Holocene vegetational history of the Apuseni ... - geo.edu.ro

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A. Bodnariuc et al. / Quaternary Science Reviews 21 (2002) 1465–1488
Table 4
Description <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> local pollen assemblage zones in <strong>the</strong> Padis pr<strong>of</strong>ile
LPAZ/Depth (cm) LPAZ name Main features <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> LPAZ
Pad. 12 5–11
Poaceae–Fagus–Picea–Carpinus–Corylus–Quercus
Small decrease in Poaceae, Picea and Carpinus, slight increase
in Fagus, Quercus, Corylus and Pinus
Pad. 11 11–15 Poaceae–Fagus–Picea–Carpinus–Cerealia Decrease in Poaceae and synchronous increase in Fagus, Picea,
Carpinus, Quercus and Pinus
Upper limit: decrease in Poaceae, increase in Fagus
Pad. 10 15–20 Poaceae–Fagus–Picea–Cerealia Abrupt increase in Poaceae and synchronous decrease in Fagus
and Picea. Cerealia, Plantago, Rumex and Chenopodiaceae well
represented,
Upper limit: decrease in Poaceae, increase in Fagus and Picea
Pad. 9 20–25 Fagus–Poaceae–Picea–Corylus–Quercus Increase in Picea, decrease in Quercus, slight increase in Fagus,
decrease in Chenopodiaceae
Upper limit: increase in Poaceae, decrease in Fagus and Picea
Pad. 8 25–30 Fagus–Poaceae–Picea Decrease in Picea and Abies, increase in Quercus and Betula,
Poaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Rumex, Plantago and Cerealia
Upper limit: slight increase in Fagus and Picea, decrease in
Chenopodiaceae
Pad. 7 30–40 Fagus–Picea–Abies Fall in Carpinus, decline in Fagus, increase <strong>the</strong>n decline in Picea
and Abies. Increase in Chenopodiaceae at <strong>the</strong> end <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> phase
Upper limit: decline in Picea and Abies, increase in Poaceae and
Chenopodiaceae
Pad. 6 40–50 Fagus–Picea–Carpinus–Poaceae–Abies Optimum <strong>of</strong> Fagus, small variations in Picea and Carpinus and
increase in Poaceae and Corylus. Small increase in Artemisia
Upper limit: decrease in Fagus and Carpinus, increase in Picea
and Abies
Pad. 5 50–55 Fagus–Picea–Carpinus–Abies Increase in Picea, Carpinus and Chenopodiaceae. Small
decrease in Abies and small increase in Fagus
Upper limit: decrease in Carpinus and Picea, increase in
Poaceae
Pad. 4 55–70 Fagus–Picea–Abies–Carpinus Small increase in Abies and Fagus, fluctuations <strong>of</strong> Carpinus and
Corylus, small increase in Chenopodiaceae. Beginning <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>
AP/T decline at <strong>the</strong> end <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> phase
Upper limit: Increase in Picea, Carpinus and Chenopodiaceae
Pad. 3 70–80 Corylus–Carpinus–Fagus–Picea–Abies Decrease in Corylus, Carpinus Ulmus. Increase in Abies, Fagus
and Picea. Small increase in Juglans
Upper limit: decrease in Carpinus, small increase in Corylus
Pad. 2 80–85 Corylus–Carpinus–Picea–Fagus Decrease in Corylus and increase in Carpinus and Fagus. Small
increase in Quercus and Abies. Presence <strong>of</strong> Juglans
Upper limit: increase in Abies and Fagus, decrease in Corylus
and Carpinus
Pad. 1 85–90 Corylus–Picea–Poaceae Increase in Corylus,decrease in Poaceae. Carpinus, Fagus and
Abies present but rare
Upper limit: decrease in Corylus, increase in Carpinus and
Fagus
From RPAZ 5–9 (ca 6450 cal BP–Present), <strong>the</strong> pollen
diagrams <strong>of</strong> Bergerie, Padis and Cimeti"ere can be
compared.
At Padis, between 4650 and 4100 cal BP, in <strong>the</strong> upper
part <strong>of</strong> RPAZ 5, <strong>the</strong> percentages <strong>of</strong> Carpinus are low
(2%) when comparing with Bergerie (near 5%) and
Cimeti"ere (near 10%). At Padis, Cimeti"ere and Bergerie,
<strong>the</strong> increase in Fagus and Carpinus and <strong>the</strong> synchronous
decrease in Corylus characterise <strong>the</strong> beginning <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>
RPAZ 6 dated ca 4500 cal BP (4050780 BP) at Bergerie.
This age, d<strong>edu</strong>ced from that <strong>of</strong> levels 160–155 from
Bergerie (4050780 BP), was preferred to that <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>
bottom <strong>of</strong> Padis (4595765 BP, 5300 cal BP) for three
reasons: at Padis <strong>the</strong> thickness <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> sample is 15 cm
and at Bergerie only 5 cm; at Padis <strong>the</strong> dated sediment
concerns material situated below <strong>the</strong> beginning <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>
Fagus curve; comparison between <strong>the</strong> dates obtained for
<strong>the</strong> Fagus expansion at Bergerie (4050780 BP) and in
<strong>the</strong> southwestern Carpathians, in Banat mountains
(3880760 BP; R.osch and Fischer, 2000), are close to
4500 cal BP.
The beginning <strong>of</strong> RPAZ 7 corresponds to <strong>the</strong> Abies
development dated ca 4200 cal BP (3720760 BP) at
Bergerie. The end <strong>of</strong> RPAZ 7 is not dated. The proposed
limit at 1940 cal BP is based on an interpolation between
<strong>the</strong> radiocarbon dating <strong>of</strong> Bergerie (3720760 and