<strong>at</strong>h Results<br />
10
High-Resolution Microwave-Based<br />
Precipit<strong>at</strong>ion Analysis<br />
R&D<br />
Quarter degree sp<strong>at</strong>ial, daily temporal analysis<br />
(Tom Smith, Ralph Ferraro, Yin, <strong>and</strong> others)<br />
Microwave-based precipit<strong>at</strong>ion<br />
AMSU, SSMI, AMSR-E, TRMM s<strong>at</strong>ellites, <strong>and</strong> gauge<br />
d<strong>at</strong>a<br />
May augment with IR d<strong>at</strong>a to fill gaps<br />
L<strong>at</strong>est MW algorithms for consistency<br />
Developed an OI of MW <strong>and</strong> gauge observ<strong>at</strong>ions<br />
Estim<strong>at</strong>ion of error <strong>and</strong> scale OI st<strong>at</strong>istics<br />
Bias-adjustment method may be applied to product<br />
11
NOAA Multi-sensor QPE – Vision<br />
Radar<br />
<strong>D<strong>at</strong>a</strong><br />
Multisensor<br />
Precipit<strong>at</strong>ion<br />
Reanalysis (MPR)<br />
Rain Gauge <strong>D<strong>at</strong>a</strong><br />
NWS<br />
External Partners<br />
Real-Time<br />
Multisensor<br />
QPE<br />
<strong>NCDC</strong><br />
OAR/NSSL<br />
NOAA<br />
Multisensor QPE<br />
<strong>Products</strong> &<br />
NESDIS/ORA Services<br />
Other OAR Labs<br />
S<strong>at</strong>ellite<br />
<strong>D<strong>at</strong>a</strong><br />
12<br />
NWP Model<br />
Output <strong>D<strong>at</strong>a</strong><br />
Lightning<br />
<strong>D<strong>at</strong>a</strong>
Complete Rain<br />
Gauge <strong>D<strong>at</strong>a</strong><br />
Multi-Sensor Precipit<strong>at</strong>ion REANALYSIS<br />
Additional<br />
NWP Model<br />
Output<br />
Additional<br />
S<strong>at</strong>ellite <strong>D<strong>at</strong>a</strong><br />
<strong>NCDC</strong><br />
Archive*<br />
N<strong>at</strong>ional<br />
Multisensor<br />
Precipit<strong>at</strong>ion<br />
Reanalysis<br />
Reanalysis<br />
<strong>Products</strong><br />
Customers<br />
WSR-88D<br />
Level II <strong>D<strong>at</strong>a</strong><br />
Rain Gauge<br />
<strong>D<strong>at</strong>a</strong><br />
NWP Model<br />
Output<br />
Lightning <strong>D<strong>at</strong>a</strong><br />
CRAFT<br />
N<strong>at</strong>ional<br />
Reflectivity<br />
Mosaic<br />
N<strong>at</strong>ional<br />
Multisensor<br />
QPE<br />
NMQ<br />
Real-Time<br />
<strong>Products</strong><br />
Customers<br />
REAL-TIME ANALYSIS<br />
S<strong>at</strong>ellite <strong>D<strong>at</strong>a</strong><br />
* Level II <strong>and</strong> Level III<br />
13
Multi-Sensor Precipit<strong>at</strong>ion REANALYSIS<br />
Why precipit<strong>at</strong>ion?<br />
Critical clim<strong>at</strong>e variable through w<strong>at</strong>er cycle<br />
Critical we<strong>at</strong>her <strong>and</strong> w<strong>at</strong>er variable<br />
Why multisensor?<br />
Improves accuracy, resolution, coverage<br />
Why reanalysis?<br />
Affords more complete <strong>and</strong> better quality-controlled input d<strong>at</strong>a, <strong>and</strong> “best”<br />
scientific algorithms available<br />
Can provide consistent high-resolution high-quality products<br />
Why now?<br />
High-resolution high-quality precipit<strong>at</strong>ion d<strong>at</strong>a (both historical <strong>and</strong> realtime)<br />
critically needed for w<strong>at</strong>er management … among others.<br />
A decade of oper<strong>at</strong>ional experience with real-time multisensor quantit<strong>at</strong>ive<br />
precipit<strong>at</strong>ion estim<strong>at</strong>ion (QPE)<br />
Experience with limited-scope/scale multisensor precipit<strong>at</strong>ion reanalysis<br />
N<strong>at</strong>ional Mosaic <strong>and</strong> Quantit<strong>at</strong>ive Precipit<strong>at</strong>ion Estim<strong>at</strong>ion (NMQ) Project<br />
14
Multi-Sensor Precipit<strong>at</strong>ion REANALYSIS<br />
MPR<br />
Multi-sensor product<br />
High Resolution<br />
Unbiased<br />
Continental U.S<br />
Applic<strong>at</strong>ions<br />
Drought<br />
Flood Management<br />
Flash Flood Prediction<br />
W<strong>at</strong>er Supply<br />
Transport<strong>at</strong>ion<br />
Emergency Management<br />
Agriculture<br />
Debris Flows<br />
Ecosystems Management<br />
Hydrologic Design<br />
Research<br />
Customers<br />
NWS<br />
NOAA<br />
Federal Agencies<br />
Tribal Agencies<br />
St<strong>at</strong>e Agencies<br />
Local Agencies<br />
Priv<strong>at</strong>e Sector<br />
Academia<br />
Hydrologic, Environmental<br />
Engineers<br />
15
Multi-Sensor Precipit<strong>at</strong>ion REANALYSIS<br />
Research to Oper<strong>at</strong>ions<br />
Reanalysis<br />
Research<br />
Regional Product<br />
Development<br />
CONUS Product<br />
Distribution<br />
Customer Feedback<br />
2005 2006 2006 2007 Oper<strong>at</strong>ional ?<br />
Product<br />
Re-Development<br />
New <strong>D<strong>at</strong>a</strong> Sources<br />
Product Dissemin<strong>at</strong>ion – THREDDS <strong>D<strong>at</strong>a</strong> Server<br />
http://eclipse.ncdc.noaa.gov:9090/thredds/dodsC/radar/c<strong>at</strong>alog.html<br />
16
<strong>NEXRAD</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>GEWEX</strong><br />
Precipit<strong>at</strong>ion products can help meet Phase II Objectives<br />
• Research quality d<strong>at</strong>a sets<br />
– Biases addressed <strong>and</strong> Uncertainty characterized<br />
• Energy <strong>and</strong> W<strong>at</strong>er Cycle contribution to Clim<strong>at</strong>e<br />
– Major input to Energy <strong>and</strong> W<strong>at</strong>er Budget studies<br />
• Space-Time characteristics of predictability of key<br />
variables<br />
– <strong>D<strong>at</strong>a</strong> resolution affords for assessing space-time characteristics<br />
• Seasonal prediction of w<strong>at</strong>er <strong>and</strong> energy cycle variability<br />
– Long term allows for intra <strong>and</strong> inter annual studies<br />
• Assess clim<strong>at</strong>e prediction <strong>and</strong> global change<br />
– Can be input or benchmark for clim<strong>at</strong>e studies<br />
17
WGPRN<br />
Determine the feasibility of producing common precipit<strong>at</strong>ion<br />
products from radar networks for a common time period.<br />
• <strong>D<strong>at</strong>a</strong> Form<strong>at</strong><br />
• <strong>D<strong>at</strong>a</strong> Transmission<br />
•Archive<br />
• <strong>D<strong>at</strong>a</strong> Access<br />
• Resolution (Space <strong>and</strong> Time)<br />
• Algorithms<br />
18
WGPRN<br />
Common <strong>D<strong>at</strong>a</strong> Model<br />
File Form<strong>at</strong><br />
#1<br />
Visualiz<strong>at</strong>ion<br />
&Analysis<br />
File Form<strong>at</strong><br />
#2<br />
File Form<strong>at</strong><br />
#N<br />
CDM<br />
NetCDF file<br />
OpenDAP Server<br />
WCS Service<br />
19
WGPRN<br />
Possibilities <strong>and</strong> Associ<strong>at</strong>ed Issues<br />
• B<strong>and</strong><br />
• Doppler Capabilities<br />
• <strong>D<strong>at</strong>a</strong> Processing<br />
•Base <strong>D<strong>at</strong>a</strong><br />
• <strong>D<strong>at</strong>a</strong> resolution<br />
• <strong>D<strong>at</strong>a</strong> Transmission<br />
• <strong>D<strong>at</strong>a</strong> form<strong>at</strong><br />
• <strong>D<strong>at</strong>a</strong> Archive<br />
• C,X,S etc.<br />
• Attenu<strong>at</strong>ion<br />
•Yes, No<br />
• Severe We<strong>at</strong>her<br />
• Radar Product Gener<strong>at</strong>or • Internal St<strong>and</strong>ard<br />
• Level II d<strong>at</strong>a (Z,V,W) • Variables<br />
•1 o by 1km<br />
• File size<br />
• NOAAPort<br />
• <strong>D<strong>at</strong>a</strong> Transmission<br />
• CDM<br />
• St<strong>and</strong>ards<br />
• N<strong>at</strong>ional Archive Center • Central Loc<strong>at</strong>ion<br />
Example <strong>at</strong> <strong>NCDC</strong><br />
• Agreements with Canada, Mexico, Korea<br />
20
Conclusions<br />
• 150 <strong>NEXRAD</strong> sites<br />
– <strong>D<strong>at</strong>a</strong> form<strong>at</strong>, organiz<strong>at</strong>ion, management<br />
• Provide for high resolution precipit<strong>at</strong>ion estim<strong>at</strong>es<br />
– Space scales 4km <strong>and</strong> less<br />
– Temporal scales hourly <strong>and</strong> less<br />
• Archive is 10+ years<br />
– Allows longer term investig<strong>at</strong>ions<br />
– Current Reanalysis project<br />
• CONUS to other Continental-Scale implement<strong>at</strong>ions<br />
– Common <strong>D<strong>at</strong>a</strong> Form<strong>at</strong><br />
– <strong>D<strong>at</strong>a</strong> Archive<br />
– <strong>D<strong>at</strong>a</strong> Transmission<br />
– <strong>D<strong>at</strong>a</strong> Accessibility<br />
http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/radar/radarresources.html<br />
21
• Global Map<br />
Conclusions-2<br />
– Sp<strong>at</strong>ial <strong>and</strong> Temporal Heterogeneity<br />
• Importance of Gauge <strong>D<strong>at</strong>a</strong><br />
–GPCC<br />
•Clim<strong>at</strong>e <strong>D<strong>at</strong>a</strong> Sets<br />
– ****Radar not oper<strong>at</strong>ed for clim<strong>at</strong>e apps****<br />
• Who Wh<strong>at</strong> Why When Where How<br />
22
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