Improving Global Quality of Life
Improving Global Quality of Life
Improving Global Quality of Life
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Contents<br />
Foreword ...................................................................................................................................... III<br />
Panel <strong>of</strong> expert contributors ..................................................................................................... IV<br />
Executive summary ....................................................................................................................XII<br />
Editors’ Preface .......................................................................................................................... XIII<br />
1. Scope and objectives .....................................................................................................1<br />
2. Welding industry in the world ......................................................................................3<br />
2.1 Historical perspective: welding as problem solver ...................................................4<br />
2.2 Today’s welding industry and its structures ...............................................................6<br />
2.3 Organisations, institutes, communication and networks ..........................................6<br />
2.3.1 Early welding societies .................................................................................................6<br />
2.3.2 International cooperation ...........................................................................................7<br />
2.3.3 Regional benefi ts .........................................................................................................8<br />
3 Signifi cance <strong>of</strong> welding and joining .........................................................................9<br />
3.1 Major industrial sectors utilising welding and joining .............................................10<br />
3.2 Social aspects and improvement <strong>of</strong> quality <strong>of</strong> life .................................................11<br />
3.3 Welding and joining in sustainable growth and environment ..............................12<br />
3.4 Value and benefi ts <strong>of</strong> welding ..................................................................................12<br />
3.5 Failures <strong>of</strong> welded structures .....................................................................................14<br />
4. Needs and challenges in welding and joining sciences .............................17<br />
4.1 New materials, weldability and testing ....................................................................18<br />
4.1.1 New materials and weldability .................................................................................20<br />
4.1.2 Consumables ..............................................................................................................25<br />
4.1.3 Testing ..........................................................................................................................26<br />
4.2 High energy density welding processes and material response ..........................28<br />
4.3 Repair welds and material response .......................................................................29<br />
VI <strong>Improving</strong> <strong>Global</strong> <strong>Quality</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Life</strong> Through Optimum Use and Innovation <strong>of</strong> Welding and Joining Technologies