Introduction to Geochemistry

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Hubble constant v = Hd H = Hubble constant d = distance • Provides a limit to the age of the universe • Time required to separate two objects is… t = d/v = 1/H • Properly calibrated, estimate comes out to be
Cosmic microwave radiation ! Discovered by accident in 1965 by Penzias and Wilson • Won Nobel prize in 1978 for discovery • Universe is permeated by microwave radiation at a blackbody temperature of ~2.7 K • Remnant from when universe became transparent… wavelengths are stretched out by cosmic expansion since then • Max Planck equation for blackbody radiation ! max = 0.29/T ! Radiation varies slightly in temperature throughout the universe • Due to quantum fluctuations in the vacuum energy, occurring in the first fraction of a second • Inflation fixed these fluctuations in place on a cosmic scale
Page 1 and 2: Introduction to Geochemistry ! Geoc
Page 3: Origin of the Universe ! “Big Ban
Page 8 and 9: COBE data ! COsmic Background Explo
Page 10 and 11: Hubble Deep Field ! Long exposure i
Page 12 and 13: Stellar Evolution ! Stars form as a
Page 14: Hertzsprung-Russell diagram ! Solar
Page 17: Supernova remnant M1 (NGC 1952), th
Page 20 and 21: Nucleosynthesis ! Process forming e
Page 22 and 23: Nucleosynthesis ! Solar (cosmic) ab
Page 24 and 25: Nucleosynthesis in massive stars !
Page 26 and 27: Fusion of Heavier Elements ! Alpha
Page 28: Explaining Cosmic Abundances ! H an

Introduction to Geochemistry

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