Improving Global Quality of Life

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9.7.1 Hot topics ........................................................................................................................................ 121 9.7.2 Welding in the minerals processing industry – Alumina case study .......................................... 122 9.8 Shipbuilding sector ......................................................................................................................... 123 9.8.1 Industry trends ................................................................................................................................. 123 9.8.2 Naval shipbuilding – versatile and innovative in a changing Navy market ............................ 124 9.8.3 Innovative shipbuilding .................................................................................................................. 125 9.8.4 Integrated shop fl oor technology ................................................................................................ 125 9.8.5 Laser technology – A revolution in shipbuilding .......................................................................... 126 9.8.6 Aluminium ship fabrication ............................................................................................................ 126 9.8.7 Hot topics ........................................................................................................................................ 127 9.8.8 The IIW select committee Shipbuilding ........................................................................................ 128 9.9 Building sector................................................................................................................................. 128 9.9.1 Needs and Challenges .................................................................................................................. 129 9.9.2 Hot topics ........................................................................................................................................ 130 9.10 Bridge sector ................................................................................................................................... 130 9.10.1 Needs and Challenges .................................................................................................................. 130 9.10.2 Welding industry role ...................................................................................................................... 132 9.10.3 Hot topics ........................................................................................................................................ 134 9.11 Rail track sector .............................................................................................................................. 134 9.11.1 Rail welding ..................................................................................................................................... 134 9.11.2 Hot topics ........................................................................................................................................ 136 9.12 Water transmission sector .............................................................................................................. 136 9.12.1 Hot topics ........................................................................................................................................ 137 9.13 Advanced steels sector ................................................................................................................. 137 9.13.1 Metallurgical challenges ............................................................................................................... 137 9.13.2 Preheat ............................................................................................................................................ 138 9.13.3 Residual stress ................................................................................................................................. 138 9.13.4 Hot topics ........................................................................................................................................ 139 9.14 Electronics sector ........................................................................................................................... 139 9.14.1 Hot topics ........................................................................................................................................ 141 9.15 Microjoining sector ......................................................................................................................... 142 9.15.1 Hot topics ........................................................................................................................................ 143 9.16 Medical devices ............................................................................................................................. 143 9.16.1 Hot topics ........................................................................................................................................ 144 9.16.2 Joining live tissues and coatings ................................................................................................... 146 9.16.3 Hot topics ........................................................................................................................................ 146 9.17 Nanotechnology and nanojoining sector .................................................................................. 146 9.17.1 Nanotechnology for joining .......................................................................................................... 147 9.17.2 Joining of nanomaterials ............................................................................................................... 147 9.17.3 Hot topics ........................................................................................................................................ 148 9.18 Aerospace sector ........................................................................................................................... 148 9.18.1 Hot topics ........................................................................................................................................ 149 9.19 Welding in space ............................................................................................................................ 151 9.20 Small and medium enterprises’ needs and contributions ......................................................... 152 9.21 Strategies to meet challenges of industrial sectors and implementation ............................... 153 82 Improving Global Quality of Life Through Optimum Use and Innovation of Welding and Joining Technologies
9. Needs and challenges of major industry sectors for future applications To become more competitive globally, all industrial sectors will continue to strive for more innovative, integrated, efficient and safe ways of doing business. At the same time, the need to protect Mother Earth also means that design, manufacturing, construction, operational and repair processes must give sustainable development in a sustainable environment. The challenge to upgrade existing products, manufacturing methods and plants has to be in place to meet environmental friendly standards. This means that, in supporting these demands in all industrial sectors, technological advances in material and welding processes have to keep pace. The needs of, and challenges for, major industrial sectors are reviewed and briefly outlined in the following sections. The pie chart of welding market per industrial sector is shown in Figure 9.1. The main driving factors behind the development of joining technologies for sheet and plate, are the automotive and shipyard industries. Global welding market by end users Shipbuilding & Offshore Construction Automative/Transport Pipeline & Pipe mills Energy Oil, Gas & Process All other Figure 9.1 The welding market for consumables, equipment and services is estimated to be about US$15 billion (Reproduced courtesy: ESAB) 9.1 Energy sector The European Community Framework Programme (FP7) describes the overall objective for the 21 st century with the following statement; “Adapting the current energy system into a more sustainable one, less dependent on imported fuels and based on a diverse mix of energy sources, in particular renewables, energy carriers and non polluting sources; enhancing energy efficiency, including by rationalising use and storage of energy; addressing the pressing challenges of security of supply and climate change, …” Such world-wide strategic objectives for sustainable, competitive and secure energy sources creates new technological challenges to materials scientists and welding technologies to create new infrastructure and to maintain safe structural performance during operation. Through Optimum Use and Innovation of Welding and Joining Technologies Improving Global Quality of Life 83
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Improving Global Quality of Life Th
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Foreword Dr Baldev Raj Mr Chris Sma
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In alphabetical order (Continued) D
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6.3 Job, skill, career and competen
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9.6.3 Welding processes and challen
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Executive summary “ Welding is an
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Editors’ Preface Improving Global
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Scope and objectives 1 an important
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Welding industry 2.in the world 2.1
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2.2 Today’s welding industry and
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2 Welding industry in the world IIW
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3.welding Signifi cance of and join
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3.3 Welding and joining in sustaina
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An example of the value of welding
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16 Improving Global Quality of Life
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4. Needs and challenges in welding
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Welding thick walled steel componen
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The trend towards light-weight desi
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Up-to-date, titanium alloys have be
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Needs for weight reduction in aircr
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Finally, testing of welds will be e
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As another most important item, the
Page 46 and 47: In order to make the developments i
Page 48 and 49: Reduction and/or elimination of dis
Page 50 and 51: 5. Needs and challenges in welding
Page 52 and 53: The productivity in EB welding has
Page 54 and 55: The potential applications are for
Page 56 and 57: 5.2 Higher automation, productivity
Page 58 and 59: In submerged arc welding one can re
Page 60 and 61: From a practical perspective, the n
Page 62 and 63: Acceptance levels are not included
Page 64 and 65: 5.5 NDT and structural health monit
Page 66 and 67: IIW can help companies to get their
Page 68 and 69: 6. Needs and challenges in health,
Page 70 and 71: welder against Cr6 is a very import
Page 72 and 73: is considerable national concern fo
Page 74 and 75: important in meeting needs with res
Page 76 and 77: 7. Legal codes, rules and standardi
Page 78 and 79: In national or regional legal codes
Page 80 and 81: 7.4.2 Optimum laws Laws applying in
Page 82 and 83: IIW needs to help ISO and others cl
Page 84 and 85: structures. It is unlikely in the s
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Page 88 and 89: 8. Needs and challenges for global
Page 90 and 91: infrastructure to develop multiple
Page 92 and 93: Table 8.1 Key actions and key activ
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Page 98 and 99: New discoveries tend to be in deepw
Page 100 and 101: Proved reserves at end 2004 Trillio
Page 102 and 103: easily weldable, the life expectanc
Page 104 and 105: 9.1.3 Hot topics Reducing negative
Page 106 and 107: Following these codes assures initi
Page 108 and 109: 9.1.5 Hot topics Development and up
Page 110 and 111: 9.1.8 Power - Renewable Rising fuel
Page 112 and 113: 9.2.2 Production using joining tech
Page 114 and 115: still sometimes an unanswered quest
Page 116 and 117: 2. To an increasing extent, joining
Page 118 and 119: nature and not specifically related
Page 120 and 121: 9.3.2 Hot Topics The following issu
Page 122 and 123: industry have resulted in the need
Page 124 and 125: technology based on the existing pi
Page 126 and 127: general investment climate, includi
Page 128 and 129: 10 000 Eq. SS range, MPa 1000 100 1
Page 130 and 131: Globalisation: PEI is operating in
Page 132 and 133: At the same time as automakers are
Page 134 and 135: On the other hand, when looking at
Page 136 and 137: 9.7.2 Welding in the minerals proce
Page 138 and 139: Finland Poland Rest of the world Cr
Page 140 and 141: This situation is unsatisfactory an
Page 142 and 143: implementation of smart systems. In
Page 144 and 145: 9.9.2 Hot topics Raising and enforc
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9.10.2 Welding industry role As des
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While items and directions may vary
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9.11.2 Hot topics In spite of these
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9.13.2 Preheat Preheating is carrie
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The electronic products industry se
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Portable power: In the Portable Pow
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the HRI report which accounted for
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9.16.2 Joining live tissues and coa
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(material removal, welding, surface
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Furthermore, in the field of dissim
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9.20 Small and medium enterprises
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and assessment. Multi-material desi
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0. Short, medium and long-term stra
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10.3.2 Typical hot topics In the me
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10.4 Long-term strategic agenda IIW
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162 Improving Global Quality of Lif
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[16] Mayr P et al., “Long-term cr
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IIW White Paper - Edition 2012 ISBN
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