Introduction to Geochemistry

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Stellar Life Cycle ! Birth • Contraction begins fusion at a core temperature of ~20 million K • Early form of star is a “T-Tauri” star, with a strong solar wind ! Midlife • Fusion of H in stellar core, slow expansion of stellar diameter ! Senescence • Exhaustion of core H, fusion of H continues in expanding shell in mid-depth of star… significant stellar expansion • Star moves off of “main sequence” and becomes a Red Giant • At the red giant stage, core temperature increases while outer mantle of star cools by expansion • Eventually, star begins to fuse He to form C in core ! Death • Supernova - star detonates, may leave a pulsar or neutron star at its core, or a black hole (>3 solar masses) • White dwarf - lower mass stars dim to form a white dwarf star, which cools and fades as surface T decreases, fuel runs out
Supernova remnant M1 (NGC 1952), the Crab Nebula Explosion observed 1054 A.D. (6,300 l.y. distant)
Page 1 and 2: Introduction to Geochemistry ! Geoc
Page 3: Origin of the Universe ! “Big Ban
Page 6 and 7: Hubble constant v = Hd H = Hubble c
Page 8 and 9: COBE data ! COsmic Background Explo
Page 10 and 11: Hubble Deep Field ! Long exposure i
Page 12 and 13: Stellar Evolution ! Stars form as a
Page 14: Hertzsprung-Russell diagram ! Solar
Page 20 and 21: Nucleosynthesis ! Process forming e
Page 22 and 23: Nucleosynthesis ! Solar (cosmic) ab
Page 24 and 25: Nucleosynthesis in massive stars !
Page 26 and 27: Fusion of Heavier Elements ! Alpha
Page 28: Explaining Cosmic Abundances ! H an

Introduction to Geochemistry

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